石油产品低温性能指标检测方法的现状及发展
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摘要
石油产品低温性能是衡量石油产品在低温条件下能够正常流动和顺利输送的能力,用来评价此性能的指标包括结晶点、冰点、浊点、冷滤点、倾点和凝点等等。本文主要介绍现阶段应用比较广泛的低温性能指标检测方法,以及对目前的低温性能指标检测方法现状分析存在的问题和不足并对未来的发展进行展望。
The low temperature performance of oil products is a measure of the normal flow and smooth conveying capacity of oil products under the condition of low temperature.The indexes involved in the evaluation of the performance include crystallization point,freezing point,cloud point,cold filter point,pour point and solidification point,etc.The paper mainly expounds on the prevailing test methods of low temperature performance indexes that have been widely applied. In addition,with the analysis of the status quo of the testing methods concerning the low temperature performance indexes,some problems and deficiencies are identified in the paper,and the relevant development prospect in the future is also presented.
The low temperature performance of oil products is a measure of the normal flow and smooth conveying capacity of oil products under the condition of low temperature.The indexes involved in the evaluation of the performance include crystallization point,freezing point,cloud point,cold filter point,pour point and solidification point,etc.The paper mainly expounds on the prevailing test methods of low temperature performance indexes that have been widely applied. In addition,with the analysis of the status quo of the testing methods concerning the low temperature performance indexes,some problems and deficiencies are identified in the paper,and the relevant development prospect in the future is also presented.
引文
[1]NB/SH/T 0179-2013,轻质石油产品浊点和结晶点测定法[S].
[2]王立光,杨永峰,程飞,等.航空燃料冰点快速测定方法[J].后勤工程学院学报,2012,(2):22-25.
[3]GB/T 2430-2008,航空燃料冰点测定法[S].
[4]GB/T 6986-2014,石油产品浊点测定方法[S].
[5]段卫宇,王硕,邱兆军.几个石油产品低温流动性测定指标的检验要点解析[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2016,(4):26-27.
[6]谢静茹.石油浊点测定影响因素分析[J].炼油与化工,2014,(2):54.
[7]蒋彤,顾贞艳,李静.光探测阶梯冷却法测定石油产品的浊点[J].高桥石化,2003,(2):28-29.
[8]SH/T 0248-2006,柴油和民用取暖油冷滤点测定法[S].
[9]Boshui C,Yuqiu S,Jianhua F,et al.Effect of cold flow improvers on flow properties of soybean biodiesel[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2010,34(9):1309-1313.
[10]GB/T 3535-2006,石油产品倾点测定法[S].
[11]Joshi R M,Pegg M J.Flow properties of biodiesel fuel blends at low temperatures[J].Fuel,2007,86(1-2):143-151.
[12]陈俊,张劲军.原油及石油产品倾点测定规范分析[J].油气储运,2003,(10):4-8.
[13]李富英,黄智伟.智能化数字式在线石油产品倾点监视仪[J].自动化与仪表,1992,(2):15-17.
[14]ASTMD6749-02,Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products(Automatic Air Pressure Method)[S].
[15]黄智伟,李富英.石油倾点的在线测量[J].南华大学学报(理工版),2003,(4):38-41.
[16]盛菲菲.基于ARM微处理器的石油倾点测量系统[D].大连理工大学,2013.
[17]王武俊.凝固点测定方法的评述[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2013,(13):74-98.
[18]李永强,郑佳佳.车用柴油凝点测量不确定度评定[J].辽宁化工,2015,(6):634-635.
[19]段卫宇.GB510-1983石油产品凝点测定法测定凝点的不确定度评估[J].检验检测,2016,(3):20-21.
[20]李松洋.一种全自动油品凝点测定器的研制[D].大连理工大学,2012.
[21]刘凤颖.苯产品结晶点分析方法的技术改进[J].色谱,2005,(3):325.
[22]赵丽丽,李俊,胡荣,等.快速判断石油苯结晶点[J].化学工程与装备,2012,(6):62-63.
[23]杨建正.梳型聚合物结构对柴油低温流动性影响[D].华东理工大学,2013.
[24]Knothe G,Dunn R O.A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Melting Points of Fatty Acids and Esters Determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists'Society,2009,86(9):843-856.
[25]梅德清.基于差示扫描量热法和热力学模型的生物柴油结晶行为分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,(7):206-210.
[26]吴利刚,王煊军,姚良.近红外光谱测定喷气燃料馏程的应用研究[J].宇航计测技术,2008,(2):43-44.
[27]袁洪福,岳俊奇,陆婉珍.CCD近红外光谱快速测定喷气燃料的冰点[J].分析化学,1998,(5):603-606.
[28]刘馥,魏海波,刘天才.气相色谱法测定喷气燃料的冰点[J].广州化工,1997,(2):43-45.
[29]Mirante F I C,Coutinho J O A P.Cloud point prediction of fuels and fuel blends[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,2001,180(1):247-255.
[30]J.A.P.Coutinho,C.Dauphin,J.L.Daridon,Measurement and modeling of wax formation in diesel fuels[J].Fuel,2000,79:607-616.
[31]J.A.P.Coutinho,A Thermodynamic Model for Predicting Wax Formation in Jet and Diesel Fuels[J].Energy and Fuels,2000,14:625-631.
[32]C.Dauphin,J.L.Daridon,J.A.P.Coutinho,et al.Potin-Gautier,Wax content measurements in partially frozen paraffinic systems[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,1999,161:135-151.
[33]毕彦坤.冷滤点标准物质研制及油品低温性质研究[D].北京化工大学,2016.
[34]Smith P C,Ngothai Y,Nguyen Q D,et al.Alkoxylation of biodiesel and its impact on low-temperature properties[J].Fuel,2009,88(4):605-612.
[35]Bhale P V,Deshpande N V,Thombre S B.Improving the low temperature properties of biodiesel fuel[J].Renewable Energy,2009,34(3):794-800.
[36]IMAHARA H,MINAMI E,SAKA S.Thermodynamic study on cloud point of biodiesel with its fatty acid composition[J].Fuel,2006,85(12-13):1666-1670.
[37]Yori Juan C,Miguel A.Depression of the cloud point of biodiesel by reaction over solid acids[J].Energy Fuel,2006,20.
[38]张心玲,安文杰,黄卿.调和柴油性质对低温性能的影响[J].石油与天然气化工,2010,(5):411-414.
[39]张心玲,黄卿,施青峰.组分柴油性质对低温性能的影响[J].能源与环境,2007,(2):66-68.
[40]陈平,孙永康,岳坤霞.利用DSC快速测定柴油冷滤点[J].辽宁化工,2003,(2):95-97.
[41]P Rez N,Casas A,Fern Ndez C M A,et al.Winterization of peanut biodiesel to improve the cold flow properties[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101(19):7375-7381.
[42]Dadarlat D,Bicanic D,Gibkes J,et al.Study of melting processes in fatty acids and oil mixtures:a comparison of photopyroelectric(PPE)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)[J].Chem.Phys.Lipids,1996,82:15-23.
[43]黄燕民.预测轻柴油冷滤点和凝点的数学模型[J].石油炼制与化工,1999,(11):37-40.
[44]党红艳.柴油和民用取暖油冷滤点测定不确定度评定[J].当代化工,2012,(6):659-660.
[45]任连岭,刘慧颖,吴凰.利用光电法快速测定柴油冷滤点[J].石油商技,2009,(2):68-71.
[46]王传旭.CCD图像相关法在原油倾点温度测量中的应用[J].国外电子测量技术,2004,(4):23-25.
[47]陈湘辉,任晓珠.石油倾点在线分析仪的自动检测与设计[J].中国仪器仪表,2002,(3):9-10.
[48]胡燕辉,江洪波,翁惠新.柴油凝点调合模型的研究[C].上海:上海市化学化工学会2008年度学术年会,2008.
[49]吴德会,王晓红.基于近红外光谱的柴油凝点计算机软测量法[J].计算机与应用化学,2007,(10):1311-1314.
[50]Soriano N U,Migo V P,Matsumura M.Ozonized vegetable oil as pour point depressant for neat biodiesel[J].Fuel,2006,85(1):25-31.
[51]管亮,冯新泸,谢建安.快速评价润滑油粘温特性的新技术-介电谱技术[J].理化检验-物理分册,2008,(44):554-558.
[52]孔春心,冯新泸,管亮.二维介电谱技术在油品分析中的应用现状及展望[J].中国储运,2012,(4):110-112.
[53]Kerschbaum S,Rinke G.Measurement of the temperature dependent viscosity of biodiesel fuels[J].Fuel,2004,83(3):287-291.
[54]王硕,段卫宇,邱兆军.石油产品倾点测定法的影响因素研究[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2016,(5):16-17.
[55]宋世远.石油产品性能与测试评定[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2017.78-87.
[2]王立光,杨永峰,程飞,等.航空燃料冰点快速测定方法[J].后勤工程学院学报,2012,(2):22-25.
[3]GB/T 2430-2008,航空燃料冰点测定法[S].
[4]GB/T 6986-2014,石油产品浊点测定方法[S].
[5]段卫宇,王硕,邱兆军.几个石油产品低温流动性测定指标的检验要点解析[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2016,(4):26-27.
[6]谢静茹.石油浊点测定影响因素分析[J].炼油与化工,2014,(2):54.
[7]蒋彤,顾贞艳,李静.光探测阶梯冷却法测定石油产品的浊点[J].高桥石化,2003,(2):28-29.
[8]SH/T 0248-2006,柴油和民用取暖油冷滤点测定法[S].
[9]Boshui C,Yuqiu S,Jianhua F,et al.Effect of cold flow improvers on flow properties of soybean biodiesel[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2010,34(9):1309-1313.
[10]GB/T 3535-2006,石油产品倾点测定法[S].
[11]Joshi R M,Pegg M J.Flow properties of biodiesel fuel blends at low temperatures[J].Fuel,2007,86(1-2):143-151.
[12]陈俊,张劲军.原油及石油产品倾点测定规范分析[J].油气储运,2003,(10):4-8.
[13]李富英,黄智伟.智能化数字式在线石油产品倾点监视仪[J].自动化与仪表,1992,(2):15-17.
[14]ASTMD6749-02,Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products(Automatic Air Pressure Method)[S].
[15]黄智伟,李富英.石油倾点的在线测量[J].南华大学学报(理工版),2003,(4):38-41.
[16]盛菲菲.基于ARM微处理器的石油倾点测量系统[D].大连理工大学,2013.
[17]王武俊.凝固点测定方法的评述[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2013,(13):74-98.
[18]李永强,郑佳佳.车用柴油凝点测量不确定度评定[J].辽宁化工,2015,(6):634-635.
[19]段卫宇.GB510-1983石油产品凝点测定法测定凝点的不确定度评估[J].检验检测,2016,(3):20-21.
[20]李松洋.一种全自动油品凝点测定器的研制[D].大连理工大学,2012.
[21]刘凤颖.苯产品结晶点分析方法的技术改进[J].色谱,2005,(3):325.
[22]赵丽丽,李俊,胡荣,等.快速判断石油苯结晶点[J].化学工程与装备,2012,(6):62-63.
[23]杨建正.梳型聚合物结构对柴油低温流动性影响[D].华东理工大学,2013.
[24]Knothe G,Dunn R O.A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Melting Points of Fatty Acids and Esters Determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists'Society,2009,86(9):843-856.
[25]梅德清.基于差示扫描量热法和热力学模型的生物柴油结晶行为分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,(7):206-210.
[26]吴利刚,王煊军,姚良.近红外光谱测定喷气燃料馏程的应用研究[J].宇航计测技术,2008,(2):43-44.
[27]袁洪福,岳俊奇,陆婉珍.CCD近红外光谱快速测定喷气燃料的冰点[J].分析化学,1998,(5):603-606.
[28]刘馥,魏海波,刘天才.气相色谱法测定喷气燃料的冰点[J].广州化工,1997,(2):43-45.
[29]Mirante F I C,Coutinho J O A P.Cloud point prediction of fuels and fuel blends[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,2001,180(1):247-255.
[30]J.A.P.Coutinho,C.Dauphin,J.L.Daridon,Measurement and modeling of wax formation in diesel fuels[J].Fuel,2000,79:607-616.
[31]J.A.P.Coutinho,A Thermodynamic Model for Predicting Wax Formation in Jet and Diesel Fuels[J].Energy and Fuels,2000,14:625-631.
[32]C.Dauphin,J.L.Daridon,J.A.P.Coutinho,et al.Potin-Gautier,Wax content measurements in partially frozen paraffinic systems[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,1999,161:135-151.
[33]毕彦坤.冷滤点标准物质研制及油品低温性质研究[D].北京化工大学,2016.
[34]Smith P C,Ngothai Y,Nguyen Q D,et al.Alkoxylation of biodiesel and its impact on low-temperature properties[J].Fuel,2009,88(4):605-612.
[35]Bhale P V,Deshpande N V,Thombre S B.Improving the low temperature properties of biodiesel fuel[J].Renewable Energy,2009,34(3):794-800.
[36]IMAHARA H,MINAMI E,SAKA S.Thermodynamic study on cloud point of biodiesel with its fatty acid composition[J].Fuel,2006,85(12-13):1666-1670.
[37]Yori Juan C,Miguel A.Depression of the cloud point of biodiesel by reaction over solid acids[J].Energy Fuel,2006,20.
[38]张心玲,安文杰,黄卿.调和柴油性质对低温性能的影响[J].石油与天然气化工,2010,(5):411-414.
[39]张心玲,黄卿,施青峰.组分柴油性质对低温性能的影响[J].能源与环境,2007,(2):66-68.
[40]陈平,孙永康,岳坤霞.利用DSC快速测定柴油冷滤点[J].辽宁化工,2003,(2):95-97.
[41]P Rez N,Casas A,Fern Ndez C M A,et al.Winterization of peanut biodiesel to improve the cold flow properties[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101(19):7375-7381.
[42]Dadarlat D,Bicanic D,Gibkes J,et al.Study of melting processes in fatty acids and oil mixtures:a comparison of photopyroelectric(PPE)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)[J].Chem.Phys.Lipids,1996,82:15-23.
[43]黄燕民.预测轻柴油冷滤点和凝点的数学模型[J].石油炼制与化工,1999,(11):37-40.
[44]党红艳.柴油和民用取暖油冷滤点测定不确定度评定[J].当代化工,2012,(6):659-660.
[45]任连岭,刘慧颖,吴凰.利用光电法快速测定柴油冷滤点[J].石油商技,2009,(2):68-71.
[46]王传旭.CCD图像相关法在原油倾点温度测量中的应用[J].国外电子测量技术,2004,(4):23-25.
[47]陈湘辉,任晓珠.石油倾点在线分析仪的自动检测与设计[J].中国仪器仪表,2002,(3):9-10.
[48]胡燕辉,江洪波,翁惠新.柴油凝点调合模型的研究[C].上海:上海市化学化工学会2008年度学术年会,2008.
[49]吴德会,王晓红.基于近红外光谱的柴油凝点计算机软测量法[J].计算机与应用化学,2007,(10):1311-1314.
[50]Soriano N U,Migo V P,Matsumura M.Ozonized vegetable oil as pour point depressant for neat biodiesel[J].Fuel,2006,85(1):25-31.
[51]管亮,冯新泸,谢建安.快速评价润滑油粘温特性的新技术-介电谱技术[J].理化检验-物理分册,2008,(44):554-558.
[52]孔春心,冯新泸,管亮.二维介电谱技术在油品分析中的应用现状及展望[J].中国储运,2012,(4):110-112.
[53]Kerschbaum S,Rinke G.Measurement of the temperature dependent viscosity of biodiesel fuels[J].Fuel,2004,83(3):287-291.
[54]王硕,段卫宇,邱兆军.石油产品倾点测定法的影响因素研究[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2016,(5):16-17.
[55]宋世远.石油产品性能与测试评定[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2017.78-87.