适用于风电并网的VSC-HVDC系统模型预测控制
|
摘要
针对风电并网的电压源换流器高压直流输电(VSC-HVDC)系统的传统双闭环控制策略存在控制结构复杂、PI参数较多且难以整定、响应速度慢等问题,提出适用于风电并网的VSC-HVDC系统模型预测控制策略。为了提高风电场母线交流电压的控制精度,风电场侧换流器(WFVSC)采用基于优化模型预测的定交流电压控制,提出滞后补偿两步预测法,并将模型预测控制与脉宽调制(PWM)技术相结合,求取2个控制周期内调制波的最优解,然后经过调制单元生成开关信号作用于WFVSC。网侧换流器(GSVSC)采用有限控制集模型预测功率控制,基于GSVSC的离散数学模型,利用代价函数遍历寻优找出使代价函数最小的开关状态组合作用于GSVSC。基于所提模型预测控制的VSC-HVDC系统具有良好的稳态性能、动态性能和故障恢复性能,能为风电场提供稳定的交流电压。仿真结果验证了所提控制策略的可行性和有效性。
The traditional double-closed-loop control strategy of VSC-HVDC(Voltage Source Converter based High Voltage Direct Current) system with wind power integration has many problems,such as complex control structure,many PI parameters which are difficult to be set,slow response speed,and so on. In order to solve the above pro-blems,a model predictive control strategy of VSC-HVDC system for wind power integration is proposed. To improve the control precision of AC voltage of wind farm bus,WFVSC(Wind Farm VSC) adopts the constant AC voltage control based on the optimized model predictive control and a two-step prediction method with time-delay compensation is proposed. The model predictive control is combined with PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) technology to obtain the optimal solution of modulating wave in two control cycles,and then the switching signal is generated by the modulating unit to act on the WFVSC. GSVSC(Grid Side VSC) adopts the finite control set model predictive power control. Based on the discrete mathematical model of GSVSC,the switching state combination which minimizes the cost function is found to act on GSVSC by cost function ergodic optimization. The VSC-HVDC system based on the proposed model predictive control has good steady-state performance,dynamic performance and fault recovery performance,and can provide stable AC voltage for wind farm. Simulative results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
The traditional double-closed-loop control strategy of VSC-HVDC(Voltage Source Converter based High Voltage Direct Current) system with wind power integration has many problems,such as complex control structure,many PI parameters which are difficult to be set,slow response speed,and so on. In order to solve the above pro-blems,a model predictive control strategy of VSC-HVDC system for wind power integration is proposed. To improve the control precision of AC voltage of wind farm bus,WFVSC(Wind Farm VSC) adopts the constant AC voltage control based on the optimized model predictive control and a two-step prediction method with time-delay compensation is proposed. The model predictive control is combined with PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) technology to obtain the optimal solution of modulating wave in two control cycles,and then the switching signal is generated by the modulating unit to act on the WFVSC. GSVSC(Grid Side VSC) adopts the finite control set model predictive power control. Based on the discrete mathematical model of GSVSC,the switching state combination which minimizes the cost function is found to act on GSVSC by cost function ergodic optimization. The VSC-HVDC system based on the proposed model predictive control has good steady-state performance,dynamic performance and fault recovery performance,and can provide stable AC voltage for wind farm. Simulative results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
引文
[1] 江道灼,谷泓杰,尹瑞,等.海上直流风电场研究现状及发展前景[J].电网技术,2015,39(9):2424-2431.JIANG Daozhuo,GU Hongjie,YIN Rui,et al.Research status and developing prospect of offshore wind farm with pure DC systems[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(9):2424-2431.
[2] 徐殿国,刘瑜超,武健,等.多端直流输电系统控制研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(17):1-12.XU Dianguo,LIU Yuchao,WU Jian,et al.Review on control strategies of multi-terminal direct current transmission system[J].Tran-sactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(17):1-12.
[3] 王志新,吴杰,徐烈,等.大型海上风电场并网VSC-HVDC变流器关键技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(19):14-26.WANG Zhixin,WU Jie,XU Lie,et al.Key technologies of large offshore wind farm VSC-HVDC converters for grid integration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(19):14-26.
[4] ZHAO H R,WU Q W,GUO Q L,et al.Coordinated voltage control of a wind farm based on model predictive control[J].IEEE Tran-sactions on Sustainable Energy,2016,7(4):1440-1451.
[5] SAKAMURI J N,RATHER Z H,RIMEZ J,et al.Coordinated voltage control in offshore HVDC connected cluster of wind power plants[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2016,7(4):1592-1601.
[6] 邓知先,宋文胜,曹梦华.单相PWM整流器模型预测电流控制算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(11):2996-3004.DENG Zhixian,SONG Wensheng,CAO Menghua.A model predic-tive current control scheme for single-phase PWM rectifiers[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(11):2996-3004.
[7] 朱晓雨,王丹,彭周华,等.三相电压型逆变器的延时补偿模型预测控制[J].电机与控制应用,2015,42(9):1-7,13.ZHU Xiaoyu,WANG Dan,PENG Zhouhua,et al.Performance ana-lysis of delay compensation in model predictive control for three-phase inverter[J].Electric Machines & Control Application,2015,42(9):1-7,13.
[8] SEBAALY F,VAHEDI H,KANAAN H Y,et al.Finite control set model predictive controller for grid connected inverter design[C]//2016 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology(ICIT).Tampa,FL,USA:IEEE,2016:1208-1213.
[9] 李宁,李颖晖,韩建定,等.基于混合逻辑动态模型的三相逆变电路有限控制集模型预测控制策略[J].电网技术,2014,38(2):375-380.LI Ning,LI Yinghui,HAN Jianding,et al.FCS-MPC strategy for inverters based on MLD model[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(2):375-380.
[10] 高逍男,陈希有.一种改进的永磁同步电机模型预测控制[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(4):197-202.GAO Xiaonan,CHEN Xiyou.Improved model predictive control of permanent magnet synchronous motor[J].Electric Power Automa-tion Equipment,2017,37(4):197-202.
[11] 张永昌,杨海涛,魏香龙,等.基于快速矢量选择的永磁同步电机模型预测控制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(6):66-73.ZHANG Yongchang,YANG Haitao,WEI Xianglong,et al.Model pre-dictive control of permanent magnet synchronous motors based on fast vector selection[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(6):66-73.
[12] GREGOR R,BARRERO F,TORAL S L,et al.Predictive-space vector PWM current control method for asymmetrical dual three-phase induction motor drives[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2010,4(1):26-34.
[13] 罗德荣,周小艳,姬小豪,等.基于虚拟磁链的PWM整流器模型预测直接功率控制[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(12):123-129.LUO Derong,ZHOU Xiaoyan,JI Xiaohao,et al.Virtual-flux-based model predictive direct power control for PWM rectifiers[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(12):123-129.
[14] AGUILERA R P,LEZANA P,QUEVEDO D E.Switched model predictive control for improved transient and steady-state perfor-mance[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2015,11(4):968-977.
[15] ZOU J Q,XU W,LIU Y,et al.Multistep model predictive control for permanent magnet synchronous machine[C]//2017 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition(APEC).Tampa,FL,USA:IEEE,2017:525-531.
[16] 梁营玉,刘涛,李岩,等.T型三电平VSC-HVDC系统模型预测灵活功率控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(11):113-119.LIANG Yingyu,LIU Tao,LI Yan,et al.Model predictive flexible power control strategy for T-type three-level converter based on VSC-HVDC[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(11):113-119.
[17] WANG X H,SUN D.Three-vector-based low-complexity model predictive direct power control strategy for doubly fed induction generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(1):773-782.
[18] 马宏伟,李永东,郑泽东,等.一种PWM整流器的模型预测控制方法[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(11):21-25.MA Hongwei,LI Yongdong,ZHENG Zedong,et al.Model predictive control of PWM rectifier[J].Electric Power Automation Equip-ment,2013,33(11):21-25.
[19] CORTES P,ORTIZ G,YUZ J I,et al.Model predictive control of an inverter with output filter for UPS applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2009,56(6):1875-1883.
[20] 宋战锋,夏长亮,谷鑫,等.静止坐标系下基于最优时间序列的电压型PWM整流器电流预测控制[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(3):234-240.SONG Zhanfeng,XIA Changliang,GU Xin,et al.Stationary frame current regulation of PWM rectifiers based on predictive control[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(3):234-240.
[2] 徐殿国,刘瑜超,武健,等.多端直流输电系统控制研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(17):1-12.XU Dianguo,LIU Yuchao,WU Jian,et al.Review on control strategies of multi-terminal direct current transmission system[J].Tran-sactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(17):1-12.
[3] 王志新,吴杰,徐烈,等.大型海上风电场并网VSC-HVDC变流器关键技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(19):14-26.WANG Zhixin,WU Jie,XU Lie,et al.Key technologies of large offshore wind farm VSC-HVDC converters for grid integration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(19):14-26.
[4] ZHAO H R,WU Q W,GUO Q L,et al.Coordinated voltage control of a wind farm based on model predictive control[J].IEEE Tran-sactions on Sustainable Energy,2016,7(4):1440-1451.
[5] SAKAMURI J N,RATHER Z H,RIMEZ J,et al.Coordinated voltage control in offshore HVDC connected cluster of wind power plants[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2016,7(4):1592-1601.
[6] 邓知先,宋文胜,曹梦华.单相PWM整流器模型预测电流控制算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(11):2996-3004.DENG Zhixian,SONG Wensheng,CAO Menghua.A model predic-tive current control scheme for single-phase PWM rectifiers[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(11):2996-3004.
[7] 朱晓雨,王丹,彭周华,等.三相电压型逆变器的延时补偿模型预测控制[J].电机与控制应用,2015,42(9):1-7,13.ZHU Xiaoyu,WANG Dan,PENG Zhouhua,et al.Performance ana-lysis of delay compensation in model predictive control for three-phase inverter[J].Electric Machines & Control Application,2015,42(9):1-7,13.
[8] SEBAALY F,VAHEDI H,KANAAN H Y,et al.Finite control set model predictive controller for grid connected inverter design[C]//2016 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology(ICIT).Tampa,FL,USA:IEEE,2016:1208-1213.
[9] 李宁,李颖晖,韩建定,等.基于混合逻辑动态模型的三相逆变电路有限控制集模型预测控制策略[J].电网技术,2014,38(2):375-380.LI Ning,LI Yinghui,HAN Jianding,et al.FCS-MPC strategy for inverters based on MLD model[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(2):375-380.
[10] 高逍男,陈希有.一种改进的永磁同步电机模型预测控制[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(4):197-202.GAO Xiaonan,CHEN Xiyou.Improved model predictive control of permanent magnet synchronous motor[J].Electric Power Automa-tion Equipment,2017,37(4):197-202.
[11] 张永昌,杨海涛,魏香龙,等.基于快速矢量选择的永磁同步电机模型预测控制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(6):66-73.ZHANG Yongchang,YANG Haitao,WEI Xianglong,et al.Model pre-dictive control of permanent magnet synchronous motors based on fast vector selection[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(6):66-73.
[12] GREGOR R,BARRERO F,TORAL S L,et al.Predictive-space vector PWM current control method for asymmetrical dual three-phase induction motor drives[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2010,4(1):26-34.
[13] 罗德荣,周小艳,姬小豪,等.基于虚拟磁链的PWM整流器模型预测直接功率控制[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(12):123-129.LUO Derong,ZHOU Xiaoyan,JI Xiaohao,et al.Virtual-flux-based model predictive direct power control for PWM rectifiers[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(12):123-129.
[14] AGUILERA R P,LEZANA P,QUEVEDO D E.Switched model predictive control for improved transient and steady-state perfor-mance[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2015,11(4):968-977.
[15] ZOU J Q,XU W,LIU Y,et al.Multistep model predictive control for permanent magnet synchronous machine[C]//2017 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition(APEC).Tampa,FL,USA:IEEE,2017:525-531.
[16] 梁营玉,刘涛,李岩,等.T型三电平VSC-HVDC系统模型预测灵活功率控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(11):113-119.LIANG Yingyu,LIU Tao,LI Yan,et al.Model predictive flexible power control strategy for T-type three-level converter based on VSC-HVDC[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(11):113-119.
[17] WANG X H,SUN D.Three-vector-based low-complexity model predictive direct power control strategy for doubly fed induction generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(1):773-782.
[18] 马宏伟,李永东,郑泽东,等.一种PWM整流器的模型预测控制方法[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(11):21-25.MA Hongwei,LI Yongdong,ZHENG Zedong,et al.Model predictive control of PWM rectifier[J].Electric Power Automation Equip-ment,2013,33(11):21-25.
[19] CORTES P,ORTIZ G,YUZ J I,et al.Model predictive control of an inverter with output filter for UPS applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2009,56(6):1875-1883.
[20] 宋战锋,夏长亮,谷鑫,等.静止坐标系下基于最优时间序列的电压型PWM整流器电流预测控制[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(3):234-240.SONG Zhanfeng,XIA Changliang,GU Xin,et al.Stationary frame current regulation of PWM rectifiers based on predictive control[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(3):234-240.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |