考虑效率差异和流动分配的混流装配线工人优化
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摘要
本文研究了考虑工人装配水平差异、不同工位之间可以流动分配的装配线工人优化调度,在确定混流装配线的排序后,装配工人在其最擅长的工位工作,在完成本工位的工作后参与其他工位的装配工作,定义相关的优化因素变量和约束条件,建立了考虑工人工位效率差异且可流动分配的混流装配线工人优化数学模型。采用削峰填谷算法和多种群移民算法进行工人的调整和均衡优化,利用一个三层神经网络对削峰填谷的工位进行评估选择,得到工人的最优分配方案,最后通过Matlab对举例进行了验证。算例优化后,减少了2名装配工人,并提高了装配线的平衡率。
The optimal workers scheduling of assembly line considering the differences in worker assembly levels and the flow distribution between different workstations was analyzed. After determining the sort of mixed flow assembly line, the assembly worker worked in the workstation where she/he was good at and took part in the assembly work of other stations after completing the work in this workstation. An optimized mathematical model of mixed-flow assembly line workers considering the difference in workstation efficiency and flow distribution was established after the definition of the relevant optimization factor variables and constraints. The peak sharpening algorithm and multiple population migration algorithm were adopted for the adjustment of the workers and balance optimization, and then a three-layer neural network to evaluate peak cutting the location choice was used to obtain the optimal allocation of workers. Finally, an example was given to verify the listed model with Matlab, and two assembly workers were reduced and the assembly line balance rate was increased.
The optimal workers scheduling of assembly line considering the differences in worker assembly levels and the flow distribution between different workstations was analyzed. After determining the sort of mixed flow assembly line, the assembly worker worked in the workstation where she/he was good at and took part in the assembly work of other stations after completing the work in this workstation. An optimized mathematical model of mixed-flow assembly line workers considering the difference in workstation efficiency and flow distribution was established after the definition of the relevant optimization factor variables and constraints. The peak sharpening algorithm and multiple population migration algorithm were adopted for the adjustment of the workers and balance optimization, and then a three-layer neural network to evaluate peak cutting the location choice was used to obtain the optimal allocation of workers. Finally, an example was given to verify the listed model with Matlab, and two assembly workers were reduced and the assembly line balance rate was increased.
引文
[1]杨世君,赵玲,齐二石.基于GT-NSGA2的混流装配线设施规划与布局应用研究[J].工业工程与管理,2018,23(01):64-70.YANG Shijun,ZHAO Ling,QI Ershi.A research for the facility layout problem of mixed model assenbly line based on GT-NSGA2[J].Industrial Engineering and Management,2018,23(01):64-70.
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[10]张宏林,殷复鹏,吴爱华.双边多工位装配线平衡问题[J].计算机集成制造系统,2013,19(2):421-428.ZHANG Honglin,YIN Fupeng,WU Aihua.Heuristic algorithm of two sided with multi-parallel stations as assembly line balancing[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2013,19(2):421-428.
[11]DELICE Y,AYDO?AN E K,?ZCAN U,et al.A modified particle swarm optimization algorithm to mixed-model twosided assembly line balancing[J].Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing,2017,28(1):23-36.
[12]LI Z,TANG Q,ZHANG L P.Two-sided assembly line balancing problem of type I:Improvements,a simple algorithm and a comprehensive study[J].Computers&Operations Research,2017,79:78-93.
[13]BUKCHIN Y,RAVIV T.Constraint programming for solving various assembly line balancing problems[J].Omega,2018,78:57-68.
[14]KUCUKKOC I,ZHANG D Z.Mixed-model parallel two-sided assembly line balancing problem:A flexible agent-based ant colony optimization approach[J].Computers&Industrial Engineering,2016,97:58-72.
[15]SUNGUR B,YAVUZ Y.Assembly line balancing with hierarchical worker assignment[J].Journal of Manufacturing Systems,2015,37:290-298.
[16]LI Z,KUCUKKOC I,NILAKANTAN J M.Comprehensive review and evaluation of heuristics and meta-heuristics for twosided assembly line balancing problem[J].Computers&Operations Research,2017,84:146-161.
[17]AKPINAR S,ELMI A,BEKTA?T.Combinatorial benders cuts for assembly line balancing problems with setups[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2017,259(2):527-537.
[18]?IL Z A,METE S,?ZCEYLAN E,et al.A beam search approach for solving type II robotic parallel assembly line balancing problem[J].Applied Soft Computing,2017,61:129-138.
[19]PEREIRA J,áLVAREZ-MIRANDA E.An exact approach for the robust assembly line balancing problem[J].Omega,2018,78:85-98.
[2]江新利,苏平,戚留举.冷柜门体混流装配线排序问题研究[J].工业工程,2017,20(03):53-59.JIANG Xinli,SU Ping,QIN Liujun.A study of mixed-model assembly line sequencing problem of freezer door[J].Industrial Engineering Journal,2017,20(03):53-59.
[3]BATTA?A O,DELORME X,DOLGUI A,et al.Workforce minimization for a mixed-model assembly line in the automotive industry[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2015,170:489-500.
[4]OKSUZ M K,BUYUKOZKAN K,SATOGLU S I.U-shaped assembly line worker assignment and balancing problem:a mathematical model and two meta-heuristics[J].Computers&Industrial Engineering,2017,112:246-263.
[5]AKPINAR S,BAYHAN G M.Performance evaluation of ant colony optimization-based solution strategies on the mixedmodel assembly line balancing problem[J].Engineering Optimization,2014,46(6):842-862.
[6]刘绘珍,张毕西,张湘伟.考虑工人差异性的混合生产线工人分配优化模型[J].科技管理研究,2012,32(09):210-213.LIU Huizhen,ZHANG Bixi,ZHANG Xiangwei.Optimization model of worker operation assignment in production line[J].Science and Technology Management Research,2012,32(09):210-213.
[7]常建娥,李帅,莫易敏,等.基于装配相似性与灰色模型的汽车装配工时预测[J].工业工程,2018,21(03):87-92.CHANG Jian′e,LI Shuai,MO Yimin,et al.Man-hour prediction method for automobile assembly based on assembly similarity and Grey Mode[J].Industrial Engineering Journal,2018,21(03):87-92.
[8]何善平,奚立峰.发动机装配线平衡方法研究[J].工业工程,2005,8(3):83-88.HE Shanping,XI Lifeng.Method for engine assembly line balancing[J].Industrial Engineering Journal,2005,8(3):83-88.
[9]刘芹.基于智能优化算法的汽车发动机混流装配线排序问题研究[D].燕山大学,2014.LIU Qin.The car-motor mixed model assembly line sequencing research based on intelligent optimization algorithms[D].Yanshan university,2014.
[10]张宏林,殷复鹏,吴爱华.双边多工位装配线平衡问题[J].计算机集成制造系统,2013,19(2):421-428.ZHANG Honglin,YIN Fupeng,WU Aihua.Heuristic algorithm of two sided with multi-parallel stations as assembly line balancing[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2013,19(2):421-428.
[11]DELICE Y,AYDO?AN E K,?ZCAN U,et al.A modified particle swarm optimization algorithm to mixed-model twosided assembly line balancing[J].Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing,2017,28(1):23-36.
[12]LI Z,TANG Q,ZHANG L P.Two-sided assembly line balancing problem of type I:Improvements,a simple algorithm and a comprehensive study[J].Computers&Operations Research,2017,79:78-93.
[13]BUKCHIN Y,RAVIV T.Constraint programming for solving various assembly line balancing problems[J].Omega,2018,78:57-68.
[14]KUCUKKOC I,ZHANG D Z.Mixed-model parallel two-sided assembly line balancing problem:A flexible agent-based ant colony optimization approach[J].Computers&Industrial Engineering,2016,97:58-72.
[15]SUNGUR B,YAVUZ Y.Assembly line balancing with hierarchical worker assignment[J].Journal of Manufacturing Systems,2015,37:290-298.
[16]LI Z,KUCUKKOC I,NILAKANTAN J M.Comprehensive review and evaluation of heuristics and meta-heuristics for twosided assembly line balancing problem[J].Computers&Operations Research,2017,84:146-161.
[17]AKPINAR S,ELMI A,BEKTA?T.Combinatorial benders cuts for assembly line balancing problems with setups[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2017,259(2):527-537.
[18]?IL Z A,METE S,?ZCEYLAN E,et al.A beam search approach for solving type II robotic parallel assembly line balancing problem[J].Applied Soft Computing,2017,61:129-138.
[19]PEREIRA J,áLVAREZ-MIRANDA E.An exact approach for the robust assembly line balancing problem[J].Omega,2018,78:85-98.