拉萨河流域青稞系统土壤微生物群落对多幅度增温的响应（英文）
|
摘要
目前有关青藏高原农田土壤微生物量及群落组成对实验增温的响应还未见报道。2014年5月,在西藏的一个青稞田布设了三个增温梯度实验(即对照、低幅度增温和高幅度增温)。低幅度增温和高幅度增温分别显著提高了土壤15cm深处的土壤温度1.02℃和1.59℃。2014年9月14日,对青稞田0–10 cm和10–20 cm的土壤进行了取样,之后通过磷脂脂肪酸法分析了土壤微生物群落组成。低幅度增温没有显著影响0–10cm和10–20cm的土壤总磷脂脂肪酸量、真菌、细菌、丛植菌根真菌、放线菌、革兰氏阳性细菌、革兰氏阴性细菌、原生动物、真菌与细菌比、革兰氏阳性细菌与革兰氏阴性细菌比、土壤微生物群落组成;高幅度增温显著增加了土壤0–10 cm的74.4%的土壤总磷脂脂肪酸、78.0%的真菌、74.0%的细菌、66.9%的丛植菌根真菌、81.4%的放线菌、67.0%的革兰氏阳性细菌、74.4%的革兰氏阴性细菌,高幅度增温显著改变了0–10 cm的土壤微生物群落组成。高幅度增温对土壤10–20cm的土壤微生物群落组成、总的磷脂脂肪酸量、真菌、细菌、丛植菌根真菌、放线菌、革兰氏阳性细菌、革兰氏阴性细菌、原生动物、真菌与细菌比以及革兰氏阳性细菌与革兰氏阴性细菌比也都无显著影响。因此,土壤微生物群落组成对西藏青稞田实验增温的响应与增温幅度有关。
No studies have examined the effect of experimental warming on the microbial biomass and community composition of soil in agricultural ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Thus it is unclear whether the influences of experimental warming on microbial communities in soil are related to warming magnitude in croplands on this Plateau. This study performed warming experiment(control, low-and high-level) in a highland barley system of the Lhasa River in May 2014 to examine the correlation between the response of microbial communities in soil to warming and warming magnitude. Topsoil samples(0–10 and 10–20 cm) were collected on September 14, 2014. Experimental warming at both low and high levels significantly increased soil temperature by 1.02 ℃ and 1.59 ℃, respectively at the depth of 15 cm. Phospho lipid fatty acid(PLFA) method was used to determine the microbial community in soil. The low-level experimental warming did not significantly affect the soil's total PLFA, fungi, bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF), actinomycetes, gram-positive bacteria(G+), gram-negative bacteria(G–), protozoa, the ratio of fungi to bacteria(F/B ratio), and ratio of G+ to G–(G+/G– ratio) at the 0–10 and 10–20 cm depth. The low-level experimental warming also did not significantly alter the composition of microbial community in soil at the 0–10 and 10–20 cm depth. The high-level experimental warming significantly increased total PLFA by 74.4%, fungi by 78.0%, bacteria by 74.0%, AMF by 66.9%, actinomycetes by 81.4%, G+ by 67.0% and G– by 74.4% at the 0–10 cm depth rather than at 10–20 cm depth. The high-level experimental warming significantly altered microbial community composition in soil at the 0–10 cm depth rather than at 10-20 cm depth. Our findings suggest that the response of microbial communities in soil to warming varied with warming magnitudes in the highland barley system of the Lhasa River.
No studies have examined the effect of experimental warming on the microbial biomass and community composition of soil in agricultural ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Thus it is unclear whether the influences of experimental warming on microbial communities in soil are related to warming magnitude in croplands on this Plateau. This study performed warming experiment(control, low-and high-level) in a highland barley system of the Lhasa River in May 2014 to examine the correlation between the response of microbial communities in soil to warming and warming magnitude. Topsoil samples(0–10 and 10–20 cm) were collected on September 14, 2014. Experimental warming at both low and high levels significantly increased soil temperature by 1.02 ℃ and 1.59 ℃, respectively at the depth of 15 cm. Phospho lipid fatty acid(PLFA) method was used to determine the microbial community in soil. The low-level experimental warming did not significantly affect the soil's total PLFA, fungi, bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF), actinomycetes, gram-positive bacteria(G+), gram-negative bacteria(G–), protozoa, the ratio of fungi to bacteria(F/B ratio), and ratio of G+ to G–(G+/G– ratio) at the 0–10 and 10–20 cm depth. The low-level experimental warming also did not significantly alter the composition of microbial community in soil at the 0–10 and 10–20 cm depth. The high-level experimental warming significantly increased total PLFA by 74.4%, fungi by 78.0%, bacteria by 74.0%, AMF by 66.9%, actinomycetes by 81.4%, G+ by 67.0% and G– by 74.4% at the 0–10 cm depth rather than at 10–20 cm depth. The high-level experimental warming significantly altered microbial community composition in soil at the 0–10 cm depth rather than at 10-20 cm depth. Our findings suggest that the response of microbial communities in soil to warming varied with warming magnitudes in the highland barley system of the Lhasa River.
引文
Baath E,Anderson T H.2003.Comparison of soil fungal/bacterial ratios in a pH gradient using physiological and PLFA-based techniques.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,35(7):955-963.
Blankinship J C,Niklaus P A,Hungate B A.2011.A meta-analysis of responses of soil biota to global change.Oecologia,165(3):553-565.
Feng X,Simpson M J.2009.Temperature and substrate controls on microbial phospholipid fatty acid composition during incubation of grassland soils contrasting in organic matter quality.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,41(4):804-812.
Fu G,Shen Z X,Zhang X Z,et al.2012.Response of soil microbial biomass to short-term experimental warming in alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau.Applied Soil Ecology,61(SI):158-160.
Fu G,Shen Z X,Zhang X Z.2018.Increased precipitation has stronger effects on plant production of an alpine meadow than does experimental warming in the Northern Tibetan Plateau.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,249:11-21.
Fu G,Shen Z X.2016.Environmental humidity regulates effects of experimental warming on vegetation index and biomass production in an alpine meadow of the Northern Tibet.PLoS ONE,11(10):10.1371/journal.pone.0165643.
Fu G,Sun W,Li S W,et al.2018.Response of plant growth and biomass accumulation to short-term experimental warming in a highland barley system of the Tibet.Journal of Resources and Ecology,9(2):203-208.
Fu G,Zhang H R,Sun W.2019.Response of plant production to growing/non-growing season asymmetric warming in an alpine meadow of the Northern Tibetan Plateau.Science of the Total Environment,650:2666-2673.
Fu G.,Shen Z X,Sun W,et al.2015.A meta-analysis of the effects of experimental warming on plant physiology and growth on the Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Plant Growth Regulation,34(1):57-65.
Hamdi S,Moyano F,Sall S,et al.2013.Synthesis analysis of the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration from laboratory studies in relation to incubation methods and soil conditions.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,58:115-126.
IPCC.2013.Summary for Policymakers.In:Climate Change 2013:The Physical Science Basis.Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,United Kingdom and New York,NY,USA.
Ji Z M,Kang S C.2013.Double-nested dynamical downscaling experiments over the Tibetan Plateau and their projection of climate change under two RCP Scenarios.Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,70(4):1278-1290.
Kieft T L,Ringelberg D B,White D C.1994.Changes in ester-linked phospholipid fatty acid profiles of subsurface bacteria during starvation and desiccation in a porous medium.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,60(9):3292-3299.
Olsson P A,Baath E,Jacobsen I,et al.1995.The use of phospholipid and neutral lipid fatty acids to estimate biomass of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil.Mycological Research,99(9):623-629.
Papatheodorou E M,Argyropoulou M D,Stamou G P.2004.The effects of large-and small-scale differences in soil temperature and moisture on bacterial functional diversity and the community of bacterivorous nematodes.Applied Soil Ecology,25:37-49.
Rui J P,Li J B,Wang S P,et al.2015.Responses of bacterial communities to simulated climate changes in alpine meadow soil of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,81(17):6070-6077.
Shen Z X,Wang J W,Sun W,et al.2016.The soil drying along the increase of warming mask the relation between temperature and soil respiration in an alpine meadow of Northern Tibet.Polish Journal of Ecology,64:125-129.
Steinweg J M,Plante A F,Conant R T,et al.2008.Patterns of substrate utilization during long-term incubations at different temperatures.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,40(11):2722-2728.
Streit K,Hagedorn F,Hiltbrunner D,et al.2014.Soil warming alters microbial substrate use in alpine soils.Global Change Biology,20(4):1327-1338.
Xiong J,Sun H,Peng F,et al.2014.Characterizing changes in soil bacterial community structure in response to short-term warming.FEMS Microbiology Ecology,89(2):281-292.
Xu W F,Yuan W P,Dong W J,et al.2013.A meta-analysis of the response of soil moisture to experimental warming.Environmental Research Letters,8(4):doi:10.1088/1748-9326/1088/1084/044027.
Yu C Q,Han F S,Fu G.2019a.Effects of 7 years experimental warming on soil bacterial and fungal community structure in the Northern Tibet alpine meadow at three elevations.Science of the Total Environment,655:814-822.
Yu C Q,Wang J W,Shen Z X,et al.2019b.Effects of experimental warming and increased precipitation on soil respiration in an alpine meadow in the Northern Tibetan Plateau.Science of the Total Environment,647:1490-1497.
Zhang B,Chen S,He X,et al.2014.Responses of soil microbial communities to experimental warming in alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.PLoS ONE,9(8):e103859.doi:103810.101371/journal.pone.0103859
Zhang N,Liu W,Yang H,et al.2013.Soil microbial responses to warming and increased precipitation and their implications for ecosystem C cycling.Oecologia,173(3):1125-1142.
Zhang X Z,Shen Z X,Fu G.2015.A meta-analysis of the effects of experimental warming on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics on the Tibetan Plateau.Applied Soil Ecology,87:32-38.
Zhao C Z,Zhu L Y,Liang J,et al.2014.Effects of experimental warming and nitrogen fertilization on soil microbial communities and processes of two subalpine coniferous species in Eastern Tibetan Plateau,China.Plant and Soil,382(1-2):189-201.
Zhong Z M,Shen Z X,Fu G.2016.Response of soil respiration to experimental warming in a highland barley of the Tibet.SpringerPlus,5(137):doi:10.1186/s40064-40016-41761-40060.
Blankinship J C,Niklaus P A,Hungate B A.2011.A meta-analysis of responses of soil biota to global change.Oecologia,165(3):553-565.
Feng X,Simpson M J.2009.Temperature and substrate controls on microbial phospholipid fatty acid composition during incubation of grassland soils contrasting in organic matter quality.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,41(4):804-812.
Fu G,Shen Z X,Zhang X Z,et al.2012.Response of soil microbial biomass to short-term experimental warming in alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau.Applied Soil Ecology,61(SI):158-160.
Fu G,Shen Z X,Zhang X Z.2018.Increased precipitation has stronger effects on plant production of an alpine meadow than does experimental warming in the Northern Tibetan Plateau.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,249:11-21.
Fu G,Shen Z X.2016.Environmental humidity regulates effects of experimental warming on vegetation index and biomass production in an alpine meadow of the Northern Tibet.PLoS ONE,11(10):10.1371/journal.pone.0165643.
Fu G,Sun W,Li S W,et al.2018.Response of plant growth and biomass accumulation to short-term experimental warming in a highland barley system of the Tibet.Journal of Resources and Ecology,9(2):203-208.
Fu G,Zhang H R,Sun W.2019.Response of plant production to growing/non-growing season asymmetric warming in an alpine meadow of the Northern Tibetan Plateau.Science of the Total Environment,650:2666-2673.
Fu G.,Shen Z X,Sun W,et al.2015.A meta-analysis of the effects of experimental warming on plant physiology and growth on the Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Plant Growth Regulation,34(1):57-65.
Hamdi S,Moyano F,Sall S,et al.2013.Synthesis analysis of the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration from laboratory studies in relation to incubation methods and soil conditions.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,58:115-126.
IPCC.2013.Summary for Policymakers.In:Climate Change 2013:The Physical Science Basis.Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,United Kingdom and New York,NY,USA.
Ji Z M,Kang S C.2013.Double-nested dynamical downscaling experiments over the Tibetan Plateau and their projection of climate change under two RCP Scenarios.Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,70(4):1278-1290.
Kieft T L,Ringelberg D B,White D C.1994.Changes in ester-linked phospholipid fatty acid profiles of subsurface bacteria during starvation and desiccation in a porous medium.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,60(9):3292-3299.
Olsson P A,Baath E,Jacobsen I,et al.1995.The use of phospholipid and neutral lipid fatty acids to estimate biomass of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil.Mycological Research,99(9):623-629.
Papatheodorou E M,Argyropoulou M D,Stamou G P.2004.The effects of large-and small-scale differences in soil temperature and moisture on bacterial functional diversity and the community of bacterivorous nematodes.Applied Soil Ecology,25:37-49.
Rui J P,Li J B,Wang S P,et al.2015.Responses of bacterial communities to simulated climate changes in alpine meadow soil of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,81(17):6070-6077.
Shen Z X,Wang J W,Sun W,et al.2016.The soil drying along the increase of warming mask the relation between temperature and soil respiration in an alpine meadow of Northern Tibet.Polish Journal of Ecology,64:125-129.
Steinweg J M,Plante A F,Conant R T,et al.2008.Patterns of substrate utilization during long-term incubations at different temperatures.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,40(11):2722-2728.
Streit K,Hagedorn F,Hiltbrunner D,et al.2014.Soil warming alters microbial substrate use in alpine soils.Global Change Biology,20(4):1327-1338.
Xiong J,Sun H,Peng F,et al.2014.Characterizing changes in soil bacterial community structure in response to short-term warming.FEMS Microbiology Ecology,89(2):281-292.
Xu W F,Yuan W P,Dong W J,et al.2013.A meta-analysis of the response of soil moisture to experimental warming.Environmental Research Letters,8(4):doi:10.1088/1748-9326/1088/1084/044027.
Yu C Q,Han F S,Fu G.2019a.Effects of 7 years experimental warming on soil bacterial and fungal community structure in the Northern Tibet alpine meadow at three elevations.Science of the Total Environment,655:814-822.
Yu C Q,Wang J W,Shen Z X,et al.2019b.Effects of experimental warming and increased precipitation on soil respiration in an alpine meadow in the Northern Tibetan Plateau.Science of the Total Environment,647:1490-1497.
Zhang B,Chen S,He X,et al.2014.Responses of soil microbial communities to experimental warming in alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.PLoS ONE,9(8):e103859.doi:103810.101371/journal.pone.0103859
Zhang N,Liu W,Yang H,et al.2013.Soil microbial responses to warming and increased precipitation and their implications for ecosystem C cycling.Oecologia,173(3):1125-1142.
Zhang X Z,Shen Z X,Fu G.2015.A meta-analysis of the effects of experimental warming on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics on the Tibetan Plateau.Applied Soil Ecology,87:32-38.
Zhao C Z,Zhu L Y,Liang J,et al.2014.Effects of experimental warming and nitrogen fertilization on soil microbial communities and processes of two subalpine coniferous species in Eastern Tibetan Plateau,China.Plant and Soil,382(1-2):189-201.
Zhong Z M,Shen Z X,Fu G.2016.Response of soil respiration to experimental warming in a highland barley of the Tibet.SpringerPlus,5(137):doi:10.1186/s40064-40016-41761-40060.