棉秆皮预处理对棉秆皮纤维/PP复合材料力学性能的影响研究
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摘要
用碱处理、蒸汽闪爆、蒸汽闪爆结合碱处理这3种预处理方法制备的棉秆皮纤维作为增强体,通过热压成型制备了棉秆皮纤维/聚丙烯复合材料。首先优化了制备该复合材料的棉秆皮纤维长度、热压温度、压力以及时间等工艺参数,并以此优化工艺为基础,研究了3种预处理方法制备的棉秆皮纤维对复合材料拉伸、弯曲、冲击性能以及微观形貌的影响。结果表明:在棉秆皮纤维长度为8cm、热压温度170℃、热压压力3MPa、热压时间4min条件下制备的复合材料性能较优;在3种预处理方法中,采用蒸汽闪爆与碱预处理棉秆皮纤维制备的复合材料性能最优,复合材料拉伸强度为36.290MPa、拉伸模量为4557.40MPa、弯曲强度为63.31MPa、弯曲模量为4780.00MPa、冲击强度为485.0J/m。
Cotton stalk were pre-treated by three different methods including alkali treatment,steam explosion and steam explosion followed by alkali treatment in order to prepare cotton stalk fibers.The three different cotton stalk fibers were then used as reinforcing fibers in cotton stalk fiber/polypropylene(PP)composite material using moldingcompress method.The process parameters including the length of fiber,temperature,pressure and time of moldingcompress were optimized.According to the optimized process parameters,the effects of the three different methods on the tensile,flexural,impact property and microstructure of composites were studied.The results demonstrated that the optimum process conditions were as following:fiber length of 8 cm,molding-temperature of 170℃,and pressure of 3 MPa and time of 4 min.In these three methods,steam explosion followed by the alkali treatment was the best method which could prepare the composite with best mechanical property.The composites had tensile strength of 36.290 MPa,tensile modulus of 4557.40 MPa,flexural strength of 63.31 MPa,flexural modulus of 4780.00 MPa and impact resistance of 485.0 J/m.
Cotton stalk were pre-treated by three different methods including alkali treatment,steam explosion and steam explosion followed by alkali treatment in order to prepare cotton stalk fibers.The three different cotton stalk fibers were then used as reinforcing fibers in cotton stalk fiber/polypropylene(PP)composite material using moldingcompress method.The process parameters including the length of fiber,temperature,pressure and time of moldingcompress were optimized.According to the optimized process parameters,the effects of the three different methods on the tensile,flexural,impact property and microstructure of composites were studied.The results demonstrated that the optimum process conditions were as following:fiber length of 8 cm,molding-temperature of 170℃,and pressure of 3 MPa and time of 4 min.In these three methods,steam explosion followed by the alkali treatment was the best method which could prepare the composite with best mechanical property.The composites had tensile strength of 36.290 MPa,tensile modulus of 4557.40 MPa,flexural strength of 63.31 MPa,flexural modulus of 4780.00 MPa and impact resistance of 485.0 J/m.
引文
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[3]李龙,盛冠忠,吴磊.棉秆皮资源利用开发研究[J].中国麻业科学,2008,30(4):204-206.
[4]Mohammad L Hassan,Abd-Alla M A Nada.Utilization of lignocellulosic fibers in molded polyester composites[J].Cellulose and Paper Department,2002(5):653-660.
[5]曹素娇,谭斌,刘树荣,等.连续式蒸汽爆破对PP/棉秆纤维复合材料力学性能的影响[J].塑料工业,2011,39(7):60-63.
[6]陈淙洁,白肃跃,王春红.聚丙烯/秸秆复合材料的成型工艺及性能探究[J].工程塑料应用,2012,40(1):39-42.
[7]崔萍,楚晓,艾红玲,等.亚麻/聚丙烯复合材料的成型工艺和拉伸性能研究[J].玻璃钢复合材料,2010(2):41-43.
[8]杨志生,贾丽霞,陶伟.纤维长度对树脂基复合材料模压制品的影响[J].制造技术研究,2008,10(5):20-22.
[9]Zou Yi,Shah Huda,Yang Yiqi.Lightweight composites from long wheat straw and polypropylene web[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101:2026-2033.
[10]Zou Yi,Xu Helan,Yang Yiqi.Lightweight polypropylene composites reinforced by long switchgrass stems[J].Journal of Polymers and the Environment,2010,18:464-473.
[11]王善元,张汝光.纤维增强复合材料[D].上海:中国纺织大学,1998:92-99.
[12]Chen Yingquan,Yang Haiping,Wang Xianhua.Biomass-based pyrolytic polygeneration system on cotton stalk pyrolysis:influence of temperature[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,107:411-418.
[13]潘刚为,侯秀良,朱澍,等.用于复合材料的小麦秸秆纤维性能及制备工艺[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(9):287-292.
[14]张叶青,冯彦洪,瞿金平,等,蒸汽爆破与处理PLA/剑麻复合材料性能研究[J].工程塑料与应用,2011,39(4):30-33.
[15]Narendra Reddy,Yiqi Yang.Properties and potential applications of natural cellulose fibers from cornhusks[J].Green Chemistry,2005(7):190-195.