山西省冰雪运动气候适宜性评价
|
摘要
综合考虑温度、降雪量、风等因素,构建冰雪运动气候指数(ice-snow sport climate index,ISCI)评价模型,确定冰雪运动气候适应性分级标准。以山西省为例,定量评价冰雪运动的气候适宜性特征和空间分布状况。结果表明:全省冰雪运动气候指数平均值为5. 03,属于一般适宜等级; 38°N以北的大部分区域均适合发展冰雪运动产业,且未来气候适宜性呈现增强趋势。
This paper presented an ice-snow sports climate suitability evaluation method. The method took into account temperature,snowfall,wind and other factors to build ice-snow sport climate index evaluation model and determine the classification standard of winter sports climate suitability. Taking Shanxi Province as an example,this paper quantitatively evaluated winter sports climate suitability and its spatial distribution. The results show that the average of ice-snow sports climate index was 5. 03 in Shanxi Province,which belonged to generally suitable level. Most of the areas in the north of 38°N were suitable for the development of winter sports industry,and their climatic suitability showed increasing trend in the future.
This paper presented an ice-snow sports climate suitability evaluation method. The method took into account temperature,snowfall,wind and other factors to build ice-snow sport climate index evaluation model and determine the classification standard of winter sports climate suitability. Taking Shanxi Province as an example,this paper quantitatively evaluated winter sports climate suitability and its spatial distribution. The results show that the average of ice-snow sports climate index was 5. 03 in Shanxi Province,which belonged to generally suitable level. Most of the areas in the north of 38°N were suitable for the development of winter sports industry,and their climatic suitability showed increasing trend in the future.
引文
[1]FALK M. The demand for winter sports:empirical evidence for thelargest French ski-lift operator[J]. Tourism Economics,2015,21(3):561-580.
[2]WU W W,ZHU Y X,ZHANG C Y. The assessment of ice-snowtourism resources value and its realization degree[J]. Scientific Re-search,2013,5(3):30-35.
[3]GILABERTEBúRDALO M,LPEZMARTN F,PINOOTN M R,et al. Impacts of climate change on ski industry[J]. EnvironmentalScience&Policy,2014(44):51-61.
[4] PONS M,LPEZ-MORENO J I,ROSAS-CASALS M,et al.The vulnerability of Pyrenean ski resorts to climate-induced chan-ges in the snowpack[J]. Climatic Change,2015,131(4):591-605.
[5]SCOTT D,MCBOYLE G,MINOGUE A,et al. Climate change andthe sustainability of ski-based tourism in eastern North America:areassessment[J]. Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2006,14(4):376-398.
[6]DAMM A,KBERL J,PRETTENTHALER F. Does artificial snowproduction pay under future climate conditions?-a case study fora vulnerable ski area in Austria[J]. Tourism Management,2014(43):8-21.
[7]OLEFS M,FISCHER A,LANG J. Boundary conditions for artificialsnow production in the Austrian Alps[J]. Journal of Applied Mete-orology and Climatology,2010(49):1096-1113.
[8]MIECZKOWSKI Z. The tourism climatic index:a method of evalua-ting world climates for tourism[J]. Canadian Geographer,1985,29(3):220-233.
[9]MORGAN R,GATELL E,JUNYENT R,et al. An improved user-based beach climate index[J]. Journal of Coastal Conservation,2000,6(1):41-50.
[10] SCOTT D,MCBOYLE G,SCHWARTZENTRUBER M. Climatechange and the distribution of climatic resources for tourism inNorth America[J]. Climate Research,2004,27(2):105-117.
[11] MATZARAKIS A. Assessment method for climate and tourismbased on daily data[J]. Developments in Tourism Climatology,2007,52-58.
[12]DEFREITAS C. Tourism climatology:evaluating environmental in-formation for decision making and business planning in the recrea-tion and tourism sector[J]. International Journal of Biometeorolo-gy,2003,48(1):45-54.
[13]YU G,SCHWARTZ Z,WALSH J E. A weather-resolving indexfor assessing the impact of climate change on tourism related cli-mate resources[J]. Climatic Change,2009,95(3/4):551-573.
[14]SCOTT D,RUTTY M,AMELUNG B,et al. An inter-compari-son of the holiday climate index(HCI)and the tourism climate in-dex(TCI)in Europe[J]. Atmosphere,2016,7(6):1-17.
[15]谢勇,高锋,朴美花.吉林省滑雪运动气象指数的探讨[C]//第32届中国气象学会年会S14第五届气象服务发展论坛.北京:气象出版社,2015:1-16.
[16]杨尚英.旅游气象气候学[M].杨凌:西北农林科技大学出版社,2007:1-13.
[17]傅帅,蒋勇,徐士琦,等. 1960—2015年吉林省积雪初、终日期变化特征及其与气温和降水的关系[J].干旱气象,2017,35(4):567-574.
[18]贺占军.七国运动员角逐国际雪联越野滑雪中巡赛那拉提站比赛[EB/OL〗.[2015-01-08]. http://travel. hexun. com/2015-01-08/172188461. html.
[19]国家体育总局.体育场所开放条件与技术要求第6部分:滑雪场所GB 19079. 6-2013[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013:30-33.
[20]国家旅游局.旅游滑雪场质量等级划分LB/T 037-2014[S].北京:中国旅游出版社,2015:1-5.
[21]王楠.黑龙江省滑雪场景观规划设计研究———以乌吉密滑雪场为例[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2007:1-88.
[22]LIKERT R. A technique for the measurement of attitudes[J]. Ar-chives of Psychology,1932,22(140):1-55.
[2]WU W W,ZHU Y X,ZHANG C Y. The assessment of ice-snowtourism resources value and its realization degree[J]. Scientific Re-search,2013,5(3):30-35.
[3]GILABERTEBúRDALO M,LPEZMARTN F,PINOOTN M R,et al. Impacts of climate change on ski industry[J]. EnvironmentalScience&Policy,2014(44):51-61.
[4] PONS M,LPEZ-MORENO J I,ROSAS-CASALS M,et al.The vulnerability of Pyrenean ski resorts to climate-induced chan-ges in the snowpack[J]. Climatic Change,2015,131(4):591-605.
[5]SCOTT D,MCBOYLE G,MINOGUE A,et al. Climate change andthe sustainability of ski-based tourism in eastern North America:areassessment[J]. Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2006,14(4):376-398.
[6]DAMM A,KBERL J,PRETTENTHALER F. Does artificial snowproduction pay under future climate conditions?-a case study fora vulnerable ski area in Austria[J]. Tourism Management,2014(43):8-21.
[7]OLEFS M,FISCHER A,LANG J. Boundary conditions for artificialsnow production in the Austrian Alps[J]. Journal of Applied Mete-orology and Climatology,2010(49):1096-1113.
[8]MIECZKOWSKI Z. The tourism climatic index:a method of evalua-ting world climates for tourism[J]. Canadian Geographer,1985,29(3):220-233.
[9]MORGAN R,GATELL E,JUNYENT R,et al. An improved user-based beach climate index[J]. Journal of Coastal Conservation,2000,6(1):41-50.
[10] SCOTT D,MCBOYLE G,SCHWARTZENTRUBER M. Climatechange and the distribution of climatic resources for tourism inNorth America[J]. Climate Research,2004,27(2):105-117.
[11] MATZARAKIS A. Assessment method for climate and tourismbased on daily data[J]. Developments in Tourism Climatology,2007,52-58.
[12]DEFREITAS C. Tourism climatology:evaluating environmental in-formation for decision making and business planning in the recrea-tion and tourism sector[J]. International Journal of Biometeorolo-gy,2003,48(1):45-54.
[13]YU G,SCHWARTZ Z,WALSH J E. A weather-resolving indexfor assessing the impact of climate change on tourism related cli-mate resources[J]. Climatic Change,2009,95(3/4):551-573.
[14]SCOTT D,RUTTY M,AMELUNG B,et al. An inter-compari-son of the holiday climate index(HCI)and the tourism climate in-dex(TCI)in Europe[J]. Atmosphere,2016,7(6):1-17.
[15]谢勇,高锋,朴美花.吉林省滑雪运动气象指数的探讨[C]//第32届中国气象学会年会S14第五届气象服务发展论坛.北京:气象出版社,2015:1-16.
[16]杨尚英.旅游气象气候学[M].杨凌:西北农林科技大学出版社,2007:1-13.
[17]傅帅,蒋勇,徐士琦,等. 1960—2015年吉林省积雪初、终日期变化特征及其与气温和降水的关系[J].干旱气象,2017,35(4):567-574.
[18]贺占军.七国运动员角逐国际雪联越野滑雪中巡赛那拉提站比赛[EB/OL〗.[2015-01-08]. http://travel. hexun. com/2015-01-08/172188461. html.
[19]国家体育总局.体育场所开放条件与技术要求第6部分:滑雪场所GB 19079. 6-2013[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013:30-33.
[20]国家旅游局.旅游滑雪场质量等级划分LB/T 037-2014[S].北京:中国旅游出版社,2015:1-5.
[21]王楠.黑龙江省滑雪场景观规划设计研究———以乌吉密滑雪场为例[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2007:1-88.
[22]LIKERT R. A technique for the measurement of attitudes[J]. Ar-chives of Psychology,1932,22(140):1-55.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |