2195铝锂合金的化学铣切工艺优化

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英文篇名：Optimization of Chemical Milling Process of 2195 Al-Li Alloy 作者：刘凤娟 ; 陈永来 ; 于峰 ; 何仕桓 ; 林军 ; 姚草根 英文作者：LIU Fengjuan;CHEN Yonglai;YU Feng;HE Shihuan;LIN Jun;YAO Caogen;Aerospace Research Institute of Materials & Processing Technology; 关键词：化学铣切 ; 2195铝锂合金 ; 化铣速率 ; 表面粗糙度 ; 力学性能 英文关键词：chemical milling;;2195 Al-Li alloy;;chemical milling rate;;surface roughness;;mechanical property 中文刊名：GXGC 英文刊名：Materials for Mechanical Engineering 机构：航天材料及工艺研究所; 出版日期：2019-02-20 出版单位：机械工程材料 年：2019 期：v.43;No.366 基金：中央军委装备发展部科研订购局装备预先研究项目(18项)(41422010701);中央军委装备发展部科研订购局装备预研共用技术项目(12项)(41423050307) 语种：中文; 页：GXGC201902008 页数：6 CN：02 ISSN：31-1336/TB 分类号：38-42+46

摘要

在2种化学铣切(化铣)液(NaOH+Al~(3+)+Na_2S+三乙醇胺和NaOH+Al~(3+)+Na_2S_2O_4·5H_2O)中对2195铝锂合金进行化铣加工,确定了较佳的化铣液,并利用正交试验对其配方进行优化;在优化化铣液中对试验合金进行化铣加工,研究了化铣温度对化铣速率和表面粗糙度的影响,并对比了化铣前后的表面形貌及拉伸性能。结果表明:由NaOH、Al~(3+)、Na_2S和三乙醇胺组成的化铣液对试验合金的化铣效果优于由NaOH、Al~(3+)和Na_2S_2O_4·5H_2O组成的,其优化组成为210g·L~(-1) NaOH、40g·L~(-1) Na_2S、30g·L~(-1) Al~(3+)和50mL·L~(-1)三乙醇胺;在优化化铣液中,随化铣温度的升高,试验合金的化铣速率增大,侧切率先增后降,化铣温度在85～95℃较适宜;在85℃优化化铣液中化铣至深度约4.3mm时,试验合金表面无裂纹、腐蚀凹坑等缺陷,在85～90℃化铣至深度约3.0mm时的拉伸性能与化铣前的相近。
        2195 Al-Li alloy was machined by chemical milling in two chemical milling solutions(NaOH+Al~(3+)+Na_2S+triethanolamine and NaOH+Al~(3+)+Na_2S_2O_4·5 H_2O).The relatively suitable chemical milling solution was determined and its composition was optimized by orthogonal test.The tested alloy was machined by chemical milling in the optimal chemical milling solution.The effects of chemical milling temperature on the chemical milling rate and surface roughness were studied and the surface morphology and tensile property before and after chemical milling were compared.The results show that the chemical milling solution made up of NaOH,Al~(3+),Na_2S and triethanolamine had a better chemical milling effect on the tested alloy than that of NaOH,Al~(3+) and Na_2S_2O_4·5 H_2O,and its optimal composition was listed as follows:210 g·L~(-1) NaOH,40 g·L~(-1) Na_2S,30 g·L~(-1) Al~(3+) and 50 mL·L-1 triethanolamine.In the optimal chemical milling solution,with rising chemical milling temperature,the chemical milling rate of the tested alloy increased whereas the etching ratio increased and then decreased.The chemical milling temperature was relatively suitable at 85-95℃.The surface of the tested alloy had no defects such as cracks and corrosion holes after chemical milling in the optimal chemical milling solution at 85℃ to the depth around 4.3 mm,and the tensile property after chemical milling at 85-95 ℃ to the depth around 3.0 mm was similar to that before chemical milling.

引文

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