中国燃煤电厂电除尘技术发展及应用综述
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摘要
阐述了中国燃煤电厂烟尘排放要求演变及排放特征,回顾了燃煤电厂电除尘技术发展历程,介绍了电除尘技术应用情况,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。中国从20世纪60年代起开展电除尘技术自主研发以来,通过技术引进,消化吸收、再创新,历经五十多年发展,目前技术水平已跻身世界强国之列。中国燃煤电厂烟气"超低排放",及其实现"超低排放"的主流技术备受世界瞩目!电除尘器一直是中国燃煤电厂颗粒物控制的主流设备,可达到10 mg/m~3或5 mg/m~3的超低排放要求,针对高灰煤(A_(ar)>25%)机组,配合湿法脱硫协同除尘,实现颗粒物排放浓度<5 mg/m~3也是可行的。预计未来中国电除尘技术将向节能降耗、协同控制、智能化、标准化、国际化方向发展。
The evolution of emission requirements and emission characteristics of dust from coal-fired power plants in China is described, the development history of electrostatic precipitation technology in coal-fired power plant is reviewed, the application of electrostatic precipitation technology is introduced, and its development trend is prospected. Since the independent research of electrostatic precipitation technology began in 1 960 s, China has already became one of the most dominating countries in the world after more than fifty years of development through the technology, digestion, absorption and re-innovation. The Ultra-low dust emission of coal-fired power plant and the main technology to fulfill the Ultra-low emission has attracted worldwide attention. The electrostatic precipitator has always been the main equipment for particle control in coal-fired power plants, which can meet the requirement of ultra-low emissionof 10 mg/m~3 or 5 mg/m~3. As for the high ash coal(A_(ar)>25%) unit, it is also possible and feasible to realize the concentration of particle emission lower than 5 mg/m~3 through cooperating with wet desulfurization and dust precipitation.It is expected that the direction of dust precipitation technology will be energy saving, cooperative control, intelligence,standardization and internationalization in the future.
The evolution of emission requirements and emission characteristics of dust from coal-fired power plants in China is described, the development history of electrostatic precipitation technology in coal-fired power plant is reviewed, the application of electrostatic precipitation technology is introduced, and its development trend is prospected. Since the independent research of electrostatic precipitation technology began in 1 960 s, China has already became one of the most dominating countries in the world after more than fifty years of development through the technology, digestion, absorption and re-innovation. The Ultra-low dust emission of coal-fired power plant and the main technology to fulfill the Ultra-low emission has attracted worldwide attention. The electrostatic precipitator has always been the main equipment for particle control in coal-fired power plants, which can meet the requirement of ultra-low emissionof 10 mg/m~3 or 5 mg/m~3. As for the high ash coal(A_(ar)>25%) unit, it is also possible and feasible to realize the concentration of particle emission lower than 5 mg/m~3 through cooperating with wet desulfurization and dust precipitation.It is expected that the direction of dust precipitation technology will be energy saving, cooperative control, intelligence,standardization and internationalization in the future.
引文
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[18]中国环境保护产业协会电除尘委员会.我国电除尘行业2013年发展综述[J].中国环保产业,2014(11):4-16.
[19]郦建国,何毓忠,刘含笑,等.低低温电除尘技术特点及在高灰煤超低排放工程中的应用[J].中国电力,2017,50(3):31-33.LI Jianguo,HE Yuzhong,LIU Hanxiao,et al.Characteristics of lowlow temperature ESP technology and its application in ultra-low emissions for high-ash coal-fueled power plant[J].Electric Power,2017,50(3):31-33.
[20]中国环境保护产业协会电除尘委员会.我国电除尘行业2014年发展综述[J].中国环保产业,2015(7):6-15.
[21]中国环境保护产业协会电除尘委员会.我国电除尘行业2015年发展综述[J].中国环保产业,2016(7):16-25,29.
[22]中国环境保护产业协会电除尘委员会.电除尘行业2016年发展综述[J].中国环保产业,2017(5):14-21.
[2]ROHMANN H.Methodezurmessung der gr??e von schwebeteilchen[J].Zeitschrift Für Physik,1923,17(1):253-265.
[3]ARENDT P,KALLMAN H.The mechanism of charging mist particles[J].ZeitschriftFür Physik,1926,35(6):421-441.
[4]WALCOTTR W.Effects of dielectrics on the sparking voltage[J].Journal of the R?ntgen Society,1919,12(4):284-292.
[5]COOPER C D,ALLEY F C.Air pollution control:a design approach[M].Long Grove,USA:Waveland Press,2002:147-149.
[6]闫克平,李树然,冯卫强,等.高电压环境工程应用研究关键技术问题分析及展望[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2528-2544.YAN Keping,LI Shuran,FENG Weiqiang,et al.Analysis and prospect on key technology of high-voltage discharge for environmental engineering study and application[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2528-2544.
[7]环境保护部.火电厂污染防治可行技术指南:HJ 2301-2017[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2017.
[8]中国电力企业联合会.中国煤电清洁发展报告[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2017:45-47.
[9]中国环境保护产业协会.煤电烟气污染控制技术与装备发展报告[R].北京:中国环境保护产业协会,2017:1-2.
[10]国家统计局,环境保护部.中国环境统计年鉴-2016[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016:53.
[11]贺晋瑜,燕丽,雷宇,等.我国燃煤电厂颗粒物排放特征[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(6):862-868.HE Jinyu,YAN Li,LEI Yu,et al.Emission characteristics of particulate matter from coal-fired power plants in China[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(6):862-868.
[12]武亚凤,陈建华,钟连红,等.燃煤锅炉烟气中细颗粒物的排放特征和控制现状[J].环境工程技术学报,2017,7(3):268-277.WU Yafeng,CHEN Jianhua,ZHONG Lianhong,et al.Emission characteristics and control status of fine particles emitted from coalfired boilers[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2017,7(3):268-277.
[13]林尤文,刘卫平.电除尘委员会三十年历程回顾[C]//第十六届中国电除尘学术会议论文集.中国环境保护产业协会电除尘委员会,2015:1-12.
[14]王励前.电除尘委员会成立三十周年的回顾与展望[C]//第十六届中国电除尘学术会议论文集.中国环境保护产业协会电除尘委员会,2015:13-16.
[15]冯斌,黎在时,李宁.电除尘行业协会三十年发展回顾[C]//第十六届中国电除尘学术会议论文集.中国环境保护产业协会电除尘委员会,2015:17-19.
[16]舒英钢.燃煤电厂电除尘技术综述[J].中国环保产业,2013(12):9.
[17]肖宝恒.内蒙古丰泰发电公司2×200 MW机组袋式除尘器的运行情况和技术总结[C]//2005年全国袋式过滤技术研讨会论文集.中国环境保护产业协会,2005.
[18]中国环境保护产业协会电除尘委员会.我国电除尘行业2013年发展综述[J].中国环保产业,2014(11):4-16.
[19]郦建国,何毓忠,刘含笑,等.低低温电除尘技术特点及在高灰煤超低排放工程中的应用[J].中国电力,2017,50(3):31-33.LI Jianguo,HE Yuzhong,LIU Hanxiao,et al.Characteristics of lowlow temperature ESP technology and its application in ultra-low emissions for high-ash coal-fueled power plant[J].Electric Power,2017,50(3):31-33.
[20]中国环境保护产业协会电除尘委员会.我国电除尘行业2014年发展综述[J].中国环保产业,2015(7):6-15.
[21]中国环境保护产业协会电除尘委员会.我国电除尘行业2015年发展综述[J].中国环保产业,2016(7):16-25,29.
[22]中国环境保护产业协会电除尘委员会.电除尘行业2016年发展综述[J].中国环保产业,2017(5):14-21.