A级旅游景区空间分布演化及影响因素研究——以四川省为例
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摘要
基于GIS空间分析软件,采用最邻近指数、核密度分析方法对2008年、2013年和2018年四川省A级旅游景区空间分布演化特征进行研究,并分析四川省DEM、NDVI、河流3个自然因素及交通道路、经济分区两个人文因素对A级景区空间分布的影响.结果显示:(1)研究的3个时间节点中四川省A级旅游景区的空间结构均为聚集类型,聚集的程度先强后弱,然后趋于平稳.(2)整个四川省A级旅游景区核密度强度东高西低,2008—2018年景区高核密度强度区域以成都市为起点,向川东北和川东南方向扩散.(3)四川省自然景区在不同海拔高程区域上均匀分布,多分布于植被茂盛、邻近河流的区域;人文景区大多分布在海拔低区域、对河流水系和交通道路的要求较高;4A级及以上高级别景区对交通和经济的依赖很大.
Based on the GIS spatial analysis software,the nearest neighbor index and nuclear density analysis methodare used to study the spatial distribution evolution characteristics of Sichuan A-level tourist attractions in 2008,2013 and 2018. The paper analyzes the three natural factors of DEM,NDVI and river in Sichuan Province,the influence oftwo human factors on traffic area,and the economic division on the spatial distribution of A-level scenic spots. The resultsshow:(1)In the three time nodes of the study,the spatial structure of the A-level tourist scenic spots in Sichuan Provinceare all aggregation types. The degree of aggregation is strong at first,then weak,and at last tends to be stable.(2)Thenuclear density intensity of the A-level tourist scenic spots in Sichuan Province is high in the east and low in the west.In the past 10 years,the high nuclear density intensity region in the scenic spot has spread from Chengdu to the northeastand southeast of Sichuan.(3)The natural scenic spots in Sichuan Province are evenly distributed in different elevations,and are mostly distributed in areas with the lush vegetation and adjacent rivers. Most of the cultural scenic spots aredistributed in low altitude areas,and the requirements for river water systems and traffic roads are high. The high-levelscenic spots of 4 A grade and above are highly dependent on the transportation and economy.
Based on the GIS spatial analysis software,the nearest neighbor index and nuclear density analysis methodare used to study the spatial distribution evolution characteristics of Sichuan A-level tourist attractions in 2008,2013 and 2018. The paper analyzes the three natural factors of DEM,NDVI and river in Sichuan Province,the influence oftwo human factors on traffic area,and the economic division on the spatial distribution of A-level scenic spots. The resultsshow:(1)In the three time nodes of the study,the spatial structure of the A-level tourist scenic spots in Sichuan Provinceare all aggregation types. The degree of aggregation is strong at first,then weak,and at last tends to be stable.(2)Thenuclear density intensity of the A-level tourist scenic spots in Sichuan Province is high in the east and low in the west.In the past 10 years,the high nuclear density intensity region in the scenic spot has spread from Chengdu to the northeastand southeast of Sichuan.(3)The natural scenic spots in Sichuan Province are evenly distributed in different elevations,and are mostly distributed in areas with the lush vegetation and adjacent rivers. Most of the cultural scenic spots aredistributed in low altitude areas,and the requirements for river water systems and traffic roads are high. The high-levelscenic spots of 4 A grade and above are highly dependent on the transportation and economy.
引文
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[2]吴丽敏,黄震方,周玮,等.江苏省A级旅游景区时空演变特征及其动力机制[J].经济地理,2013,33(8):158-164.
[3]王洪桥,袁家冬,孟祥君.东北地区A级旅游景区空间分布特征及影响因素[J].地理科学,2017,37(6):895-903.
[4]杨红艳,孙根年.城市旅游关键要素供给与游客需求相关性及产能利用率——2005—2014年河南省18个地市的统计分析[J].地理与地理信息科学,2017,33(2):93-99.
[5]齐欣,王昕.成渝经济区旅游景区空间结构研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2013,29(1):105-110.
[6]吴清,李细归,吴黎,等.湖南省A级旅游景区分布格局及空间相关性分析[J].经济地理,2017,37(2):193-200.
[7]吴必虎,唐子颖.旅游吸引物空间结构分析——以中国首批国家4A级旅游区(点)为例[J].人文地理,2003(1):1-5,28.
[8]杨明举,白永平,张晓州,等.中国国家级风景名胜区旅游资源空间结构研究[J].地域研究与开发,2013,32(3):56-60.
[9]王通,刘春玲,马晓倩,等.河北省A级旅游景区时空分布特征分析[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(5):223-228,233.
[10]毛小岗,宋金平,于伟.北京市A级旅游景区空间结构及其演化[J].经济地理,2011,31(8):1381-1386.
[11] LUNDGREN J O J. Tourist impact,island entrepreneurship in the Caribbean[M]. Oxford:Blackwell,1973.
[12] BUTLER R W. Evolution of tourism in the Scottish highlands[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,1985,12(3):371-391.
[13]刘丽梅,吕君.内蒙古A级旅游景区空间结构研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(11):203-208.
[14]郭凌,孙根紧.四川省A级旅游景区空间结构分析[J].统计与决策,2015(24):118-121.
[15]白军利,张辉,王香玉.四川省旅游景区空间分布差异研究[J].地理信息世界,2015,22(1):31-37.
[16]谢志华,吴必虎.中国资源型景区旅游空间结构研究[J].地理科学,2008,28(6):748-753.
[17]王远飞,何洪林.空间数据分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[18]郭来喜,吴必虎,刘锋,等.中国旅游资源分类系统与类型评价[J].地理学报,2000(3):294-301.
[19]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.旅游资源分类、调查与评价:GB/T18972—2017[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.