水对致密气藏气相渗流能力作用机理研究
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摘要
为研究边底水和压裂液等流体的侵入对超低含水饱和度气藏气相渗流能力的影响,选取渗透率约为0. 100 m D的致密砂岩岩心,对岩心水驱过程中渗透率变化、气水两相渗流规律进行了实验研究。结果表明:地层水和去离子水引起的岩样渗透率变化模式相似,地层水引起的渗透率下降幅度小于去离子水引起的渗透率下降幅度;束缚水饱和度时,随含水饱和度增加气相渗透率下降明显,渗透率大的岩心下降规律是"先慢后快",渗透率小的岩心下降规律是"先快后慢";水的侵入对气相渗流能力影响严重,且随含水饱和度降低,气相渗透恢复率低于10%,渗透率损失高达90%以上。其中,由于气水两相相互作用导致的渗透率损失约为50%;由于微观结构变化导致的渗透率下降约为15%～40%。压裂液的性质对于储层开发具有重要影响,储层开发前,应配备合适的压裂液。
In order to reveal the effects of edge-bottom aquifer,fracturing fluid and other fluid intrusion on the gas seepage capacity of gas reservoir with ultra-low water saturation,the laboratory core waterflooding experiment was carried out to study the permeability changing and the gas-water two-phase seepage patterns based on the tight sandstone core samples with permeability around 0.100 m D. Research indicates that the formation water and deionized water cause a similar declining pattern for the core sample permeability. The permeability decrease caused by the formation water is less than that of deionized water. It shows a significant gas permeability decrease with the increase of water saturation under the condition of bound water saturation. The gas permeability respectively decreases slowly in the initial stage and rapidly in the late stage for the core samples with relatively high permeability. The gas permeability respectively decreases rapidly in the initial stage and slowly in the late stage for the core samples with relatively owl permeability. The gas seepage capacity is greatly influenced by water intrusion. With the decrease of water saturation,the gas permeability recovery rate is less than 10% and the gas permeability loss is as high as 90% or more. The permeability losses result from gas-water interaction and microscopic structure change are about 50% and 15% ～ 40% respectively. The reservoir development performance is closely dependent on the fracturing fluid properties and suitable fracturing fluid should be prepared before development.
In order to reveal the effects of edge-bottom aquifer,fracturing fluid and other fluid intrusion on the gas seepage capacity of gas reservoir with ultra-low water saturation,the laboratory core waterflooding experiment was carried out to study the permeability changing and the gas-water two-phase seepage patterns based on the tight sandstone core samples with permeability around 0.100 m D. Research indicates that the formation water and deionized water cause a similar declining pattern for the core sample permeability. The permeability decrease caused by the formation water is less than that of deionized water. It shows a significant gas permeability decrease with the increase of water saturation under the condition of bound water saturation. The gas permeability respectively decreases slowly in the initial stage and rapidly in the late stage for the core samples with relatively high permeability. The gas permeability respectively decreases rapidly in the initial stage and slowly in the late stage for the core samples with relatively owl permeability. The gas seepage capacity is greatly influenced by water intrusion. With the decrease of water saturation,the gas permeability recovery rate is less than 10% and the gas permeability loss is as high as 90% or more. The permeability losses result from gas-water interaction and microscopic structure change are about 50% and 15% ～ 40% respectively. The reservoir development performance is closely dependent on the fracturing fluid properties and suitable fracturing fluid should be prepared before development.
引文
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[15]郭庆,展转盈,宫伟超.鄂尔多斯盆地富黄探区长7油层组储层敏感性综合分析[J].西部探矿工程,2018,30(5):93-96.
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[17]闫金鹏,孙星星.渭北油田浅层超低渗致密砂岩储集层敏感性特征及控制因素[J].录井工程,2017,28(4):124-128,136.
[18]邵东波,陈建文.鄂尔多斯盆地致密砂岩储层敏感性特征及其控制因素---以新安边地区延长组长6储层为例[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,32(3):55-60,67.
[19]康毅力,张杜杰,游利军,等.塔里木盆地超深致密砂岩气藏储层流体敏感性评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2018,39(4):738-748.
[2]NEWSHAM K E.Use of vapor desorption data to characterize high capillary pressure in a bason-centered gas accumulation with ultra-low connate water saturations[C].SPE84596,2003:1-9.
[3]张敏榆,毛美利.低渗气藏水锁效应与抑制对策[C]//杨华.低渗透油气田研究与实践(卷三).北京:石油工业出版社,2001:336-340.
[4]游利军,康毅力,陈一健,等.致密砂岩气藏水相圈闭损害实验研究及应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2006,23(2):4-7,83.
[5]姚泾利,王怀厂,裴戈,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东部上古生界致密砂岩超低含水饱和度气藏形成机理[J].天然气工业,2014,34(1):37-43.
[6]钟高润,张小莉,杜江民,等.致密砂岩储层应力敏感性实验研究[J].地球物理学进展,2016,31(3):1300-1306.
[7]康逊,胡文瑄,王剑,等.扇三角洲砂砾岩油藏储层敏感性研究---以准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷百口泉组为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(3):515-524.
[8]邱隆伟,于杰杰,郝建民,等.南堡凹陷高南地区东三段低渗储层敏感性特征的微观机制研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2009,28(1):78-86.
[9]廖纪佳,唐洪明,朱筱敏,等.特低渗透砂岩储层水敏实验及损害机理研究---以鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田延长组第8油层为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(2):321-328.
[10]XU P,QIU S,YU B,et al.Prediction of relative permeability in unsaturated porous media with a fractal approach[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2013,64(3):829-837.
[11]LIAN P,CHENG L.The characteristics of relative permeability curves in naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,2012,51(2):137-142.
[12]付大其.低渗气藏储层渗流机理研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2009.
[13]魏虎.低渗致密砂岩气藏储层微观结构及对产能影响分析[D].西安:西北大学,2011.
[14]马永平.苏里格气田致密砂岩储层微观孔隙结构研究[D].西安:西北大学,2013.
[15]郭庆,展转盈,宫伟超.鄂尔多斯盆地富黄探区长7油层组储层敏感性综合分析[J].西部探矿工程,2018,30(5):93-96.
[16]龙宇航.涠洲M油田储层敏感性评价及油层保护对策[J].能源化工,2018,39(2):60-65.
[17]闫金鹏,孙星星.渭北油田浅层超低渗致密砂岩储集层敏感性特征及控制因素[J].录井工程,2017,28(4):124-128,136.
[18]邵东波,陈建文.鄂尔多斯盆地致密砂岩储层敏感性特征及其控制因素---以新安边地区延长组长6储层为例[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,32(3):55-60,67.
[19]康毅力,张杜杰,游利军,等.塔里木盆地超深致密砂岩气藏储层流体敏感性评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2018,39(4):738-748.