糖槭光合速率和气孔导度对光合有效辐射的响应
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摘要
树木生长主要靠叶片光合作用积累有机物质,光合速率和气孔导度是反映树木光合作用的重要因素,探明三者之间的相关性对掌握树木生理作用具有重要意义。本文报道了加拿大糖槭(Acer saccharum Marsh.)在不同光照时间条件下光合速率和气孔导度的变化规律。在不同的光照时间条件下,将光合有效辐射(PAR)在0~1 200μmol/(m~2·s)范围内进行高—低—高的改变,利用CIRAS-2型便携式光合作用仪测定糖槭叶片光合速率(Pn)和气孔导度(Gs)的变化,建立PAR-Pn和PAR-Gs响应曲线,并对三者的相关性进行了分析。测定结果显示,在其他环境因子不变的情况下,温度为25~27℃时,糖槭叶片光合速率达到最高[4.3μmol/(m~2·s)]。从PAR-Pn响应曲线可以看出,光照时间为5 min以上时,光合速率达到稳定;光合有效辐射为900μmol/(m~2·s)以上时,光合速率达到最大值。从PAR-Gs响应曲线可以看出,光照时间少于2 min时,气孔对外界光照变化尚未做出有效反应,气孔导度呈现不规律的变化;当光照时间为5 min以上时,气孔有足够的时间对光照变化做出响应,气孔导度随着光合有效辐射的变化呈现双峰曲线,在光合有效辐射为600μmol/(m~2·s)时达到最大值[218 mmol/(m~2·s)]。光合速率和气孔导度与光合有效辐射呈正相关。
The growth of trees mainly relies on the photosynthesis of leaves accumulating organic matter. Photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance are the most important factors reflecting the photosynthesis of trees. It is important to understand the physiological action of trees by making the correlation among them clear. This paper reported the change regulation of photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of Acer saccharum under different photoperiod conditions. The changes of photosynthetic rate(Pn) and stomatal conductance(Gs) were measured using CIRAS-2 photosynthesis equipment according to changing the photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) at the range of 0-1 200 μmol/(m~2·s) under different photoperiod conditions. We established the PAR-Pn and PAR-Gs response curves and analyzed the correlation between the three numerical values. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate of sugar maple was 4.3 μmol/(m~2·s) at 25-27 ℃ when other factors remain unchanged. The photosynthetic rate was stable when the light time was above 5 minutes. Furthermore, the photosynthetic rate was a maximum of4.3 μmol/(m~2·s) when the photosynthetically active radiation reached 900 μmol/(m~2·s). From the changes of photosynthetically active radiation and photosynthetic rate,the stomata had not make an effective response to the external light and showed irregular changes when the light time was less than 2 minutes. The stomata had enough time to respond to the changes of light and showed bi-modal curve with the change of photosynthetically active radiation when the light time was more than 5 minutes.The stomatal conductance reached the maximum value of 218 μmol/(m~2·s),when the photosynthetically active radiation was 600 μmol/(m~2·s). The photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were positively related to photosynthetically active radiation.
The growth of trees mainly relies on the photosynthesis of leaves accumulating organic matter. Photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance are the most important factors reflecting the photosynthesis of trees. It is important to understand the physiological action of trees by making the correlation among them clear. This paper reported the change regulation of photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of Acer saccharum under different photoperiod conditions. The changes of photosynthetic rate(Pn) and stomatal conductance(Gs) were measured using CIRAS-2 photosynthesis equipment according to changing the photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) at the range of 0-1 200 μmol/(m~2·s) under different photoperiod conditions. We established the PAR-Pn and PAR-Gs response curves and analyzed the correlation between the three numerical values. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate of sugar maple was 4.3 μmol/(m~2·s) at 25-27 ℃ when other factors remain unchanged. The photosynthetic rate was stable when the light time was above 5 minutes. Furthermore, the photosynthetic rate was a maximum of4.3 μmol/(m~2·s) when the photosynthetically active radiation reached 900 μmol/(m~2·s). From the changes of photosynthetically active radiation and photosynthetic rate,the stomata had not make an effective response to the external light and showed irregular changes when the light time was less than 2 minutes. The stomata had enough time to respond to the changes of light and showed bi-modal curve with the change of photosynthetically active radiation when the light time was more than 5 minutes.The stomatal conductance reached the maximum value of 218 μmol/(m~2·s),when the photosynthetically active radiation was 600 μmol/(m~2·s). The photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were positively related to photosynthetically active radiation.
引文
[1]Godman R M,Yawney H W,Tubbs C H.Acer saccharum Marsh.sugar maple[M]//Bums R Mhonkala B H.Silvics of North America,Agricultural handbook 654,VOL 2.Washinton,DC:USDA Forest Service,1990:78-91.
[2]Juice S M,Fahey T J,Siccama T G.Response of sugar maple to calcium addition to northern hardwood forest[J].Ecology,2006,87:1267-1280.
[3]Moore J D,Camir C,Ouimet R.Effects of liming on the nutrition,vigor,and growth of sugar maple at the Lake Clair Watershed,Quebec,Canada[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research,2000,30(5):725-732.
[4]闻婧,张俊,孟力力,韦金河,李倩中,李淑顺.夏季遮光对糖槭光合特性和叶绿素荧光动力学特征的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(8):189-190.
[5]钟景林,任杰,任明莹,赵静雯,傅松玲,丁增成.不同种源糖槭的抗热性比较研究[J].安徽农业科学,2015,42(18):193-195,224.
[6]李倩中,苏家乐,陈尚平,刘晓青,项立平.两种类型槭树光合作用及其影响因子初探[J].江西农业学报,2007,19(9):35-37.
[7]裴斌,张光灿,张淑勇,吴芹,徐志强,徐萍.土壤干旱胁迫对沙棘叶片光合作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(5):1386-1396.
[8]李倩中,苏家乐,陈尚平,刘晓青.三种槭树科植物光合特性日变化研究[J].安徽农学通报,2007,13(6):20-21.
[9]Von Caemmerer S,Lawson T,Oxborough K,Bake NR,Andrews TJ,Raines CA.Stomatal conductance does not correlate with photosynthetic capacity in transgenic tobacco with reduced amounts of Rubisco[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2004,55:1157-1166.
[10]叶子飘,于强.植物气孔导度的机理模型[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(4):772-782.
[11]项文化,田大伦,闫文德,罗勇.白栎光合特性对二氧化碳浓度增加和温度升高的响应[J].浙江林学院学报,2004,21(3):247-253.
[12]林金科,赖明志,詹梓金.茶树叶片净光合速率对生态因子的响应[J].生态学报,2000,20(3):404-408.
[13]钱胜艳.温光条件对辣椒光合作用的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2016.
[14]闫伟平,赵洪祥,张丽华,李海,谭国波,方向前,石丰敏,孟祥盟,孙宁,梁炳赫,边少锋,彭涛涛.半干旱区温度变化对不同密度玉米植株光合作用的影响[J].吉林农业科学,2015,40(5):14-20.
[15]钟楚,张明达,胡雪琼,朱勇.温度变化对烟草光合作用光响应特征的影响[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(2):337-341.
[16]赵玉萍,邹志荣,杨振超,胡晓辉,白鹏威,李鹏飞,任雷.不同温度和光照对温室番茄光合作用及果实品质的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2010,38(5):125-130.
[17]张治安,杨福,陈展宇,徐克章.菰叶片净光合速率日变化及其与环境因子的相互关系[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(3):502-509.
[18]李映雪,谢晓金,李永秀,周晓冬.3种彩叶植物光合生理特性的差异[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(5):64-66.
[19]许红梅,高琼,黄永梅,贾海坤.黄土高原森林草原区6种植物光合特性研究[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(2):157-163.
[20]黄成林,傅松玲,梁淑云.5种攀缘植物光合作用与光因子关系的初步研究[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(7):1131-1134.
[21]唐凤德,武耀祥,韩士杰,张军辉.长白山阔叶红松林叶片气孔导度与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,2008,28(11):5649-5655.
[22]司建华,常宗强,苏永红,席海洋,冯起.胡杨叶片气孔导度特征及其对环境因子的响应[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(1):125-130.
[23]陈真勇.大麦气孔导度、蒸腾速率对光照强度的响应[J].农技服务,2015,32(12):8-11.
[24]王海珍,韩路,徐雅丽,牛建龙.不同温度下灰胡杨叶片气孔导度对光强响应的模型分析[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(5):741-748.
[2]Juice S M,Fahey T J,Siccama T G.Response of sugar maple to calcium addition to northern hardwood forest[J].Ecology,2006,87:1267-1280.
[3]Moore J D,Camir C,Ouimet R.Effects of liming on the nutrition,vigor,and growth of sugar maple at the Lake Clair Watershed,Quebec,Canada[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research,2000,30(5):725-732.
[4]闻婧,张俊,孟力力,韦金河,李倩中,李淑顺.夏季遮光对糖槭光合特性和叶绿素荧光动力学特征的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(8):189-190.
[5]钟景林,任杰,任明莹,赵静雯,傅松玲,丁增成.不同种源糖槭的抗热性比较研究[J].安徽农业科学,2015,42(18):193-195,224.
[6]李倩中,苏家乐,陈尚平,刘晓青,项立平.两种类型槭树光合作用及其影响因子初探[J].江西农业学报,2007,19(9):35-37.
[7]裴斌,张光灿,张淑勇,吴芹,徐志强,徐萍.土壤干旱胁迫对沙棘叶片光合作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(5):1386-1396.
[8]李倩中,苏家乐,陈尚平,刘晓青.三种槭树科植物光合特性日变化研究[J].安徽农学通报,2007,13(6):20-21.
[9]Von Caemmerer S,Lawson T,Oxborough K,Bake NR,Andrews TJ,Raines CA.Stomatal conductance does not correlate with photosynthetic capacity in transgenic tobacco with reduced amounts of Rubisco[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2004,55:1157-1166.
[10]叶子飘,于强.植物气孔导度的机理模型[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(4):772-782.
[11]项文化,田大伦,闫文德,罗勇.白栎光合特性对二氧化碳浓度增加和温度升高的响应[J].浙江林学院学报,2004,21(3):247-253.
[12]林金科,赖明志,詹梓金.茶树叶片净光合速率对生态因子的响应[J].生态学报,2000,20(3):404-408.
[13]钱胜艳.温光条件对辣椒光合作用的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2016.
[14]闫伟平,赵洪祥,张丽华,李海,谭国波,方向前,石丰敏,孟祥盟,孙宁,梁炳赫,边少锋,彭涛涛.半干旱区温度变化对不同密度玉米植株光合作用的影响[J].吉林农业科学,2015,40(5):14-20.
[15]钟楚,张明达,胡雪琼,朱勇.温度变化对烟草光合作用光响应特征的影响[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(2):337-341.
[16]赵玉萍,邹志荣,杨振超,胡晓辉,白鹏威,李鹏飞,任雷.不同温度和光照对温室番茄光合作用及果实品质的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2010,38(5):125-130.
[17]张治安,杨福,陈展宇,徐克章.菰叶片净光合速率日变化及其与环境因子的相互关系[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(3):502-509.
[18]李映雪,谢晓金,李永秀,周晓冬.3种彩叶植物光合生理特性的差异[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(5):64-66.
[19]许红梅,高琼,黄永梅,贾海坤.黄土高原森林草原区6种植物光合特性研究[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(2):157-163.
[20]黄成林,傅松玲,梁淑云.5种攀缘植物光合作用与光因子关系的初步研究[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(7):1131-1134.
[21]唐凤德,武耀祥,韩士杰,张军辉.长白山阔叶红松林叶片气孔导度与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,2008,28(11):5649-5655.
[22]司建华,常宗强,苏永红,席海洋,冯起.胡杨叶片气孔导度特征及其对环境因子的响应[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(1):125-130.
[23]陈真勇.大麦气孔导度、蒸腾速率对光照强度的响应[J].农技服务,2015,32(12):8-11.
[24]王海珍,韩路,徐雅丽,牛建龙.不同温度下灰胡杨叶片气孔导度对光强响应的模型分析[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(5):741-748.
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