煤矿泥岩冲击动态力学特性与破裂破碎特征分析
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摘要
煤矿巷道围岩在采掘过程中受多种动载作用,为了研究动载对围岩破坏变形的影响,通过直径50 mm分离式Hopkinson试验装置开展不同冲击气压下煤矿常见泥岩在冲击荷载作用下的动态力学特性和破裂破碎特征试验,研究了不同冲击气压状态下试件应力应变特征、破坏形态和试件动态强度随应变率增长规律,分析了试验过程中应力波传播与试件裂纹扩展的关系。结果表明:在设定的试验条件下,泥岩试件的加载率、应变率和峰值应变均表现出随冲击气压的增大而增大;试件的动态单轴抗压强度随着应变率的增加呈现指数型增长,表现出强应变率效应;试件在反射应力波与透射应力波共同作用下,产生环向拉裂破坏和轴向劈裂破坏。
In order to study the influence of dynamic load on surrounding rock of soft rock roadway in coal mines, a diameter 50 mm separated Hopkinson test device was used to test the dynamic mechanical characteristics and fracture characteristics of common mudstone under impact loading in a coal mine under different impact pressures. Combined with the failure modes of specimens, the dynamic mechanical parameters of specimens under different impact pressures were analyzed. The results of the study show that: the growth rate of stress, strain and the maximum strain of the mudstone increase with the impact pressure; the dynamic uniaxial compressive strength of mudstone show exponential growth with the strain rate, which shows strong strain rate effect; the shale test specimen is in the reflection stress wave and transmission stress; under the combined action of the reflected stress wave and the transmission stress wave, the mudstone specimen produces circumferential failure and axial splitting failure.
In order to study the influence of dynamic load on surrounding rock of soft rock roadway in coal mines, a diameter 50 mm separated Hopkinson test device was used to test the dynamic mechanical characteristics and fracture characteristics of common mudstone under impact loading in a coal mine under different impact pressures. Combined with the failure modes of specimens, the dynamic mechanical parameters of specimens under different impact pressures were analyzed. The results of the study show that: the growth rate of stress, strain and the maximum strain of the mudstone increase with the impact pressure; the dynamic uniaxial compressive strength of mudstone show exponential growth with the strain rate, which shows strong strain rate effect; the shale test specimen is in the reflection stress wave and transmission stress; under the combined action of the reflected stress wave and the transmission stress wave, the mudstone specimen produces circumferential failure and axial splitting failure.
引文
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[16]解北京,王新艳,吕平洋.层理煤岩SHPB冲击破坏动态力学特性试验[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(21):117-124.XIE Beijing,WANG Xinyan,LPingyang.Dynamic mechanical properties of bedding coal and rock impact damage SHPB testing[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(21):117-124.
[2]柴肇云,郭卫卫,陈维毅,等.泥岩孔裂隙分布特征及其对吸水性的影响[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(增刊1):75-80.CHAI Zhaoyun,GUO Weiwei,CHEN Weiyi,et al.Distribution characteristics of mudstone pore-fracture andits influence on absorption[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(Sup1):75-80.
[3]李夕兵.岩石动力学基础与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.
[4]李铁,张建伟,吕毓国,等.采掘活动与矿震关系[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(12):2127-2132.LI Tie,ZHANG Jianwei,LYuguo,et al.Relationship between mining and mining-induced seismicity[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(12):2127-2132.
[5]姜耀东,潘一山,姜福兴,等.我国煤炭开采中的冲击地压机理和防治[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2):205-213.JIANG Yaodong,PAN Yishan,JIANG Fuxing,et al.State of the art review on mechanism and prevention of coal bumps in China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(2):205-213.
[6]张梅英,赵宪.泥岩的微结构特征及其工程性质[J].电子显微学报,1988(3):261.ZHANG Meiying,ZHAO Xian.Microstructural characteristics and engineering properties of mudstone[J].Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society,1988(3):261.
[7]刘朝科,任建喜.煤矿巷道底板泥岩三轴蠕变特性试验研究[J].煤炭技术,2016,35(1):57-60.LIU Chaoke,REN Jianxi.Study of creep properties of roadway floor mudstone under triaxialcompression[J].Coal Technology,2016,35(1):57-60.
[8]高春艳,高全臣,江斌,等.朱集煤矿泥岩的流变试验与本构模型研究[J].长江科学院院报,2015,32(5):76-81.GAO Chunyan,GAO Quanchen,JANG Bin,et al.Rheological test and constitutive model of mudstone of zhuji coal mine[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2015,32(5):76-81.
[9]李海波,王建伟,李俊如,等.单轴压缩下软岩的动态力学特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(1):1-4.LI Haibo,WANG Jianwei,LI Junru,et al.Mechanical properties of soft rock under dynamic uniaxial compression[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(1):1-4.
[10]李晓锋,李海波,刘凯,等.冲击荷载作用下岩石动态力学特性及破特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(10):2393-2405.LI Xiaofeng,LI Haibo,LIU Kai.Dynamic properties and fracture characteristics of rocks subject to impact loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(10):2393-2405.
[11]赵光明,谢理想,孟祥瑞.软岩的动态力学本构模型[J].爆炸与冲击,2013,33(2):126-132.ZHAO Guangming,XIE Lixiang,MENG Xiangrui.Dynamic mechanical constitutive model of soft rock[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2013,33(2):126-132.
[12]宋力,胡时胜.SHPB数据处理中的二波法与三波法[J].爆炸与冲击,2005,25(4):368-373.SONG Li,HU Shisheng.Two-wave and three-wave method in SHPB data processing[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2005,25(4):368-373.
[13]卢芳云,陈荣,林玉亮,等.霍普金森压杆试验技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.
[14]陶俊林,陈裕泽,田常津,等.SHPB系统圆柱形试件的惯性效应分析[J].固体力学学报,2005,26(1):107-110.TAO Junlin,CHEN Yuze,TIAN Changjin,et al.Analysis of the inertial effect of the cylindrical specimen in SHPB system[J].Acta Mechanica Solida Sinca,2005,26(1):107-110.
[15]LANKFOD J.The role of tensile microfracture in the strain rate dependence of compressive strength of finegrained limestone-analogy with strong ceramics[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science&Geomechanics Abstracts,1981,18:173-175.
[16]解北京,王新艳,吕平洋.层理煤岩SHPB冲击破坏动态力学特性试验[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(21):117-124.XIE Beijing,WANG Xinyan,LPingyang.Dynamic mechanical properties of bedding coal and rock impact damage SHPB testing[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(21):117-124.