喷油器体深孔直线度加工工艺参数优化
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摘要
深孔直线度误差严重影响着高压共轨喷油器体的性能。为研究不同的加工工艺参数对喷油器体深孔直线度的影响规律,根据单因素试验方法,利用枪钻对喷油器体深孔进行加工试验,采用线结构光视觉测量技术与最小二乘法测量深孔直线度,分析切削速度、进给速度和切削液压力对喷油器体深孔直线度的影响规律。结果表明:随着切削速度的增大,直线度先减小后增大,当切削速度为6 200r/min时,直线度最小;当进给速度较小时,直线度较小,随着进给速度的增大,直线度总体呈现波动上升的趋势;当切削液压力较低时,直线度较大,直线度随着切削液压力的增大而减小,当切削液压力值达到8 MPa后,直线度随切削液压力的增大而增大。基于三因素三水平的正交试验,对试验结果进行极差和方差分析,获得最佳加工工艺参数组合:切削速度为6 200r/min、进给速度为50mm/min、切削液压力为8 MPa,并对该参数组合进行试验验证。研究结果对减小深孔加工直线度,提高喷油器体加工质量和系统喷油性能的稳定性具有重要的参考价值。
Deep hole straightness error has a strong impact on the performance of high pressure common rail injector.In order to research the influence of different processing parameters on the deep hole straightness,a single factor experiment of the hole in the injector body was carried out by gun-drill,and the straightness was measured by the line structured optical vision measurement technology and the least square method,then the influence of cutting speed,feeding speed and cutting fluid pressure on the straightness of the injector body was analyzed.The results showed that the straightness decreased first and then increased with the increase of cutting speed,when the cutting speed was 6 200 r/min,the straightness was minimum.When the feed speed was small,the straightness was small,as a whole,the straightness fluctuated upward with the increase of feeding speed.When the cutting fluid pressure was small,the straightness was large,and the straightness decreased with the increase of cutting fluid pressure.After the cutting fluid pressure value reached 8 MPa,the straightness increased with the increase of cutting fluid pressure.Based on three factors and three levels of the orthogonal test,the range analysis and variance analysis were done to the test results,and the best processing parameter combination com-posed of the cutting speed of 6 200 r/min,feeding speed of 50 mm/min and oil pressure of 8 MPa was obtained,then the best parameter combination was verified by experiment.The research results have important reference value for reducing the straightness of the deep hole machining,improving the quality of the injector body and the stability of the injection performance of the system.
Deep hole straightness error has a strong impact on the performance of high pressure common rail injector.In order to research the influence of different processing parameters on the deep hole straightness,a single factor experiment of the hole in the injector body was carried out by gun-drill,and the straightness was measured by the line structured optical vision measurement technology and the least square method,then the influence of cutting speed,feeding speed and cutting fluid pressure on the straightness of the injector body was analyzed.The results showed that the straightness decreased first and then increased with the increase of cutting speed,when the cutting speed was 6 200 r/min,the straightness was minimum.When the feed speed was small,the straightness was small,as a whole,the straightness fluctuated upward with the increase of feeding speed.When the cutting fluid pressure was small,the straightness was large,and the straightness decreased with the increase of cutting fluid pressure.After the cutting fluid pressure value reached 8 MPa,the straightness increased with the increase of cutting fluid pressure.Based on three factors and three levels of the orthogonal test,the range analysis and variance analysis were done to the test results,and the best processing parameter combination com-posed of the cutting speed of 6 200 r/min,feeding speed of 50 mm/min and oil pressure of 8 MPa was obtained,then the best parameter combination was verified by experiment.The research results have important reference value for reducing the straightness of the deep hole machining,improving the quality of the injector body and the stability of the injection performance of the system.
引文
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[15]刘斌,沈康,魏兆超,等.基于线结构光视觉技术的微小直径高精度测量系统[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(12):126-129.LIU Bin,SHEN Kang,WEI Zhao-chao,et al.Highprecision measurement system for micro-diameter based on structured-light vision technology[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(12):126-129.
[16]宋强,张烨,王瑞.传感器原理与应用技术[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2016:285-288.SONG Qiang,ZHANG Ye,WANG Rui.Sensor principle and application technology[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,2016:285-288.
[17]李少敏.深孔轴线直线度误差评定方法的研究[D].太原:中北大学机械工程学院,2016:19-20.LI Shao-min.Research on evaluation method for deephole axis straightness error[D].Taiyuan:North University of China,School of Mechanical Engineering,2016:19-20.
[18]汪萌,张伟,张占阳,等.改造机床深孔加工工艺参数选择试验研究[J].制造业自动化,2015,37(2):50-52.WANG Meng,ZHANG Wei,ZHANG Zhan-yang,et al.Experiment research of the choice of process parameters in using modified machine to drill deep hole[J].Manufacturing Automation,2015,37(2):50-52.
[19]梁浩文.枪钻加工工艺对加工质量影响的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,2013:72-80.LIANG Hao-wen.Research on the accuracy impacting of gun drilling process[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering,2013:72-80.
[2]李亚军,郑志刚.直线度误差的数据处理及程序设计[J].中国测试,2007,33(3):67-69.LI Ya-jun,ZHENG Zhi-gang.Calculation of straightness error and computerization[J].China Measurement&Technology,2007,33(3):67-69.
[3]MESSAOUD A,WEIHS C.Monitoring a deep hole drilling process by nonlinear time series modeling[J].Journal of Sound&Vibration,2009,321(3/5):620-630.
[4]商解波,武美萍,杭勇,等.基于Deform-3D的共轨喷油器体深孔钻削温度场仿真[J].机械设计与研究,2016,32(6):87-89.SHANG Jie-bo,WU Mei-ping,HANG Yong,et al.Research on simulation of temperature field of common rail injector deep hole drilling based on Deform-3D[J].Machine Design&Research,2016,32(6):87-89.
[5]张新宝,谢江平.空间直线度误差评定的逼近最小包容圆柱法[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(12):6-9.ZHANG Xin-bao,XIE Jiang-ping.Evaluating spatial straightness error by approaching minimum enclosure cylinder[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2011,39(12):6-9.
[6]王炳杰,赵军鹏,王春洁.基于三维最小二乘方法的空间直线度误差评定[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2014,40(10):1477-1480.WANG Bing-jie,ZHAO Jun-peng,WANG Chun-jie.Spatial straightness error evaluation based on three-dimensional least squares method[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2014,40(10):1477-1480.
[7]茅健,曹衍龙.基于粒子群算法的空间直线度误差评定[J].工程设计学报,2006,13(5):291-294.MAO Jian,CAO Yan-long.Evaluation method for spatial straightness error based on particle swarm optimization[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Design,2006,13(5):291-294.
[8]陈振亚,沈兴全,辛志杰,等.切削液对深孔直线度的影响分析与应用[J].振动、测试与诊断,2015,35(3):553-558.CHEN Zhen-ya,SHEN Xing-quan,XIN Zhi-jie,et al.Analysis and application of deep hole drilling straightness error influenced by cutting fluid[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2015,35(3):553-558.
[9]李言,孔令飞.振动切削深孔加工初始偏差对孔直线度误差的影响[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(13):167-173.LI Yan,KONG Ling-fei.Influence of initial deviation in vibrating deep hole drilling on hole straightness error[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,48(13):167-173.
[10]胡凤兰,刘军安,魏华.深孔钻削中的孔轴线偏斜机理与控制方法[J].现代制造工程,2011(7):73-77.HU Feng-lan,LIU Jun-an,WEI Hua.On the mechanism and controlling methods of axial deviation in deephole drilling[J].Modern Manufacturing Engineering,2011(7):73-77.
[11]DENG C S,HUANG J C,CHIN J H.Effects of support misalignments in deep-hole drill shafts on hole straightness[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2001,41(8):1165-1188.
[12]KATSUKI A,ONIKURA H,SAJIMA T,et al.Development of a practical high-performance laser-guided deep-hole boring tool:improvement in guiding strategy[J].Precision Engineering,2011,35(2):221-227.
[13]RICHARDSON R,BHATTI R.A review of research into the role of guide pads in BTA deep-hole machining[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2001,110(1):61-69.
[14]陈振亚,沈兴全,庞俊忠,等.深孔直线度光电测量技术[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(12):362-366.CHEN Zhen-ya,SHEN Xing-quan,PANG Jun-zhong,et al.Photoelectric measurement method of deep hole straightness[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(12):362-366.
[15]刘斌,沈康,魏兆超,等.基于线结构光视觉技术的微小直径高精度测量系统[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(12):126-129.LIU Bin,SHEN Kang,WEI Zhao-chao,et al.Highprecision measurement system for micro-diameter based on structured-light vision technology[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(12):126-129.
[16]宋强,张烨,王瑞.传感器原理与应用技术[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2016:285-288.SONG Qiang,ZHANG Ye,WANG Rui.Sensor principle and application technology[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,2016:285-288.
[17]李少敏.深孔轴线直线度误差评定方法的研究[D].太原:中北大学机械工程学院,2016:19-20.LI Shao-min.Research on evaluation method for deephole axis straightness error[D].Taiyuan:North University of China,School of Mechanical Engineering,2016:19-20.
[18]汪萌,张伟,张占阳,等.改造机床深孔加工工艺参数选择试验研究[J].制造业自动化,2015,37(2):50-52.WANG Meng,ZHANG Wei,ZHANG Zhan-yang,et al.Experiment research of the choice of process parameters in using modified machine to drill deep hole[J].Manufacturing Automation,2015,37(2):50-52.
[19]梁浩文.枪钻加工工艺对加工质量影响的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,2013:72-80.LIANG Hao-wen.Research on the accuracy impacting of gun drilling process[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering,2013:72-80.
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