重庆市江北区居民健康素养及其影响因素分析
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摘要
目的了解重庆市江北区居民健康素养及其影响因素,为健康促进区试点项目提供评价依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,在重庆市江北区抽取200名15～<70岁常住居民进行健康素养问卷调查。结果 200名居民中具备健康素养者23名,具备率为11.5%。文化程度越高者具备健康素养水平越高。基本健康知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能等素养的具备率分别为24.0%、10.5%、14.0%。科学健康观、传染病防治、慢性病防治、安全与急救、基本医疗、健康信息等素养的具备率分别为29.0%、12.0%、8.5%、41.5%、14.0%、19.0%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度和职业是重庆市江北区居民健康素养的重要影响因素。结论重庆市江北区居民健康素养水平还有待提高,应根据不同人群的特点,以健康生活方式和行为、慢性病防治等内容为重点,探索更有效的健康促进和健康教育工作方法。
Objective To understand the health literacy of residents in Jiangbei District of Chongqing and its influencing factors,and provide evaluation basis for the health promotion district pilot project.Methods A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to collect 200 residents of 15 to less than 70-year-old in Jiangbei District of Chongqing for a health literacy questionnaire.Results Among the 200 residents,23 were health literate,with a rate of 11.5%.The higher the cultural level of the residents,the higher their level of health literacy.The basic health knowledge and concepts,healthy lifestyles and behaviors,health skills and other literacy rates were 24.0%,10.5%,and 14.0%,respectively.The literacy rates of scientific health concept,infectious disease prevention,chronic disease prevention,safety and first aid,basic medical care,and health information were 29.0%,12.0%,8.5%,41.5%,14.0%,and 19.0%,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of education and occupation were important factors influencing the health literacy of residents in Jiangbei District of Chongqing.Conclusion The health literacy level of residents in Jiangbei District of Chongqing needs to be improved.According to the characteristics of different groups of people,focusing on healthy lifestyles and behaviors,prevention and treatment of chronic diseases,and exploring more effective methods of health promotion and health education.
Objective To understand the health literacy of residents in Jiangbei District of Chongqing and its influencing factors,and provide evaluation basis for the health promotion district pilot project.Methods A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to collect 200 residents of 15 to less than 70-year-old in Jiangbei District of Chongqing for a health literacy questionnaire.Results Among the 200 residents,23 were health literate,with a rate of 11.5%.The higher the cultural level of the residents,the higher their level of health literacy.The basic health knowledge and concepts,healthy lifestyles and behaviors,health skills and other literacy rates were 24.0%,10.5%,and 14.0%,respectively.The literacy rates of scientific health concept,infectious disease prevention,chronic disease prevention,safety and first aid,basic medical care,and health information were 29.0%,12.0%,8.5%,41.5%,14.0%,and 19.0%,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of education and occupation were important factors influencing the health literacy of residents in Jiangbei District of Chongqing.Conclusion The health literacy level of residents in Jiangbei District of Chongqing needs to be improved.According to the characteristics of different groups of people,focusing on healthy lifestyles and behaviors,prevention and treatment of chronic diseases,and exploring more effective methods of health promotion and health education.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会.我国公民健康素养达到10.25%[EB/OL].(2016-12-13).http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/xcs/s3582/201612/1c81b23264df4880829263b18a2f0947.shtml.
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[8]肖琴,刘晖,孔浩南,等.北京市朝阳区居民健康素养及其影响因素研究[J].浙江预防医学,2015,27(8):793-796.
[9]郭凤霞,张成钢,罗妍,等.上海市徐汇区居民健康素养干预效果分析[J].中国健康教育,2013,29(2):137-140.
[10]杨敏,杨爽,杨彩燕,等.烟台市城乡居民健康素养状况调查研究[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(6):705-707.
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[12]虞哲彬,潘佳玲,郭林杰,等.浙江省居民健康素养状况及影响因素研究[J].浙江预防医学,2016,28(2):113-116.
[13]陈建伟,许信红,罗敏红,等.广州市居民健康素养现状及影响因素调查[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(7):601-605.
[14]田红梅,张晓燕,刘熹,等.成都市中心城区居民健康素养水平及影响因素分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2011,26(4):243-245.
[15]李哲成,刘四云,胡明,等.湖南省居民健康素养状况及其中介效应分析[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(6):888-893.
[16]鄢志梅,杨佩军,郑佳瑞,等.昆明市居民健康素养现状及其影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(8):1009-1012.
[17]喻小青,谢晓芳,柳村,等.2012年贵州省居民健康素养分析[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(2):213-216.
[18]李芳芳,严维红,杜维境.2014年新疆15~69岁居民健康素养水平调查分析[J].中国健康教育,2017,33(12):1100-1104.
[19]卫生部疾病预防控制局.中国慢性病防治工作规划(2012-2015)[R].北京:卫生部疾病控制局,2012.
[2]李英华,毛群安,石琦,等.2012年中国居民健康素养监测结果[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(2):99-103.
[3]郭田,黄浩,段渝波,等.2012年重庆市居民健康素养监测结果[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(2):160-163.
[4]刘秀荣,黄丽巧.2012年北京市居民健康素养水平现状分析[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(2):147-150.
[5]胡亚飞,陈润洁,潘新锋,等.2012年上海市15~69岁居民健康素养分析研究[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(2):151-154.
[6]王刚,顾清,高皓宇,等.2012年天津市居民健康素养水平调查分析[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(2):155-159.
[7]潘新锋,丁园,胡亚飞,等.2008-2015上海市15~69岁居民健康素养变化趋势及相关因素研究[J].上海预防医学,2016,28(10):697-701.
[8]肖琴,刘晖,孔浩南,等.北京市朝阳区居民健康素养及其影响因素研究[J].浙江预防医学,2015,27(8):793-796.
[9]郭凤霞,张成钢,罗妍,等.上海市徐汇区居民健康素养干预效果分析[J].中国健康教育,2013,29(2):137-140.
[10]杨敏,杨爽,杨彩燕,等.烟台市城乡居民健康素养状况调查研究[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(6):705-707.
[11]戎毅,朱卫立,王小莉,等.2014年江苏省居民健康素养水平监测分析[J].江苏预防医学,2015,26(6):134-135.
[12]虞哲彬,潘佳玲,郭林杰,等.浙江省居民健康素养状况及影响因素研究[J].浙江预防医学,2016,28(2):113-116.
[13]陈建伟,许信红,罗敏红,等.广州市居民健康素养现状及影响因素调查[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(7):601-605.
[14]田红梅,张晓燕,刘熹,等.成都市中心城区居民健康素养水平及影响因素分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2011,26(4):243-245.
[15]李哲成,刘四云,胡明,等.湖南省居民健康素养状况及其中介效应分析[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(6):888-893.
[16]鄢志梅,杨佩军,郑佳瑞,等.昆明市居民健康素养现状及其影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(8):1009-1012.
[17]喻小青,谢晓芳,柳村,等.2012年贵州省居民健康素养分析[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(2):213-216.
[18]李芳芳,严维红,杜维境.2014年新疆15~69岁居民健康素养水平调查分析[J].中国健康教育,2017,33(12):1100-1104.
[19]卫生部疾病预防控制局.中国慢性病防治工作规划(2012-2015)[R].北京:卫生部疾病控制局,2012.