幼苗期大田棉花耐旱性的叶绿素荧光和光合特性辅助鉴定
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摘要
为了建立大田棉花耐旱性叶绿素荧光和光合特性的辅助鉴定方法,以北疆棉区2类不同耐旱基因型的4个棉花品种为材料,在大田条件下研究了棉花幼苗主要光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数对不同干旱胁迫的响应。结果表明:轻度干旱胁迫时,棉花幼苗最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、PSII实际光化学效率(ΦPSII)、光化学猝灭系数(q P)、中短期干旱的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、蒸腾速率(T_r)随胁迫时间的延长上升,非光化学猝灭系数(q N)随胁迫时间的延长下降,但只有胁迫5 d的F_v/F_m与15 d的G_s、胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)、T_r在不同基因型间有显著差异;中度胁迫时,4个品种的ΦPSII、P_n、G_s和T_r随胁迫时间的延长略呈上升趋势,胁迫10 d的G_s和15 d的G_s、C_i、T_r在不同基因型间显著差异;重度胁迫时,棉花幼苗F_v/F_m随胁迫时间的延长轻微上升,而ΦPSII、q P、q N、P_n和G_s呈上升-下降的变化趋势,C_i和T_r呈下降-上升-下降的趋势,且胁迫5 d的F_v/F_m,15 d的F_v/F_m、q N,10 d的G_s、C_i以及15 d的P_n、G_s、C_i、T_r均在不同基因型间有显著差异。从总体看,耐旱型棉苗的F_v/F_m高于干旱敏感型棉苗,耐旱棉苗的q N低于干旱敏感型棉苗,耐旱型棉苗的光合参数均低于干旱敏感型棉苗。建议苗期大田棉花耐旱性鉴定的叶绿素荧光辅助方法为:胁迫程度重度,处理时长15 d,参数为F_v/F_m和q N;光合特性辅助方法为:胁迫程度重度,处理时长15 d,参数为P_n、G_s、C_i、T_r。
In order to establish on assistant identification method for chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthesischaracteristicsofdrought-tolerantcotton,response of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of cotton seedlings to drought stress was studied using four cotton varieties with different drought-tolerant genotype under field experiment in northern Xinjiang.The results showed that the maximal photochemical efficiency(F_v/F_m),the actual photochemical efficiency of PSII(ΦPSII),photochemical quenching(q P),net photosynthetic rate(P_n),stomatal conductance(G_s)and transpiration rate(T_r)increased with the prolongaction of drought stress time,but non-photochemical quenching(q N)decreased.There were significant differences between F_v/F_mvalue measured at the fifth day and G_s,intercellular CO_2 concentration(C_i),T_rmeasured at the fifteenth day in cotton with different genotypes under mild drought stress.Under medium drought stress,theΦPSII,P_n,G_sand T_rof all seedlings increased slightly with the prolongation of stress time,there were significant difference between the G_sat the tenth day and the G_s,C_i,T_rat the fifteenth day in cotton with different genotypes.If treated with severe stress,the F_v/F_mshowed slight rising trend,but the change trends of theΦPSII,q P,q N,P_nand G_swere rising-declining,and the trends of C_iand T_rwere declining-rising-declining.There were significant differences among F_v/F_mat the fifth and fifteenth day,the q N at the fifteenth day,the G_sand C_iat the tenth and fifteenth day,the P_nand T_rat the fifteenth day in cotton with different genotype.Regardless of the intensity of stress,the F_v/F_mvalue of drought-tolerant cotton seedlings was higher than that of drought-sensitive cotton seedlings.The q N value of drought-tolerant cotton seedlings was lower than that of drought-sensitive cotton seedlings,and photosynthetic parameters of drought-tolerant cotton seedlings were lower than those of drought-sensitive cotton seedlings.The recommended assistant identification methods of chlorophyll fluorescence were intensity of stress:servere,stress time:15 days,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters:F_v/F_mand q N.The recommended assistant identification system of photosynthesis were intensity of stress:servere,stress time:15 days,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters:P_n,G_s,C_i,T_r.
In order to establish on assistant identification method for chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthesischaracteristicsofdrought-tolerantcotton,response of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of cotton seedlings to drought stress was studied using four cotton varieties with different drought-tolerant genotype under field experiment in northern Xinjiang.The results showed that the maximal photochemical efficiency(F_v/F_m),the actual photochemical efficiency of PSII(ΦPSII),photochemical quenching(q P),net photosynthetic rate(P_n),stomatal conductance(G_s)and transpiration rate(T_r)increased with the prolongaction of drought stress time,but non-photochemical quenching(q N)decreased.There were significant differences between F_v/F_mvalue measured at the fifth day and G_s,intercellular CO_2 concentration(C_i),T_rmeasured at the fifteenth day in cotton with different genotypes under mild drought stress.Under medium drought stress,theΦPSII,P_n,G_sand T_rof all seedlings increased slightly with the prolongation of stress time,there were significant difference between the G_sat the tenth day and the G_s,C_i,T_rat the fifteenth day in cotton with different genotypes.If treated with severe stress,the F_v/F_mshowed slight rising trend,but the change trends of theΦPSII,q P,q N,P_nand G_swere rising-declining,and the trends of C_iand T_rwere declining-rising-declining.There were significant differences among F_v/F_mat the fifth and fifteenth day,the q N at the fifteenth day,the G_sand C_iat the tenth and fifteenth day,the P_nand T_rat the fifteenth day in cotton with different genotype.Regardless of the intensity of stress,the F_v/F_mvalue of drought-tolerant cotton seedlings was higher than that of drought-sensitive cotton seedlings.The q N value of drought-tolerant cotton seedlings was lower than that of drought-sensitive cotton seedlings,and photosynthetic parameters of drought-tolerant cotton seedlings were lower than those of drought-sensitive cotton seedlings.The recommended assistant identification methods of chlorophyll fluorescence were intensity of stress:servere,stress time:15 days,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters:F_v/F_mand q N.The recommended assistant identification system of photosynthesis were intensity of stress:servere,stress time:15 days,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters:P_n,G_s,C_i,T_r.
引文
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[3]赖金莉,李欣欣,薛磊,等.植物抗旱性研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(17):23-27.
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[6] LONGENBERGER P S,SMITH C W,THAXTON B L,et al. De-velopment of a screening method for drought tolerance in cottonseedlings[J]. Crop Science,2006,46(5):2104-2110.
[7]吴正花,喻理飞,严令斌,等.三叶木通叶片解剖结构和光合特征对干旱胁迫的响应[J].南方农业学报,2018,49(6):1156-1163.
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[10]陈玉梁,石有太,罗俊杰,等.干旱胁迫对彩色棉花农艺、品质性状和水分利用效率的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(11):2074-2082.
[11]王海标,陈全家,刘鹏鹏,等.苗期干旱胁迫对棉花生理特性、产量构成因素和纤维品质的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2013,50(12):2172-2181.
[12]程林梅,张原根,阎继耀,等.土壤干旱对棉花生理特性与产量的影响[J].棉花学报,1995,7(4):233-237.
[13]田又升,王志军,于航,等.干旱胁迫对不同抗旱性棉花品种抗氧化酶活性及基因表达的影响[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(12):2483-2490.
[14] WANG R,GAO M,JI S,et al. Carbon allocation,osmotic adjust-ment,antioxidant capacity and growth in cotton under long-termsoil drought during flowering and boll-forming period[J]. PlantPhysiology and Biochemistry,2016,107:137-146.
[15]陈亚娟,李付广,刘传亮,等.植物渗透调节研究进展及与棉花耐旱遗传改良[J].分子植物育种,2009,7(1):149-154.
[16]于健.棉花品种的抗旱遗传多样性分析及抗旱性评价[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2008.
[17] CHANDRAKANT S,VIJAY K,INDIVAR P,et al. Response ofupland cotton(G. hirsutum L.)genotypes to drought stress usingdrought tolerance indices[J]. Crop Sci Biotech,2015,19(1):53-59.
[18]李忠旺,陈玉梁,罗俊杰,等.棉花抗旱品种筛选鉴定及抗旱性综合评价方法[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(1):240-247.
[19]唐薇,罗振,温四民,等.干旱和盐胁迫对棉苗光合抑制效应的比较[J].棉花学报,2007,19(1):28-32.
[20]刘光辉,陈全家,吴鹏昊,等.棉花花铃期抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(1):53-62.
[21] EVANS J R. Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationships in leaves ofC3 plants[J]. Oecologia,1989,78(1):9-19.
[22] NEIL R B. Chlorophyll fluorescence:a probe of photosynthesis invivo[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology,2008,59:89-113.
[23]冯建灿,胡秀丽,毛训甲.叶绿素荧光动力学在研究植物逆境生理中的应用[J].经济林研究,2002,20(4):14-18,30.
[24] ROBERT R W,ADRIANA O L,DONALD R O. Spatial distribu-tion of photosynthesis during drought in field-grown and acclimatedand nonacclimated[J].Plant Physiol,1992,100:26-32.
[25]吴文超,曲延英,高文伟,等.不同棉花品种对盐、旱胁迫的光合响应及抗逆性评价[J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(9):1569-1579.
[26]罗宏海,张亚黎,张旺锋,等.新疆滴灌棉花花铃期干旱复水对叶片光合特性及产量的影响[J].作物学报,2008,34(1):171-174.
[27]戴茂华,岳秀琴,刘丽英,等.花铃期干旱胁迫对棉花光合特性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(19):4-5,20.
[28] LONGENBERGER P S,SMITH C W,DUKE S E,et al. Evalua-tion of chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool for the identification ofdroughttolerance in upland cotton[J]. Euphytica,2009,166(1):25-33.
[29]薛惠云,张永江,刘连涛,等.干旱胁迫与复水对棉花叶片光谱、光合和荧光参数的影响[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(11):2386-2393.
[30] LI D X,LI C D,SUN H C,et al. Photosynthetic and chlorophyllfluorescence regulation of upland cotton(Gossiypium hirsutum L.)under drought conditions[J]. Plant Omics Journal,2012,5(5):432-437.
[31] JILL D,MARIE P,JACQUELINE E H. Drought tolerance throughbiotechnology:improving translation from the laboratory to farm-ers’fields[J]. Current Opinion in Biotechnology,2012,23(2):243-250.
[2]冯克云,王宁,南宏宇.甘肃河西棉花全生育期不同灌溉量对生长发育的影响及抗旱性评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(5):140-146.
[3]赖金莉,李欣欣,薛磊,等.植物抗旱性研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(17):23-27.
[4]李志博,林海荣,魏亦农,等.北疆主栽棉花抗旱性生育期差异评价及鉴定体系的初步建立[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(3):84-90.
[5]闰春娟,宋书宏,王文斌,等.不同耐旱型大豆根系生理生化特性对不同降雨气候条件的响应[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(13):51-54.
[6] LONGENBERGER P S,SMITH C W,THAXTON B L,et al. De-velopment of a screening method for drought tolerance in cottonseedlings[J]. Crop Science,2006,46(5):2104-2110.
[7]吴正花,喻理飞,严令斌,等.三叶木通叶片解剖结构和光合特征对干旱胁迫的响应[J].南方农业学报,2018,49(6):1156-1163.
[8] CATTIVELLI L,RIZZA F,BADECK F W,et al. Drought toler-ance improvement in crop plants:An integrated view from breedingto genomics[J]. Field Crops Research,2008,105:1-14.
[9]蔡斌,司纪升,屈磊,等.不同小麦品种苗期抗旱性的灰色关联度分析及评价[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(4):10-14.
[10]陈玉梁,石有太,罗俊杰,等.干旱胁迫对彩色棉花农艺、品质性状和水分利用效率的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(11):2074-2082.
[11]王海标,陈全家,刘鹏鹏,等.苗期干旱胁迫对棉花生理特性、产量构成因素和纤维品质的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2013,50(12):2172-2181.
[12]程林梅,张原根,阎继耀,等.土壤干旱对棉花生理特性与产量的影响[J].棉花学报,1995,7(4):233-237.
[13]田又升,王志军,于航,等.干旱胁迫对不同抗旱性棉花品种抗氧化酶活性及基因表达的影响[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(12):2483-2490.
[14] WANG R,GAO M,JI S,et al. Carbon allocation,osmotic adjust-ment,antioxidant capacity and growth in cotton under long-termsoil drought during flowering and boll-forming period[J]. PlantPhysiology and Biochemistry,2016,107:137-146.
[15]陈亚娟,李付广,刘传亮,等.植物渗透调节研究进展及与棉花耐旱遗传改良[J].分子植物育种,2009,7(1):149-154.
[16]于健.棉花品种的抗旱遗传多样性分析及抗旱性评价[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2008.
[17] CHANDRAKANT S,VIJAY K,INDIVAR P,et al. Response ofupland cotton(G. hirsutum L.)genotypes to drought stress usingdrought tolerance indices[J]. Crop Sci Biotech,2015,19(1):53-59.
[18]李忠旺,陈玉梁,罗俊杰,等.棉花抗旱品种筛选鉴定及抗旱性综合评价方法[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(1):240-247.
[19]唐薇,罗振,温四民,等.干旱和盐胁迫对棉苗光合抑制效应的比较[J].棉花学报,2007,19(1):28-32.
[20]刘光辉,陈全家,吴鹏昊,等.棉花花铃期抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(1):53-62.
[21] EVANS J R. Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationships in leaves ofC3 plants[J]. Oecologia,1989,78(1):9-19.
[22] NEIL R B. Chlorophyll fluorescence:a probe of photosynthesis invivo[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology,2008,59:89-113.
[23]冯建灿,胡秀丽,毛训甲.叶绿素荧光动力学在研究植物逆境生理中的应用[J].经济林研究,2002,20(4):14-18,30.
[24] ROBERT R W,ADRIANA O L,DONALD R O. Spatial distribu-tion of photosynthesis during drought in field-grown and acclimatedand nonacclimated[J].Plant Physiol,1992,100:26-32.
[25]吴文超,曲延英,高文伟,等.不同棉花品种对盐、旱胁迫的光合响应及抗逆性评价[J].新疆农业科学,2016,53(9):1569-1579.
[26]罗宏海,张亚黎,张旺锋,等.新疆滴灌棉花花铃期干旱复水对叶片光合特性及产量的影响[J].作物学报,2008,34(1):171-174.
[27]戴茂华,岳秀琴,刘丽英,等.花铃期干旱胁迫对棉花光合特性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(19):4-5,20.
[28] LONGENBERGER P S,SMITH C W,DUKE S E,et al. Evalua-tion of chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool for the identification ofdroughttolerance in upland cotton[J]. Euphytica,2009,166(1):25-33.
[29]薛惠云,张永江,刘连涛,等.干旱胁迫与复水对棉花叶片光谱、光合和荧光参数的影响[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(11):2386-2393.
[30] LI D X,LI C D,SUN H C,et al. Photosynthetic and chlorophyllfluorescence regulation of upland cotton(Gossiypium hirsutum L.)under drought conditions[J]. Plant Omics Journal,2012,5(5):432-437.
[31] JILL D,MARIE P,JACQUELINE E H. Drought tolerance throughbiotechnology:improving translation from the laboratory to farm-ers’fields[J]. Current Opinion in Biotechnology,2012,23(2):243-250.