煤层底板奥灰水害防治定向钻孔施工关键技术
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摘要
基于渭北某矿井煤层底板奥灰水害防治定向钻孔工程,对成孔关键技术进行了研究。研究结果表明:煤层底板以下46 m层位可实现深孔探查;空气钻进工艺可解决孔内排渣不畅及难成孔的问题;通孔钻具可保障套管下至设计深度;利用引导钻头,采用回转钻进工艺可实现深孔下套管;孔内高压注浆、环空静压补浆可确保套管封固质量;滑动定向钻进、回转钻进相结合可提高稳斜段钻进效率;以低于0.5 MPa的钻压在增倾角孔段顺利侧钻开分支;利用不同钻进方法判断含水地质异常体性质;回转钻进方式快速多回次透孔,或大角度定向钻进可穿过易塌孔层位。研究成果为渭北煤田底板奥灰水害防治提供了技术支撑与理论依据。
Based on the directional drilling project for the prevention and control of ordorician limestone karst water disaster in a mine of Weibei,the key technology of hole forming was studied. The results show that the deep hole exploration can be realized in the 46 m layer below the coal seam floor; the method of air drilling can successfully solve the problem of poor slag discharge and difficulty of hole formation. Drilling tools can ensure the casing pipe travels down to the design depth; deep-hole casing can be realized by using a rotary drill process by using a pilot drill; The internal high-pressure grouting and the annulus static pressure filling can ensure the sealing quality of the casting; the combination of slide directional drilling and rotary drilling can greatly improve the drilling efficiency; the branch hole can be successfully drilled in the section of increasing inclination angle with a drilling pressure of less than 0.5 MPa; different drilling methods are used to judge the properties of water-bearing geological anomalies; the rotary drilling method can be used for a fast and multi-passing through holes,or taking directional drilling of large angles to pass through the collapsible section. The research results provide technical support and theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the ordorician limestone karst water disaster in the Weibei coal field.
Based on the directional drilling project for the prevention and control of ordorician limestone karst water disaster in a mine of Weibei,the key technology of hole forming was studied. The results show that the deep hole exploration can be realized in the 46 m layer below the coal seam floor; the method of air drilling can successfully solve the problem of poor slag discharge and difficulty of hole formation. Drilling tools can ensure the casing pipe travels down to the design depth; deep-hole casing can be realized by using a rotary drill process by using a pilot drill; The internal high-pressure grouting and the annulus static pressure filling can ensure the sealing quality of the casting; the combination of slide directional drilling and rotary drilling can greatly improve the drilling efficiency; the branch hole can be successfully drilled in the section of increasing inclination angle with a drilling pressure of less than 0.5 MPa; different drilling methods are used to judge the properties of water-bearing geological anomalies; the rotary drilling method can be used for a fast and multi-passing through holes,or taking directional drilling of large angles to pass through the collapsible section. The research results provide technical support and theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the ordorician limestone karst water disaster in the Weibei coal field.
引文
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[12]李泉新,石智军,方俊.煤层底板超前注浆加固定向钻进技术与装备[J].金属矿山,2013,42(9):126-131.LI Quanxin,SHI Zhijun,FANG Jun.Drilling technology and equipmentfor pre-grouting reinforcement directional borehole in coal floor[J].Metal Mine,2013,42(9):126-131.
[13]姚宁平.我国煤矿井下近水平定向钻进技术的发展[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(4):78-80.YAO Ningping.Development trend of nearly horizontal directional drilling technology in coal mines of China[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(4):78-80.
[14]石智军,李泉新,姚克.煤矿井下水平定向钻进技术与装备的新进展[J].探矿工程,2015(4):12-16.SHI Zhijun,LI Quanxin,YAO Ke.Latest developments of horizontal directional drilling technology and the equipments for underground coal mine[J].Exploration Engineering,2015(4):12-16.
[15]郭冬兰,张立功.井下钻孔套管所下安全位置选择及封固工艺技术探讨[J].山东煤炭科技,2014(8):138-143.GUO Donglan,ZHANG Ligong.Discussion of selection of Casing installation safety position and drilling sealing technology[J].Shandong Coal Science and Technology,2014(8):138-143.
[16]郭冬兰,张立功.提高井下钻孔套管封固质量的工艺技术探讨[J].山东煤炭科技,2014(7):148-150.GUO Donglan,ZHANG Ligong.Discussion on technology to improve the sealing quality of the borehole casing[J].Shandong Coal Science and Technology,2014(7):148-150.
[17]赵永哲.煤矿井下近水平定向孔螺杆钻具钻进受控机理研究[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2008.
[18]许超.煤矿井下复合定向钻进技术优势探讨[J].金属矿山,2014,43(2):112-116.XU Chao.Discussion on superiority of compound directional drilling technology in underground coal mine[J].Metal Mine,2014,43(2):112-116.
[2]李晓龙,王英,安秀煜,等.澄合矿区百良煤矿矿井水害隐蔽致灾因素[C]//煤矿隐蔽致灾因素及探查技术研究.北京:煤炭工业出版社,2015:76-81.
[3]李竞生.华北型煤田水害防治技术进展[J].煤炭学报,1997,22(3):98-102.LI Jingsheng.Technical advance in control of hazards from karst water in coalfields in north China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1997,22(3):98-102.
[4]郝世俊,张晶.我国煤层气钻井技术及装备现状与展望[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):16-21,32.HAO Shijun,ZHANG Jing.Status and prospect of coalbed methane drillingtechnique and equipment in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):16-21,32.
[5]石智军,刘建林,李泉新.我国煤矿区钻进技术装备发展与应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):1-6.SHI Zhijun,LIU Jianlin,LI Quanxin.Development and application of drilling technique and equipment in coal mining[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):1-6.
[6]李昂,谷拴成,陈方方.带压开采煤层底板破坏深度理论分析及数值模拟:以陕西澄合矿区董家河煤矿5号煤层为例[J].煤田地质与勘探,2013,41(4):56-60.LI Ang,GU Shuanchen,CHEN Fangfang.Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of destroyed depth of coal seam floor during bearing mining:with seam No.5 in Dongjiahe mine,Chenghe mining area,Shaanxi as example[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2013,41(4):56-60.
[7]卫兆祥,郭小铭.韩城矿区下组煤开采底板扰动破坏规律研究[J].煤炭工程,2016(2):75-78.WEI Zhaoxiang,GUO Xiaoming.Study on floor disturbance and failure of lower group coal mining in Hancheng Mining Area[J].Coal Engineering,2016(2):75-78.
[8]代革联,薛小渊,许珂,等.基于脆弱性指数法的韩城矿区11号煤层底板突水危险性评价[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(8):112-117.DAI Gelian,XUE Xiaoyuan,XU Ke,et al.Risk assessment of water inrush of No.11 coal seam floor in Hancheng Mining Area on the basis of vulnerability index method[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(8):112-117.
[9]王苏健,陈通,李涛,等.承压水体上保水采煤注浆材料及技术[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):134-139.WANG Sujian,CHEN Tong,LI Tao,et al.Grouting material and technique in water protection mining above confined water[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):134-139.
[10]李长青,方俊,李泉新.煤层底板超前注浆加固定向孔注浆工艺技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2014,42(4):59-63.LIC hangqing,FANG Jun,LI Quanxin.The grouting technology of directional borehole for pre-grouting reinforcement in coal floor[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2014,42(4):59-63.
[11]金鑫,段会军,尚荣,等.煤矿薄隔水层开采奥灰水害定向钻探防治技术[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(10):86-90.JIN Xin,DUAN Huijun,SHANG Rong,et al.Ordovician limestone water prevention and control by directional drilling technology in coal mining above thin impermeable layer[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(10):86-90.
[12]李泉新,石智军,方俊.煤层底板超前注浆加固定向钻进技术与装备[J].金属矿山,2013,42(9):126-131.LI Quanxin,SHI Zhijun,FANG Jun.Drilling technology and equipmentfor pre-grouting reinforcement directional borehole in coal floor[J].Metal Mine,2013,42(9):126-131.
[13]姚宁平.我国煤矿井下近水平定向钻进技术的发展[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(4):78-80.YAO Ningping.Development trend of nearly horizontal directional drilling technology in coal mines of China[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(4):78-80.
[14]石智军,李泉新,姚克.煤矿井下水平定向钻进技术与装备的新进展[J].探矿工程,2015(4):12-16.SHI Zhijun,LI Quanxin,YAO Ke.Latest developments of horizontal directional drilling technology and the equipments for underground coal mine[J].Exploration Engineering,2015(4):12-16.
[15]郭冬兰,张立功.井下钻孔套管所下安全位置选择及封固工艺技术探讨[J].山东煤炭科技,2014(8):138-143.GUO Donglan,ZHANG Ligong.Discussion of selection of Casing installation safety position and drilling sealing technology[J].Shandong Coal Science and Technology,2014(8):138-143.
[16]郭冬兰,张立功.提高井下钻孔套管封固质量的工艺技术探讨[J].山东煤炭科技,2014(7):148-150.GUO Donglan,ZHANG Ligong.Discussion on technology to improve the sealing quality of the borehole casing[J].Shandong Coal Science and Technology,2014(7):148-150.
[17]赵永哲.煤矿井下近水平定向孔螺杆钻具钻进受控机理研究[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2008.
[18]许超.煤矿井下复合定向钻进技术优势探讨[J].金属矿山,2014,43(2):112-116.XU Chao.Discussion on superiority of compound directional drilling technology in underground coal mine[J].Metal Mine,2014,43(2):112-116.
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