上海农村居民点用地布局与演变特征分析
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摘要
分析上海农村居民点用地总量与人均指标的空间布局及演变特征,辨识农村居民点空间分布与发展规律,为农村居民点空间发展战略与规划编制提供依据。研究方法:规范研究法、聚集度指数法、回归分析法、空间热力图分析法。研究结果:农村居民点规模小布局分散、道路河流指向性明显;农村居民点规模、全域聚集度、耕地聚集度、非农人口分布、人均用地指标分布均呈现圈层布局特征;郊区农村居民点用地大部分规模不变。研究结论:亟需编制多层级村庄规划;近郊以及西南部区域是上海农村居民点聚集度高和非农人口比例高的区域,应是宅基地城镇化的重点区域;远郊人均用地指标高,应是农村保护保留整治更新的重点区域;上海居民点用地减量化政策亟待突破。
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the spatial layout and evolution characteristics of the total and per capita index of rural settlements in Shanghai,and to identify the spatial distribution and development rule of rural settlements,so as to provide the basis for the spatial development strategy and planning in rural settlements.Methods used include the normative study,the aggregation index method,the regression analysis and the spatial thermal chart analysis method.The results indicate that the layout of rural settlements is scattered,the directivity of roads and rivers is obvious;rural residential scale,rural residential aggregation,settlement/farming land aggregation,the non-agricultural rural people distribution and the land per capita present circle-layer model;lastly,the scale of rural settlements hardly change in the suburb.Thus,we draw conclusions that multi-level village planning should be compiled;the western region and outskirts are the high aggregation of rural residential and high proportion of non-agricultural population areas,which should be the key region to urbanization;per capita rural settlements is high in the outer suburbs,which should be the key areas of protection,improvement and renewal;the land-use reduction policy needs breakthrough in Shanghai.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the spatial layout and evolution characteristics of the total and per capita index of rural settlements in Shanghai,and to identify the spatial distribution and development rule of rural settlements,so as to provide the basis for the spatial development strategy and planning in rural settlements.Methods used include the normative study,the aggregation index method,the regression analysis and the spatial thermal chart analysis method.The results indicate that the layout of rural settlements is scattered,the directivity of roads and rivers is obvious;rural residential scale,rural residential aggregation,settlement/farming land aggregation,the non-agricultural rural people distribution and the land per capita present circle-layer model;lastly,the scale of rural settlements hardly change in the suburb.Thus,we draw conclusions that multi-level village planning should be compiled;the western region and outskirts are the high aggregation of rural residential and high proportion of non-agricultural population areas,which should be the key region to urbanization;per capita rural settlements is high in the outer suburbs,which should be the key areas of protection,improvement and renewal;the land-use reduction policy needs breakthrough in Shanghai.
引文
[1]陆嘉.我国经济发达地区城市化进程中农村居民点改造的策略研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006:122.LU Jia.The research on the strategies of reconstruction for rural settlements in the urbanization course of the economical developed area in China[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2006:122.
[2]郑燕,唐杭.农村宅基地使用现状与确权登记难点分析--以上海市崇明县为例[J].商,2016(25):85-86.ZHENG Yan,TANG Hang.An analysis on the current situation of rural residential land use and the difficulties in the registration of ownership:taking Shanghai County of Chongming as an example[J].Business,2016(25):85-86.
[3]周晓娟,张长兔,俞进.上海金山区廊下镇农村居民点的风貌特色与整治建议[J].上海城市规划,2006(3):10-13.ZHOU Xiaojuan,ZHANG Changtu,YU Jin.The characteristics of village residential area of Langxia and some proposals on reconstruction[J].Shanghai Urban Planning Review,2006(3):10-13.
[4]陈兴雷,郭忠兴,刘小红,等.大城市边缘区农村居民点用地空间布局优化研究--对上海南汇地区的考察[J].地域研究与开发,2011(3):117-122.CHEN Xinglei,GUO Zhongxing,LIU Xiaohong,et al.Optimization on rural residential plot at urban fringe with special reference to spatial distribution:a case of Nanhui region in China[J].Areal Research and Development,2011(3):117-122.
[5]代兵,谷晓坤,张洪武.大都市郊区农村宅基地景观格局特征及政策启示--以上海市金山区为例[J].生态经济,2008(11):142-144.DAI Bing,GU Xiaokun,ZHANG Hongwu.Landscape analysis and policy suggestion for rural habitat land in suburbs of big city:a case study of Jinshan,Shanghai[J].Ecological Environment,2008(11):142-144.
[6]苟滢华.上海市郊农民宅基地置换与城市化再推进[D].上海:华东师范大学,2005:51.GOU Yinghua.The urbanization and the replacement of the rural residential land in the suburb of Shanghai[D].Shanghai:East China Normal University,2005:51.
[7]金昕.上海郊区新农村农民居住点模式研究--以奉贤区为例[D].南京:南京农业大学,2011:61.JIN Xin.Research on the new countryside farmer living mode in Shanghai suburb:take Fengxian District for example[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2011:61.
[8]徐瑞祥.城镇化进程中农民居住空间需求与设计研究--上海市奉贤区宅基地置换试点集中建房规划设计实证调研[D].上海:同济大学,2007.XU Ruixiang.Study on the requirement and design of rural people's living space in the process of urbanization:empirical study on the planning and design of residential building in Fengxian District,Shanghai[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2007.
[9]殷文杰.大都市郊区发展的理论与实践探索--以上海郊区发展为例[D].上海:华东师范大学,2007:180.YIN Wenjie.Study on the theories and practice of metropolitan suburb development:based on Shanghai suburb[D].Shanghai:East China Normal University,2007:180.
[10]谢萌秋.上海市郊区农村居民点空间布局演变特征分析--以松江区为例[J].上海国土资源,2015(1):26-30.XIE Mengqiu.Evolution of the spatial distribution of rural residents in Shanghai suburbs:a case study of the Songjiang District[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,2015(1):26-30.
[11]方澜,倪嘉,李艳.村落空间整治及规划研究--以上海崇明岛新农村规划为例[J].上海城市规划,2008(1):44-47.FANG Lan,NI Jia,LI Yan.Research on rectification and planning of spaces of village hamlets:taking the planning of new countryside in Shanghai Chongming Island as an example[J].Shanghai Urban Planning Review,2008(1):44-47.
(1)2009年时为153个,2014年调整为148个。
(2)绘图过程中以km2作为数量单位,小于0.5 km2的农村居民点不在绘图范围内,大于0.5 km2的镇或街道共108个,所以绘图仅包括108个镇或街道,下同。
(3)非农人口和农业人口分别指从事非农产业或农业的人员,下同。
(4)浦东新区以图6中所示的申嘉湖高速为界分为近郊和远郊。
[2]郑燕,唐杭.农村宅基地使用现状与确权登记难点分析--以上海市崇明县为例[J].商,2016(25):85-86.ZHENG Yan,TANG Hang.An analysis on the current situation of rural residential land use and the difficulties in the registration of ownership:taking Shanghai County of Chongming as an example[J].Business,2016(25):85-86.
[3]周晓娟,张长兔,俞进.上海金山区廊下镇农村居民点的风貌特色与整治建议[J].上海城市规划,2006(3):10-13.ZHOU Xiaojuan,ZHANG Changtu,YU Jin.The characteristics of village residential area of Langxia and some proposals on reconstruction[J].Shanghai Urban Planning Review,2006(3):10-13.
[4]陈兴雷,郭忠兴,刘小红,等.大城市边缘区农村居民点用地空间布局优化研究--对上海南汇地区的考察[J].地域研究与开发,2011(3):117-122.CHEN Xinglei,GUO Zhongxing,LIU Xiaohong,et al.Optimization on rural residential plot at urban fringe with special reference to spatial distribution:a case of Nanhui region in China[J].Areal Research and Development,2011(3):117-122.
[5]代兵,谷晓坤,张洪武.大都市郊区农村宅基地景观格局特征及政策启示--以上海市金山区为例[J].生态经济,2008(11):142-144.DAI Bing,GU Xiaokun,ZHANG Hongwu.Landscape analysis and policy suggestion for rural habitat land in suburbs of big city:a case study of Jinshan,Shanghai[J].Ecological Environment,2008(11):142-144.
[6]苟滢华.上海市郊农民宅基地置换与城市化再推进[D].上海:华东师范大学,2005:51.GOU Yinghua.The urbanization and the replacement of the rural residential land in the suburb of Shanghai[D].Shanghai:East China Normal University,2005:51.
[7]金昕.上海郊区新农村农民居住点模式研究--以奉贤区为例[D].南京:南京农业大学,2011:61.JIN Xin.Research on the new countryside farmer living mode in Shanghai suburb:take Fengxian District for example[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2011:61.
[8]徐瑞祥.城镇化进程中农民居住空间需求与设计研究--上海市奉贤区宅基地置换试点集中建房规划设计实证调研[D].上海:同济大学,2007.XU Ruixiang.Study on the requirement and design of rural people's living space in the process of urbanization:empirical study on the planning and design of residential building in Fengxian District,Shanghai[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2007.
[9]殷文杰.大都市郊区发展的理论与实践探索--以上海郊区发展为例[D].上海:华东师范大学,2007:180.YIN Wenjie.Study on the theories and practice of metropolitan suburb development:based on Shanghai suburb[D].Shanghai:East China Normal University,2007:180.
[10]谢萌秋.上海市郊区农村居民点空间布局演变特征分析--以松江区为例[J].上海国土资源,2015(1):26-30.XIE Mengqiu.Evolution of the spatial distribution of rural residents in Shanghai suburbs:a case study of the Songjiang District[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,2015(1):26-30.
[11]方澜,倪嘉,李艳.村落空间整治及规划研究--以上海崇明岛新农村规划为例[J].上海城市规划,2008(1):44-47.FANG Lan,NI Jia,LI Yan.Research on rectification and planning of spaces of village hamlets:taking the planning of new countryside in Shanghai Chongming Island as an example[J].Shanghai Urban Planning Review,2008(1):44-47.
(1)2009年时为153个,2014年调整为148个。
(2)绘图过程中以km2作为数量单位,小于0.5 km2的农村居民点不在绘图范围内,大于0.5 km2的镇或街道共108个,所以绘图仅包括108个镇或街道,下同。
(3)非农人口和农业人口分别指从事非农产业或农业的人员,下同。
(4)浦东新区以图6中所示的申嘉湖高速为界分为近郊和远郊。
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