高速主轴在线动平衡控制策略与实验研究
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摘要
针对高速主轴机械式电机驱动平衡装置存在错调、平衡时间长等对主轴旋转精度造成的破坏问题,采用影响系数法无线控制在线动平衡作为试验调控手段,并提出解决方法。搭建实验平台,利用平衡装置在手动平衡的条件下多次实验,针对质量块移动方式总结出质量块移动策略,并对该移动策略进行仿真和实验验证,通过实验效果选出最佳移动方案。结果表明:该移动策略设计合理,可准确调整质量块,平衡时间短,达到预期效果;利用影响系数法对主轴在线动平衡,振幅降低明显,平衡精度、效率提高,为高速机械主轴在线动平衡调控提供依据。
In order to solve the spindle rotation accuracy deterioration which was caused by the wrong and long timely balancing when applying mechanical motor drive balancing device, the influence coefficient method under none-line control online dynamic balancing is applied and the solution is discovered. The experiment platform was erected. Many trials were done by using the balance device in a manual way. Discoveries of the balancing weights moving strategies were made, and simulations were also tested by experiments. Given the final moving outcomes, the best moving path was selected. Results indicate that the balancing weights design is reasonable, which can adjust the weights timely and cut balancing time. The final outcomes meet the expectation. The spindle amplitude is decreased significantly and the balance efficiency also improved by applying the online dynamic balancing method. Such achievements can hold an important meaning and provide regulation strategies for the online dynamic balancing control technique.
In order to solve the spindle rotation accuracy deterioration which was caused by the wrong and long timely balancing when applying mechanical motor drive balancing device, the influence coefficient method under none-line control online dynamic balancing is applied and the solution is discovered. The experiment platform was erected. Many trials were done by using the balance device in a manual way. Discoveries of the balancing weights moving strategies were made, and simulations were also tested by experiments. Given the final moving outcomes, the best moving path was selected. Results indicate that the balancing weights design is reasonable, which can adjust the weights timely and cut balancing time. The final outcomes meet the expectation. The spindle amplitude is decreased significantly and the balance efficiency also improved by applying the online dynamic balancing method. Such achievements can hold an important meaning and provide regulation strategies for the online dynamic balancing control technique.
引文
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[9]潘鑫,吴海琦,高金吉.旋转机械气压液体式不平衡振动故障靶向自愈调控系统[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(1):146-152.PAN X,WU H Q,GAO J J.Rotating Machinery Targeting Self-recovery Regulation System for Imbalance Vibration Fault with Liquid-transfer Active Balancing Device[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(1):146-152.
[10]王维民,高金吉,江志农,等.旋转机械无试重现场动平衡原理与应用[J].振动与冲击,2010(2):212-215.WANG W M,GAO J J,JIANG Z N,et al.Effect of Impact Load on Threaded Connection of an Aircraft Landing Gear[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010(2):212-215.
[11]MOON J D,KIM B S,LEE S H.Development of the Active Balancing Device for High-Speed Spindle System Using Influence Coefficients[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2006,46(9):978-987.
[12]XU X,FAN P P.Rigid Rotor Dynamic Balancing by Two-Plane Correction with the Influence Coefficient Method[J].Applied Mechanics & Materials,2013,365-366:211-215.
[13]纪跃波.弱非平稳转速下转子动平衡方法[J].振动、测试与诊断,2012,32(4):596-601+689.JI Y B.Dynamic Balancing of the Rotor with Weakly Non-stationary Rotational Speed[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis,2012,32(4):596-601+689.
[2]赵学森,陈龙,李增强.超精密机床主轴在线动平衡装置研究现状[J].航空精密制造技术,2014,50(5):6-9.ZHAO X S,CHEN L,LI Z Q.Status Research of Active Balancing Machine for Spindle of Ultra-precision Machine Tool[J].Aviation Precision Manufacturing Technology,2014,50(5):6-9.
[3]曹晰,陈立芳,高金吉.用于转子自动平衡的双盘电磁型平衡头移动控制方法研究[J].北京化工大学学报(自然科学版).2010,37(4):121-125.CAO X,CHEN L F,GAO J J.Study of Bi-Disc Electromagnetic Balancer Movement Control for Rotor Auto-Balancing[J].Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition),2010,37(4):121-125.
[4]刘钢旗,郑龙席,梅庆,等.一种跨二阶柔性转子无试重模态平衡方法[J].航空学报,2014,35(4):1019-1025.LIU G Q,ZHENG L X,MEI Q,et al.Balancing Method of Flexible Rotor Across Second Order Without Trial Weights[J].Acta Aeronautica ET Astronautica Sinica,2014,35(4):1019-1025.
[5]尹明泉,景敏卿,刘恒,等.高速磨削过程在线自动动平衡控制方法及仿真研究[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2011(12):44-48.YIN M Q,JING M Q,LIU H,et al.Simulation and Research of Automatic Balance Control for High Speed Grinding Process[J].Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique,2011(12):44-48.
[6]李勇,陆永平.永磁差频电动平衡头的振动控制实验研究[J].振动工程学报,2000,13(2):302-306.LI Y,LU Y P.Experimental Study on Vibration Control of a PMDF Electric Blancing Head[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2000,13(2):302-306.
[7]陈立芳,吴海琦,王维民,等.双配重平衡头无错调控制算法研究[J].北京化工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,39(2):89-94.CHEN L F,WU H Q,WANG W M,et al.A Study of an Error-Free Movement Control Algorithm for a Bi-Disc Balancer[J].Journal of Beijing Univer-sity of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition),2012,39(2):89-94.
[8]顾超华,曾胜,罗迪威,等.一种机械式在线平衡头的设计与实验研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(12):151-155.GU C H,ZENG S,LUO D W,et al.Design and Tests for a Mechanical Type of Online Balancing Actuator[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(12):151-155.
[9]潘鑫,吴海琦,高金吉.旋转机械气压液体式不平衡振动故障靶向自愈调控系统[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(1):146-152.PAN X,WU H Q,GAO J J.Rotating Machinery Targeting Self-recovery Regulation System for Imbalance Vibration Fault with Liquid-transfer Active Balancing Device[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(1):146-152.
[10]王维民,高金吉,江志农,等.旋转机械无试重现场动平衡原理与应用[J].振动与冲击,2010(2):212-215.WANG W M,GAO J J,JIANG Z N,et al.Effect of Impact Load on Threaded Connection of an Aircraft Landing Gear[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010(2):212-215.
[11]MOON J D,KIM B S,LEE S H.Development of the Active Balancing Device for High-Speed Spindle System Using Influence Coefficients[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2006,46(9):978-987.
[12]XU X,FAN P P.Rigid Rotor Dynamic Balancing by Two-Plane Correction with the Influence Coefficient Method[J].Applied Mechanics & Materials,2013,365-366:211-215.
[13]纪跃波.弱非平稳转速下转子动平衡方法[J].振动、测试与诊断,2012,32(4):596-601+689.JI Y B.Dynamic Balancing of the Rotor with Weakly Non-stationary Rotational Speed[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis,2012,32(4):596-601+689.