竖直微润灌土壤水分运动数值模拟与验证
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摘要
为进一步认识微润灌土壤水分运动规律,进而指导微润灌工程设计,依据非饱和土壤水分运动理论,建立了竖直微润灌土壤水分运动模型,并用SWMS-2D软件进行求解。通过室内试验,对单位长度微润管入渗量、土壤湿润锋运移值和土壤剖面含水率等指标的模拟值进行分析验证。结果表明,模拟值与实测值一致性较好,所建模型能比较真实地反映竖直微润灌土壤水分运动的状况,利用SWMS-2D软件对竖直微润灌土壤水分运动进行模拟具有可行性。
Further understanding of the soil water movement in moistube-irrigation can be guidance for engineering design.A mathematical model of soil water movement in vertical moistube-irrigation was established based on the unsaturated soil water movement theory. The model was then solved by the SWMS-2D software. The simulated indexes,including the infiltration capacity per unit length,movement of the soil wetting front and moisture content in the soil profiles were verified by indoor moistube-irrigation experiments. It shows that the simulated results agreed well with measured values,indicating that the model can truly reflect soil water movement during moistube-irrigation. It is feasible to simulate soil water movement for the vertical moistube-irrigation is proved by SWMS-2D.
Further understanding of the soil water movement in moistube-irrigation can be guidance for engineering design.A mathematical model of soil water movement in vertical moistube-irrigation was established based on the unsaturated soil water movement theory. The model was then solved by the SWMS-2D software. The simulated indexes,including the infiltration capacity per unit length,movement of the soil wetting front and moisture content in the soil profiles were verified by indoor moistube-irrigation experiments. It shows that the simulated results agreed well with measured values,indicating that the model can truly reflect soil water movement during moistube-irrigation. It is feasible to simulate soil water movement for the vertical moistube-irrigation is proved by SWMS-2D.
引文
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[18]SIMUNEK J,VOGEL T,VAN GENUCHTEN M T.The SWMS-2D code for simulating water flow and solute transport in two-dimensional variably saturated media[R].Riverside:US Salinity Laboratory,1992.
[2]杨文君,田磊,杜太生,等.半透膜节水灌溉技术的研究进展[J].水资源与水工程学报,2008,19(6):60-63.(YANG Wenjun,TIAN Lei,DU Taisheng,et al.Research prospect of the water-saving irrigation by semi-permeable film[J].Journal of Water Resources&Water Engineering,2008,19(6):60-63.(in Chinese))
[3]YANG Q.Irrigation method with semi permeable membrane,irrigation container and irrigation system made of semi permeable membrane and their application:EP,EP 2153714 A1[P].2010.
[4]张俊,牛文全,张琳琳,等.微润灌溉线源入渗湿润体特性试验研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2012,10(6):32-38.(ZHANG Jun,NIU Wenquan,ZHANG Linlin,et al.Experimental study on characters of wetted soil in moistube irrigation[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,10(6):32-38.(in Chinese))
[5]牛文全,张俊,张琳琳,等.埋深与压力对微润灌湿润体水分运移的影响[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(12):128-134.(NIU Wenquan,ZHANG Jun,ZHANG Linlin,et al.Effects of buried depth and pressure head on water movement of wetted soil during moistube-irrigation[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(12):128-134.(in Chinese))
[6]张俊,牛文全,张琳琳,等.初始含水率对微润灌溉线源入渗特征的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2014,32(1):72-79.(ZHANG Jun,NIU Wenquan,ZHANG Linlin,et al.Effects of soil initial water content on linesource infiltration characteristic in moistube irrigation[J].Journal of Drainage&Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2014,32(1):72-79.(in Chinese))
[7]吴卫熊,何令祖,张廷强,等.滴灌和微润灌条件下桂西北山区典型土壤水分运移规律分析[J].节水灌溉,2016(9):18-25.(WU Weixiong,HE Lingzu,ZHANG Tingqiang,et al.Research on soil-water movement characteristics of Guangxi main soil under the condition of moisture irrigation and drip irrigation[J].Water Saving Irrigation,2016(9):18-25.(in Chinese))
[8]祁世磊,谢香文,邱秀云,等.低压微润带出流与入渗试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2013,32(2):90-93.(QI Shilei,XIE Xiangwen,QIU Xiuyun,et al.Research on flow and infiltration of low-pressure moistube[J].Journal of Irrigation&Drainage,2013,32(2):90-93.(in Chinese))
[9]陈高听,郭凤台,王利书,等.基于HYDRUS的微润灌溉线源入渗数值模拟[J].人民黄河,2016,38(4):144-148.(CHEN Gaoting,GUO Feng Tai,WANG Lishu,et al.Numerical simulation of line source infiltration under moisture irrigation by HYDRUS[J].Yellow River,2016,38(4):144-148.(in Chinese))
[10]池宝亮,黄学芳,张冬梅,等.点源地下滴灌土壤水分运动数值模拟及验证[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(3):56-59.(CHI Baoliang,HUANG Xuefang,ZHANG Dongmei,et al.Numerical simulation and validation of soil water movement undersubsurface drip irrigation with pointsource emitter[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2005,21(3):56-59.(in Chinese))
[11]范严伟,马孝义,王波雷,等.膜孔灌土壤湿润体水分分布与入渗特性数值模拟[J].农业机械学报,2008,39(11):35-41.(FAN Yanyanwei,MA Xiaoyi WANG Bolei,et al.Numerical simulation on soil wetting pattern moisture distribution and infiltration characteristics for film hole irrigation[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2008,39(11):35-41.(in Chinese))
[12]郭向红,孙西欢,马娟娟.降雨灌溉蒸发条件下苹果园土壤水分运动数值模拟[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(11):68-73.(GUO Xianghong,SUN Xihuan,MA Juanjuan.Numerical simulation for root zone soil moisture movement of apple orchard under rainfall-irrigationevaporation[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2009,40(11):68-73.(in Chinese))
[13]李淑芹,王全九.垂直线源入渗土壤水分分布特性模拟[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(3):51-57.(LI Shuqing,WANG Quanjiu.Simulation of soil water distribution under vertical line source infiltration[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(3):51-57.(in Chinese))
[14]程勤波,陈喜,赵玲玲,等.饱和与非饱和带土壤水动力耦合模拟及入渗试验[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(3):284-289.(CHENG Qinbo,CHEN Xi,ZHAO Lingling,et al.Dynamic coupled modeling and infiltration experiment on soil water in saturated and unsaturated zones[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Science),2009,37(3):284-289.(in Chinese))
[15]雷志栋,胡和平.土壤水研究进展与评述[J].水科学进展,1999,10(3):311-318.(LEI Zhidong,HU Heping.A review of soil water research[J].Advances in Water Science,1999,10(3):311-318.(in Chinese))
[16]VAN GENUCHTEN M T.A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1980,44(5):892-898.
[17]杨红,邵孝侯,张林,等.天津滨海地区3种典型土壤水分物理特性[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(4):431-435.(YANG Hong,SHAO Xiaohou,ZHANG Lin,et al.Moisture-physical characteristics of three types of soils in Tianjin Binhai area[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Science),2011,39(4):431-435.(in Chinese))
[18]SIMUNEK J,VOGEL T,VAN GENUCHTEN M T.The SWMS-2D code for simulating water flow and solute transport in two-dimensional variably saturated media[R].Riverside:US Salinity Laboratory,1992.