长蕊木兰叶片挥发油的化学成分及其分类学意义
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摘要
采用同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)对长蕊木兰叶片中挥发油进行提取,同时采用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)联用技术对挥发油中化学成分进行分析,并利用峰面积归一化法得出各化学成分在挥发油中的相对百分含量。采用文献比对分析法,将长蕊木兰叶片挥发油中分析得到的主要化学成分与已报到的木兰科其他属种挥发油的化学主成分进行比对分析,以探讨长蕊木兰叶片挥发油的主成分作为其化学分类指标的可能性。结果表明:从长蕊木兰叶片的挥发油中共分离出29个色谱峰,鉴定其中的26个化合物,占挥发物组成的92.92%。长蕊木兰叶片的挥发油化学成分主要由醇和烯类化合物组成,3-蒈烯相对百分含量占52.11%,为长蕊木兰叶片挥发油中相对百分含量最高的成分。其余成分还包括右旋柠檬烯(2.59%)、Tricyclo[2,2,1,0(2,6)]heptane,1,3,3-trimethyl(2.36%)、3-Thujene(9.67%)、罗勒烯(3.77%)、4-蒈烯(2.2%)、黃樟素(2.81%)、马兜铃烯(2.94%)、4-杜松二烯(4.42%)、反式-橙花叔醇(2.64%)、α-毕橙茄醇(2.14%)。长蕊木兰挥发油化学成分中3-蒈烯的相对百分含量较高,并且与木兰科其他属种挥发油的主成分不同,因此相对百分含量较高的3-蒈烯有望作为长蕊木兰中区别于木兰科其他属种的一个重要化学指标。
The volatile oil in the leaves of Aromadendron cathcartii was extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction(SDE).The chemical constituents in the volatile oil were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS)and the peak area normalization method was used to get the relative percentage of each chemical component in the volatile oil.The main chemical components in the volatile oil of A. cathcartii were compared with the chemical constituents of other volatile oils of Magnoliaceae by literature comparison analysis method,in order to investigate the possibility of being a chemical classification indicator of Magnoliaceae.The results showed that 29 chromatographic peaks were isolated from the volatile oil of A. cathcartii leaves,and 26 of them were identified,accounting for 92.92% of the volatile matter composition.The chemical constituents of volatile oil from the leaves of A. cathcartii are mainly composed of alcohols and alkenes.The relative percentage of 3-decene accounts for 52.11%,which is the highest percentage of chromatographic peaks in volatile oil of A. cathcartii leaves.The remaining ingredients also include D-limonene(2.59%),Tricyclo[2,2,1,0(2,6)] heptane,1,3,3-trimethyl(2.36%),3-Thujene(9.67%),Trans-à-ocimene(3.77%),(+)-4-carene(2.2%),safrole(2.81%),(-)-Aristolene(2.94%),cadina-1(10),4-diene(4.42%),(?)-trans-nerolidol(2.64%),α-Cadinol(2.14%).The relative content of 3-decene in the chemical constituents of A. cathcartii volatile oil is higher,and it is different from the main components of volatile oils of other species of Magnoliaceae.Therefore,the relative high percentage of 3-decene in A. cathcartii is expected to be used as an important chemical indicator that distinguishes it from other genera of Magnoliaceae.
The volatile oil in the leaves of Aromadendron cathcartii was extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction(SDE).The chemical constituents in the volatile oil were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS)and the peak area normalization method was used to get the relative percentage of each chemical component in the volatile oil.The main chemical components in the volatile oil of A. cathcartii were compared with the chemical constituents of other volatile oils of Magnoliaceae by literature comparison analysis method,in order to investigate the possibility of being a chemical classification indicator of Magnoliaceae.The results showed that 29 chromatographic peaks were isolated from the volatile oil of A. cathcartii leaves,and 26 of them were identified,accounting for 92.92% of the volatile matter composition.The chemical constituents of volatile oil from the leaves of A. cathcartii are mainly composed of alcohols and alkenes.The relative percentage of 3-decene accounts for 52.11%,which is the highest percentage of chromatographic peaks in volatile oil of A. cathcartii leaves.The remaining ingredients also include D-limonene(2.59%),Tricyclo[2,2,1,0(2,6)] heptane,1,3,3-trimethyl(2.36%),3-Thujene(9.67%),Trans-à-ocimene(3.77%),(+)-4-carene(2.2%),safrole(2.81%),(-)-Aristolene(2.94%),cadina-1(10),4-diene(4.42%),(?)-trans-nerolidol(2.64%),α-Cadinol(2.14%).The relative content of 3-decene in the chemical constituents of A. cathcartii volatile oil is higher,and it is different from the main components of volatile oils of other species of Magnoliaceae.Therefore,the relative high percentage of 3-decene in A. cathcartii is expected to be used as an important chemical indicator that distinguishes it from other genera of Magnoliaceae.
引文
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[21]樊二齐,王云华,郭叶,等.6种木兰科植物叶片精油的气质联用(GC-MS)分析[J].浙江农林大学学报,2012,29(2):307-312.
[22]王亚玲,李勇,张寿洲,等.用matK序列分析探讨木兰属植物的系统发育关系[J].植物分类学报,2006,44(2):135-147.
[23]Li J,Conran J G.Phylogenetic relationships in Magnoliaceae subfam.Magnolioideae:a morphological cladistic analysis[J].Plant Systematics and Evolution,2003,242(1-4):33-47.
[24]李晓颍,曹翠玲,武军凯,等.顶空气相色谱-质谱联用法分析两种玉兰花挥发性成分[J].食品科学技术学报,2017,35(5):53-60.
[25]陈华国,杨占南,赵超,等.SPME/GC/MS分析荷花玉兰挥发性成分[J].光谱实验室,2010,27(4):1440-1442.
[2]司马永康,陆树刚,韩明跃,等.木兰科系统分类学研究动态[J].西部林业科学,2012,41(1):116-127.
[3]Nooteboom H P.Notes on Magnoliaceae with a revision of Pachylarnax and Elmerrillia and the Malesian species of Manglietia and Michelia[J].Blumae,1985,31(1):65-121.
[4]袁春明,孟广涛,方向京,等.珍稀濒危植物长蕊木兰种群的年龄结构与空间分布[J].生态学报,2012,32(12):3866-3872.
[5]张雪梅.中国濒危植物长蕊木兰的繁育系统和遗传多样性研究[D].中国科学院昆明植物研究所,2008.
[6]Azuma H,Thien L B,Kawano S.Molecular phylogeny of Magnolia based on chloroplast DNA sequence data(trnK intron,psbA-trnH and atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer regions)and floral scent chemistry.In:Liu Y-H,Fan H-M,Chen Z-Y, et al.Proceeding of the international symposium on the family Magnoliaceae [C].Beijing:Science Press,2000:219-227.
[7]Azuma H,Toyota M,Asakawa Y, et al.Chemical divergence in floral scents of Magnolia and allied genera(Magnoliaceae)[J].Plant Species Biology,1997,12:69-83.
[8]傅大立,赵东欣,孙金花,等.10种国产玉兰属植物挥发油成分及系统学意义[J].林业科学,2005,41(3):68-74.
[9]马惠芬,司马永康,郝佳波,等.3种含笑属植物叶片挥发油化学成分的比较研究[J].西部林业科学,2012,41(2):77-81.
[10]马惠芬,司马永康,郝佳波,等.多脉含笑和醉香含笑挥发油的化学成分研究[J].广东农业科学,2011,38(23):110-113.
[11]徐凤霞,龚洵.长蕊木兰花粉形态观察[J].广西植物,2003,23(4):321-322.
[12]余新林.长蕊木兰发芽试验[J].科技传播,2012,4(9):91-92,104.
[13]夏江林,王桂英.长蕊木兰育苗技术[J].林业科技开发,2004,18(2):65-66.
[14]马加芳,李贵祥,柴勇,等.不同生境的长蕊木兰幼苗春季的光合特性[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(4):43-48.
[15]柴勇,吴涛,邵金平,等.高黎贡山自然保护区长蕊木兰遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(7):1825-1831.
[16]高甜惠,李晓储,何冬宁,等.云南拟单性木兰挥发物质及其抗肿瘤和抑菌活性初步研究[J].中国野生植物资源,2006,25(4):44-46.
[17]马惠芬,司马永康,项伟.天目木兰的挥发性化学成分[J].云南林业科技,2001,30(4):65-67.
[18]刘美凤,蒋利荣,周惠,等.滇桂木莲精油的提取及 GC-MS 分析[J].广州化工,2011,39(21):110-111.
[19]程满环,兰艳素.鹅掌楸叶挥发油化学成分 GC-MS 分析[J].景德镇学院学报,2015,30(6):32-35.
[20]刘美凤,林嘉琪,蒋利荣,等.木兰科植物马关木莲和华盖木精油成分研究[J].广州化工,2016,44(21):31-33.
[21]樊二齐,王云华,郭叶,等.6种木兰科植物叶片精油的气质联用(GC-MS)分析[J].浙江农林大学学报,2012,29(2):307-312.
[22]王亚玲,李勇,张寿洲,等.用matK序列分析探讨木兰属植物的系统发育关系[J].植物分类学报,2006,44(2):135-147.
[23]Li J,Conran J G.Phylogenetic relationships in Magnoliaceae subfam.Magnolioideae:a morphological cladistic analysis[J].Plant Systematics and Evolution,2003,242(1-4):33-47.
[24]李晓颍,曹翠玲,武军凯,等.顶空气相色谱-质谱联用法分析两种玉兰花挥发性成分[J].食品科学技术学报,2017,35(5):53-60.
[25]陈华国,杨占南,赵超,等.SPME/GC/MS分析荷花玉兰挥发性成分[J].光谱实验室,2010,27(4):1440-1442.
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