基于ROTDR的变压器绕组温度测量方法研究
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摘要
为实现油浸式电力变压器绕组运行温度的分布式测量,及早发现绕组异常温升等问题,文中提出了一种基于Raman光时域反射计(ROTDR)的变压器绕组温度测量方法。该方法通过在变压器绕组中预埋分布式光纤,并依据拉曼散射原理来直接测量绕组温度。设计并研制了敷设分布式光纤的电磁线和绕组模型,并根据测量要求对电磁线结构和绕组绕制工艺进行了改进,利用分布式光纤测温系统对敷设分布式光纤的电磁线温度传感性能和绕组模型进行了试验。试验结果表明:基于该方法的温度测量误差≤2℃,满足变压器绕组温度测量的要求,且该方法还可以对绕组温升位置进行定位。
To realize the distributed measurement of operating temperature of the oil-immersed power transformer winding and find abnormal temperature rise of the winding as soon as possible,a temperature measurement method oftransformer winding based on Raman optical time-domain reflectometer(ROTDR)is proposed. In this method,the dis-tributed optical fiber is preburied in the transformer winding and the temperature of the winding is measured directlyaccording to the principle of Raman scattering. An electromagnetic wire and winding model with distributed optical fi-ber is designed,and the electromagnetic wire structure and winding process are improved according to the measure-ment requirements. The distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system is employed to test the tempera-ture sensing performance of the electromagnetic wire with distributed optical fiber and the winding model. The re-sults show that the temperature measurement error is less than or equal to 2 ℃,meeting the precision of temperature measurement of transformer winding,and this method can also be used to locate winding temperature rise.
To realize the distributed measurement of operating temperature of the oil-immersed power transformer winding and find abnormal temperature rise of the winding as soon as possible,a temperature measurement method oftransformer winding based on Raman optical time-domain reflectometer(ROTDR)is proposed. In this method,the dis-tributed optical fiber is preburied in the transformer winding and the temperature of the winding is measured directlyaccording to the principle of Raman scattering. An electromagnetic wire and winding model with distributed optical fi-ber is designed,and the electromagnetic wire structure and winding process are improved according to the measure-ment requirements. The distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system is employed to test the tempera-ture sensing performance of the electromagnetic wire with distributed optical fiber and the winding model. The re-sults show that the temperature measurement error is less than or equal to 2 ℃,meeting the precision of temperature measurement of transformer winding,and this method can also be used to locate winding temperature rise.
引文
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[8]夏彦卫,张建涛,谢庆.一种油浸式电力变压器绕组温升工程计算方法[J].高压电器,2017,53(9):176-180.XIA Yanwei,ZHANG Jiantao,XIE Qing. Engineering calculation method for winding temperature rise of oil immersed power transformer[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(9):176-180.
[9]刘军,陈伟根,赵建保.基于光纤光栅传感器的变压器内部温度测量技术[J].高电压技术,2009,35(3):539-543.LIU Jun,CHEN Weigen,ZHAO Jianbao. Measurement technology of transformer internal temperature based on FBG sensors[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(3):539-543.
[10]邓建钢,郭涛,徐秋元,等.变压器绕组测温光纤光栅传感器设计及性能测试[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1348-1355.DENG Jiangang,GUO Tao,XU Qiuyuan,et al. Design and performance test for fiber bragg grating sensors of transformer winding temperature measurement[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1348-1355.
[11] SWIFT G,MOLINSKI T S,LEHN W. A fundamental approach to transformer thermal modeling-part I:Theory and equivalment circuit[J]. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,2001,16(2):171-175.
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[13]杨平,刘佳.一种电力变压器热点温度计算模型[J].变压器,2013,50(12):24-28.YANG Ping,LIU Jia. Calculation model of hot spot temperatureofpowertransformer[J].Transformer,2013,50(12):24-28.
[14]滕黎,陈伟根,孙才新.油浸式电力变压器动态热路改进模型[J].电网技术,2012,36(4):236-241.TENG Li,CHEN Weigen,SUN Caixin. An improved dynasmic thermal circuit model of oil-immersed power transformer[J]. Power System Technology,2012,36(4):236-241.
[15] SUSA D,LEHTONEN M,NORDMAN H. Dynamic thermal modelling of power transformers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005,20(1):197-204.
[16]谢裕清,李琳,宋雅吾,等.油浸式电力变压器绕组温升的多物理场耦合计算方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5957-5965.XIE Yuqing,LI Lin,SONG Yawu,et al. Multi-physical field coupled method ffor temperature rise of wingding in oil-immersed power transformer[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(21):5957-5965.
[17]王红宇,苏鹏声,王祥珩,等.油浸式大型电力变压器表面温度预测模型[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2005,45(4):569-572.WANG Hongyu,SU Pengsheng,WANG Xianghang,et al.Prediction of surface temperatures of large oil-immersed power transformers[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science&Technology),2005,45(4):569-572.
[18]李剑,刘兴鹏,王有元,等.以箱壁温度为判据的油浸式变压器绕组热点温度计算模型及试验分析[J].高电压技术,2011,37(10):2344-2349.LI Jian,LIU Xingpeng,WANG Youyuan,et al. Model of hot spot temperature in oil-immersed transformers using temperature estimation of tank wall[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(10):2344-2349.
[19]王丰华,周翔,高沛,等.基于绕组热分布的改进油浸式变压器绕组热点温度计算模型[J].高电压技术,2015,41(3):895-901.WANG Fenghua,ZHOU Xiang,GAO Pei,et al. Improved thermal circuit model of hot spot temperature in oil-immersed transformers based on heat distribution of winding[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(3):895-901.
[20]律方成,马伦,王柳,等.基于DGM的油浸式变压器热点温度计算[J].高压电器,2015,51(3):28-34.LYU Fangcheng,MA Lun,WANG Liu,et al. Calculation of winding hot spot temperature of oil immersed transformer by the discontinuous galerkin method[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2015,51(3):28-34.
[21]陈伟根,赵涛,江淘莎,等.改进的变压器绕组热点温度估算方法[J].高压电器,2009,45(1):53-56.CHEN Weigen,ZHAO Tao,JIANG Taosha,et al. Improved method for calculation of hot-spot temperature in power transformer[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2009,45(1):53-56.
[22]罗健斌,郝艳捧,叶青,等.利用光纤光栅传感器测量输电线路覆冰荷载试验[J].高电压技术,2014,40(2):405-412.LUO Jianbin,HAO Yanpeng,YE Qing,et al. Measurement for icing load of transmission lines using fiber bragg grating sensor[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(2):405-412.
[23]李荣伟,刘健夫,杨志,等.分布式光纤温度和应变传感技术的研究进展[J].光通信研究,2010(3):44-47.LI Rongwei,LIU Jianfu,YANG Zhi,et al. Advances in the research on distributed optical fiber temperature and strain sensing[J]. Study on Optical Communications,2010(3):44-47.
[24] SHIMIZU K,HORIGUCHI T,KOYAMADA Y,et al. Coherent self-heterodyne Brillouin OTDR for measurement of Brillouin frequency shift distribution in optical fibers[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,1994,12(5):730-736.
[25]刘云鹏,田源,姜烁,等.光纤护套材料对变压器油热老化特性影响研究[J].绝缘材料,2017,50(12):54-59.LIU Yunpeng,TIAN Yuan,JIANG Shuo,et al. Effect of optical sheath on thermal ageing characteristics of transformer oil[J]. Insulating Materials,2017,50(12):54-59.
[2]赵振刚,姜飞,李英娜,等.变压器绕组的风冷散热热路模型与FBG测温[J].高电压技术,2017,43(12):3938-3943.ZHAO Zhengang,JIANG Fei,LI Yingna,et al. Air-cooled thermal circuit model and FBG temperature measurement of transformer winding[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(12):3938-3943.
[3]李鑫,徐晓刚,邓建刚,等. 35 kV油浸式变压器绕组热点温度计算分析[J].高压电器,2017,53(1):144-150.LI Xin,XU Xiaogang,DENG Jiangang,et al. Calculation and analysis of hot spot temperature in 35 kV oil-immersed transformer windings[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(1):144-150.
[4] PRADHAN M K,RAMU T S. Estimation of the hottest spot temperature(HST)in power transformers considering thermal inhomogeneity of the windings[J]. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,2004,19(4):1704-1712.
[5]苏小平.油浸式变压器绕组热点温度计算模型及预测方法研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.SU Xiaoping. Investigation into the calculation model and prediction method of hot-spot temperature for oil-immersed transformers[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University,2012.
[6]丁跃清,吴高林,袁静,等.基于光纤测温技术的变压器绕组热点温度分析研究[J].变压器,2012,49(11):53-57.DING Yueqing,WU Gaolin,YUAN Jing,et al. Analysis and research of hot spot temperature of transformer winding based on optical fiber temperature measurement technology[J]. Transformer,2012,49(11):53-57.
[7]赵振刚,高立慧,李川,等.基于FBG测温与热路模型的绕组热点温度研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2016,37(2):294-300.ZHAO Zhengang,GAO Lihui,LI Chuan,et al. Study on the winding hot-point temperature measurement based on FBG and thermal model[J]. Chinese Journal of Science Instrument,2016,37(2):294-300.
[8]夏彦卫,张建涛,谢庆.一种油浸式电力变压器绕组温升工程计算方法[J].高压电器,2017,53(9):176-180.XIA Yanwei,ZHANG Jiantao,XIE Qing. Engineering calculation method for winding temperature rise of oil immersed power transformer[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(9):176-180.
[9]刘军,陈伟根,赵建保.基于光纤光栅传感器的变压器内部温度测量技术[J].高电压技术,2009,35(3):539-543.LIU Jun,CHEN Weigen,ZHAO Jianbao. Measurement technology of transformer internal temperature based on FBG sensors[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(3):539-543.
[10]邓建钢,郭涛,徐秋元,等.变压器绕组测温光纤光栅传感器设计及性能测试[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1348-1355.DENG Jiangang,GUO Tao,XU Qiuyuan,et al. Design and performance test for fiber bragg grating sensors of transformer winding temperature measurement[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1348-1355.
[11] SWIFT G,MOLINSKI T S,LEHN W. A fundamental approach to transformer thermal modeling-part I:Theory and equivalment circuit[J]. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,2001,16(2):171-175.
[12]江淘莎,李剑,陈伟根,等.油浸式变压器绕组热点温度计算的热路模型[J].高电压技术,2009,35(7):1635-1640.JIANG Taosha,LI Jian,CHEN Weigen,et al. Thermal model for hot spot temperature calculation in oil-immersed transformers[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(7):1635-1640.
[13]杨平,刘佳.一种电力变压器热点温度计算模型[J].变压器,2013,50(12):24-28.YANG Ping,LIU Jia. Calculation model of hot spot temperatureofpowertransformer[J].Transformer,2013,50(12):24-28.
[14]滕黎,陈伟根,孙才新.油浸式电力变压器动态热路改进模型[J].电网技术,2012,36(4):236-241.TENG Li,CHEN Weigen,SUN Caixin. An improved dynasmic thermal circuit model of oil-immersed power transformer[J]. Power System Technology,2012,36(4):236-241.
[15] SUSA D,LEHTONEN M,NORDMAN H. Dynamic thermal modelling of power transformers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005,20(1):197-204.
[16]谢裕清,李琳,宋雅吾,等.油浸式电力变压器绕组温升的多物理场耦合计算方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5957-5965.XIE Yuqing,LI Lin,SONG Yawu,et al. Multi-physical field coupled method ffor temperature rise of wingding in oil-immersed power transformer[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(21):5957-5965.
[17]王红宇,苏鹏声,王祥珩,等.油浸式大型电力变压器表面温度预测模型[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2005,45(4):569-572.WANG Hongyu,SU Pengsheng,WANG Xianghang,et al.Prediction of surface temperatures of large oil-immersed power transformers[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science&Technology),2005,45(4):569-572.
[18]李剑,刘兴鹏,王有元,等.以箱壁温度为判据的油浸式变压器绕组热点温度计算模型及试验分析[J].高电压技术,2011,37(10):2344-2349.LI Jian,LIU Xingpeng,WANG Youyuan,et al. Model of hot spot temperature in oil-immersed transformers using temperature estimation of tank wall[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(10):2344-2349.
[19]王丰华,周翔,高沛,等.基于绕组热分布的改进油浸式变压器绕组热点温度计算模型[J].高电压技术,2015,41(3):895-901.WANG Fenghua,ZHOU Xiang,GAO Pei,et al. Improved thermal circuit model of hot spot temperature in oil-immersed transformers based on heat distribution of winding[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(3):895-901.
[20]律方成,马伦,王柳,等.基于DGM的油浸式变压器热点温度计算[J].高压电器,2015,51(3):28-34.LYU Fangcheng,MA Lun,WANG Liu,et al. Calculation of winding hot spot temperature of oil immersed transformer by the discontinuous galerkin method[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2015,51(3):28-34.
[21]陈伟根,赵涛,江淘莎,等.改进的变压器绕组热点温度估算方法[J].高压电器,2009,45(1):53-56.CHEN Weigen,ZHAO Tao,JIANG Taosha,et al. Improved method for calculation of hot-spot temperature in power transformer[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2009,45(1):53-56.
[22]罗健斌,郝艳捧,叶青,等.利用光纤光栅传感器测量输电线路覆冰荷载试验[J].高电压技术,2014,40(2):405-412.LUO Jianbin,HAO Yanpeng,YE Qing,et al. Measurement for icing load of transmission lines using fiber bragg grating sensor[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(2):405-412.
[23]李荣伟,刘健夫,杨志,等.分布式光纤温度和应变传感技术的研究进展[J].光通信研究,2010(3):44-47.LI Rongwei,LIU Jianfu,YANG Zhi,et al. Advances in the research on distributed optical fiber temperature and strain sensing[J]. Study on Optical Communications,2010(3):44-47.
[24] SHIMIZU K,HORIGUCHI T,KOYAMADA Y,et al. Coherent self-heterodyne Brillouin OTDR for measurement of Brillouin frequency shift distribution in optical fibers[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology,1994,12(5):730-736.
[25]刘云鹏,田源,姜烁,等.光纤护套材料对变压器油热老化特性影响研究[J].绝缘材料,2017,50(12):54-59.LIU Yunpeng,TIAN Yuan,JIANG Shuo,et al. Effect of optical sheath on thermal ageing characteristics of transformer oil[J]. Insulating Materials,2017,50(12):54-59.