一种混合励磁同步发电机的气隙磁密分析及其电压谐波抑制
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摘要
为改善混合励磁同步发电机的气隙磁密分布,采用三段式气隙长度对转子进行了优化,对比了优化前后的气隙磁密。为抑制电压谐波,在完成转子结构优化的基础上,进一步采用短距、分布电枢绕组以及定子斜槽等措施。最后对样机电压波形进行了实测和质量分析,结果表明:采用三段式气隙长度与定子斜槽相结合,可将电压波形的总谐波失真(THD)抑制在5%的范围内。此外,探讨了偏心距法在切向/径向混合励磁电机中应用的可行性,并对比了分别采用偏心距法和三段式气隙长度法时的气隙磁密。
In order to improve the air-gap magnetic field distribution of hybrid excitation synchronous generator, a method named three-level air-gap length was introduced to optimize the rotor structure. The air-gap flux densities, before and after optimization based on this method were analyzed and compared. After the rotor structure was optimized, the armature winding scheme with short pitch, distributed arrangement and skewed slots was adopted for a better voltage waveform quality. Then, prototype was tested to analyze its harmonic components of phase voltage with a power analyzer. Experimental results demonstrated that the total harmonic distortion(THD) of voltage could be restrained to the acceptable range(less than 5%) based on the combination of the three-level air-gap length and the stator skewed slots. Finally, feasibility of the eccentric-distance method used in the tangential/radial hybrid excitation synchronous generator was discussed, and the calculation results of air-gap flux density were compared for the eccentric-distance method and the three-level air-gap length method.
In order to improve the air-gap magnetic field distribution of hybrid excitation synchronous generator, a method named three-level air-gap length was introduced to optimize the rotor structure. The air-gap flux densities, before and after optimization based on this method were analyzed and compared. After the rotor structure was optimized, the armature winding scheme with short pitch, distributed arrangement and skewed slots was adopted for a better voltage waveform quality. Then, prototype was tested to analyze its harmonic components of phase voltage with a power analyzer. Experimental results demonstrated that the total harmonic distortion(THD) of voltage could be restrained to the acceptable range(less than 5%) based on the combination of the three-level air-gap length and the stator skewed slots. Finally, feasibility of the eccentric-distance method used in the tangential/radial hybrid excitation synchronous generator was discussed, and the calculation results of air-gap flux density were compared for the eccentric-distance method and the three-level air-gap length method.
引文
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[14] 刘迪吉.航空电机学[M].北京: 航空工业出版社,1992.
[15] 徐英雷,李群湛,王涛.永磁同步电机空载气隙磁密波形优化[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(4): 513.
[2] KAMIEV K, NERG J, PYRHONEN J, et al. Hybrid excitation synchronous generators for island operation[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2012,6(1): 1.
[3] 朱孝勇,程明,赵文祥,等.混合励磁电机技术综述与发展展望[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(1): 30.
[4] 宁银行,赵朝会,刘闯.混合励磁电机的技术现状及新进展[J].电机与控制应用,2017,44(5): 1.
[5] 宁银行,刘闯,干兴业,等.两级式无刷混合励磁同步电机的电磁设计及分析[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2016,50(3): 519.
[6] NING Y H, LIU C, ZHU S S, et al. Design and finite element analysis of a hybrid excitation synchronous machine[J].International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics,2015,48(1): 11.
[7] 朱姝姝,刘闯,宁银行,等.一种新型混合励磁同步发电机的两级式无刷励磁方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(21): 99.
[8] GRIFFO A, WROBEL R, MELLOR P H, et al. Design and characterization of a three-phase brushless exciter for aircraft starter/generator[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2013,49(5): 2106.
[9] GRIFFO A, DRURY D, SAWATA T, et al. Sensorless starting of a wound-field synchronous starter/generator for aerospace applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2012,59(9): 3579.
[10] 马鹏,刘卫国,骆光照,等.一种三级式航空无刷同步电机起动控制策略[J].电机与控制学报,2012,16(11): 29.
[11] 汤蕴璆.电机学(第四版)[M].北京: 机械工业出版社,2011: 145.
[12] 黄劭刚,王善铭,夏永洪.同步发电机空载电压波形的齿磁通计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(13): 135.
[13] TENHUNEN A, ARKKIO A. Modelling of induction machines with skewed rotor slots[J].IEE Proceedings-Electrical Power Applications,2001,148(1): 45.
[14] 刘迪吉.航空电机学[M].北京: 航空工业出版社,1992.
[15] 徐英雷,李群湛,王涛.永磁同步电机空载气隙磁密波形优化[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(4): 513.