光温因子对湄潭翠芽春茶品质的影响
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摘要
为探索通过调控春季茶园光温生态因子提升茶叶品质的理论依据,以福鼎大白茶和黔湄601茶为研究对象,结合春茶生长期间茶园温度和光照数据,分析不同采收期(清明前、谷雨前)茶叶品质成分的变化规律。结果表明:湄潭翠芽春茶品质随温度升高、光照增强而有所下降,谷雨茶品质低于明前茶;茶叶品质对生长期间温度、光照的变幅有明显的生理响应,光照增强和日照量增大是引起茶叶品质下降的主导因素。为稳定春茶品质,可考虑在清明节后在茶园通过遮光、滤光的调控措施来提高后期春茶品质。
In order to provide theoretical references for improving the quality of spring tea by regulating daylength and temperature of tea garden in spring,Fuding Dabaicha and Qianmei 601 of Meitancuiyagreen tea samples were studied in the experiment.The change law of quality components in different harvesting time(pre-Qingming Festival and pre-Grain rain)was determined in the lab,according to temperature and light of tea garden during the growth period in spring.The results showed that the quality of spring tea " Meitancuiya" decreased with the increase of temperature and light intensity.Moreover,the quality of tea picked during Grain rain was lower than that of pre-Qingming Festival.The quality of tea had obvious physiological response to the temperature and light during the growing period,and the increase of light intensity and amount was the main factors causing the decline of tea quality.In order to stabilize the quality of spring tea,shading and filtering measures could be taken to improve the quality of late spring tea in tea garden after Qingming Festival.
In order to provide theoretical references for improving the quality of spring tea by regulating daylength and temperature of tea garden in spring,Fuding Dabaicha and Qianmei 601 of Meitancuiyagreen tea samples were studied in the experiment.The change law of quality components in different harvesting time(pre-Qingming Festival and pre-Grain rain)was determined in the lab,according to temperature and light of tea garden during the growth period in spring.The results showed that the quality of spring tea " Meitancuiya" decreased with the increase of temperature and light intensity.Moreover,the quality of tea picked during Grain rain was lower than that of pre-Qingming Festival.The quality of tea had obvious physiological response to the temperature and light during the growing period,and the increase of light intensity and amount was the main factors causing the decline of tea quality.In order to stabilize the quality of spring tea,shading and filtering measures could be taken to improve the quality of late spring tea in tea garden after Qingming Festival.
引文
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[16]李治鑫,李鑫,范利超,等.高温胁迫对茶树叶片光合系统的影响[J].茶叶科学,2015,35(5):415-422.
[17]宛晓春,夏涛.茶树次生代谢[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:51-100.
[18]杨清平,毛清黎.猕猴桃与茶间作对茶园生态环境及夏秋茶产量和品质的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(11):2566-2568.
[2]ZHOU Q Q,CHEN Z D,LEE J,et al.Proteomic analysis of tea plants(Camellia sinensis)with purple young shoots during leaf development[J].Plos One,2017,12(5):11-18.
[3]石元值,方丽,吕闰强.树冠微域环境对茶树碳氮代谢的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(5):1250-1261.
[4]杨海滨,盛忠雷,谢堃,等.不同栽培模式对山地茶园生态环境和茶叶品质的季节调控[J].西南农业学报,2015,28(4):1559-1563.
[5]付晓青,陈佩,秦志敏,等.遮荫处理对丘陵茶园生态环境及茶树气体交换的影响[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(8):40-46.
[6]宛晓春.茶叶生物化学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2017:132.
[7]曾超珍,刘仲华,刘志祥,等.代谢组学在茶树研究中的应用进展[J].植物生理学报,2017,53(9):1591-1597.
[8]张明露,唐俊,宋勤飞,等.春茶不同采摘期对茶叶品质的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2018,46(8):131-134.
[9]郭桂义,刘黎,胡强,等.春季不同时期信阳毛尖的化学成分和品质的比较研究[J].食品科技,2007(9):141-144.
[10]吴婧,徐平,金志凤,等.茶叶主要品质成分含量在采摘期的变化研究[J].中国茶叶加工,2015(2):24-28.
[11]王玉,李倩,丁兆堂,等.不同采摘期崂山绿茶主要品质化学因子构成及变化研究[J].青岛农业大学学报,2009,26(3):212-214.
[12]ZHANG Q,SHI Y,MA L,et al.Metabolomic analysis using ultra-performance liquid chromatographyquadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF MS)uncovers the effects of light intensity and temperature under shading treatments on the metabolites in tea[J].Plos One,2014,9(11):112572.
[13]郑吉文,马会杰,谢瑾,等.茶树品种铁观音和金萱引种云南茶叶品质成分的比较研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2018,33(1):106-112.
[14]RUAN J,HAERDTER R,GERENDáS J.Impact of nitrogen supply on carbon/nitrogen allocation:a case study on amino acids and catechins in green tea[Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze]plants[J].Plant Biology,2010(12):724-734.
[15]杨亚军.中国茶树栽培学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005:116-121.
[16]李治鑫,李鑫,范利超,等.高温胁迫对茶树叶片光合系统的影响[J].茶叶科学,2015,35(5):415-422.
[17]宛晓春,夏涛.茶树次生代谢[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:51-100.
[18]杨清平,毛清黎.猕猴桃与茶间作对茶园生态环境及夏秋茶产量和品质的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(11):2566-2568.