大庆市区大气环境质量评价与污染特征研究
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摘要
以大庆市区近15年来的大气环境监测数据为依据,通过对监测数据的数学分析,揭示了大庆市区大气主要污染物的时空变化特征。采用综合污染指数、污染负荷系数法及秩相关系数法对大气环境质量进行了评价,结果表明:大庆市空气质量在十五年间整体质量较好,并逐年呈好转趋势,降尘和PM10依然是大庆市区空气质量的主要污染物,且NO2的权重在逐年上升,另外大气污染类型正在从"煤烟型"大气污染向"油烟型"大气污染发展。采用Spearman秩相关系数法,分析了大庆市区主要空气污染物的变化趋势及显著性情况,结果显示:主要污染物PM10、降尘和二氧化硫呈下降趋势,NO2呈上升趋势,但各类污染物的上升或下降趋势均不显著,都在同一水平上波动,大庆市未来节能减排的任务依然艰巨。
Based on the atmospheric environmental monitoring data for nearly 15 years of Daqing City,the spatial and temporal variations of the main atmospheric pollutants were revealed through the mathematical analysis of the monitoring data.The comprehensive pollution index method,the pollutant load factor method and the rank correlation coefficient method were used for the evaluation of atmospheric environmental quality.The results showed that the air quality of Daqing City was good as a whole in 15 years and it improved better step by step.Dusts and PM10 were the major air pollutants and the weight of NO2 was increasing year by year.In addition,the air pollution type was developing from"coal smoke"to"oil smoke".Spearman rank correlation coefficient method was used to analyze the trend and significance of the main air pollutants in Daqing City.The results showed that PM10,dusts and SO2 presented downward trend and NO2 Presented upward trend,but the trends were not significant and fluctuated on the same level.The task of energy-saving and emission-reduction will be still arduous for Daqing City.
Based on the atmospheric environmental monitoring data for nearly 15 years of Daqing City,the spatial and temporal variations of the main atmospheric pollutants were revealed through the mathematical analysis of the monitoring data.The comprehensive pollution index method,the pollutant load factor method and the rank correlation coefficient method were used for the evaluation of atmospheric environmental quality.The results showed that the air quality of Daqing City was good as a whole in 15 years and it improved better step by step.Dusts and PM10 were the major air pollutants and the weight of NO2 was increasing year by year.In addition,the air pollution type was developing from"coal smoke"to"oil smoke".Spearman rank correlation coefficient method was used to analyze the trend and significance of the main air pollutants in Daqing City.The results showed that PM10,dusts and SO2 presented downward trend and NO2 Presented upward trend,but the trends were not significant and fluctuated on the same level.The task of energy-saving and emission-reduction will be still arduous for Daqing City.
引文
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