2009—2013年宜春市大气污染特征及影响因素分析
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摘要
目的了解宜春市当前空气质量状况,包括主要污染物及污染物的时间变化特征,预测宜春市空气质量未来的发展趋势,并探究其影响因素。方法利用空气综合污染指数和污染负荷系数法对宜春市2009—2013年大气日报数据进行处理和分析。结果 5年内,宜春市空气质量均在Ⅱ级以上,并以Ⅱ级为主,3种污染指标(PM10、NO2、SO2)里,PM10为主要污染指标,对综合污染指数贡献最大;各污染物污染负荷系数PM10>NO2>SO2;空气污染指数呈现季节性、年际变化趋势,如冬季高、夏季低,年际变化平缓,逐年呈不显著递增趋势。结论宜春市空气质量有逐渐变差的趋势,其主要影响因素为近几年迅速增加的机动车排放大量尾气、建筑业的迅猛发展等,有必要进行PM2.5站点的建设,以掌握宜春空气质量细颗粒物的动态变化。
Objectives To understand the current air quality including main pollutants and their spatial and temporal variations in Yichun city,to predict the future trends of air quality,and to explore its influencing factors.Methods Using a comprehensive pollution index and combined pollution load coefficient to process and analyze the daily atmospheric data of Yichun city in 2009—2013. Results The air quality of Yichun city in recent five years for most days was in Grade Ⅱ or better. Within the three pollution indexes( PM10,NO2 and SO2) examined,PM10 was considered as the main pollutant and gave the largest contribution to the comprehensive pollution index.The rank of combined pollution load coefficient was: PM10> SO2> NO2; there was a trend of seasonal and annual change in air pollution indexes,such as high in winter,low in summer and gentle in annual variation,but an insignificantly increasing trend year by year. Conclusions The air quality in Yichun city became worse in recent five years,the main reasons were the emissions of exhausted gas from motor vehicles and the rapid development of building industries,etc. Setting observational sites for PM2. 5might be needed in order to grasp the dynamic change of air quality on fine particles in Yichun.
Objectives To understand the current air quality including main pollutants and their spatial and temporal variations in Yichun city,to predict the future trends of air quality,and to explore its influencing factors.Methods Using a comprehensive pollution index and combined pollution load coefficient to process and analyze the daily atmospheric data of Yichun city in 2009—2013. Results The air quality of Yichun city in recent five years for most days was in Grade Ⅱ or better. Within the three pollution indexes( PM10,NO2 and SO2) examined,PM10 was considered as the main pollutant and gave the largest contribution to the comprehensive pollution index.The rank of combined pollution load coefficient was: PM10> SO2> NO2; there was a trend of seasonal and annual change in air pollution indexes,such as high in winter,low in summer and gentle in annual variation,but an insignificantly increasing trend year by year. Conclusions The air quality in Yichun city became worse in recent five years,the main reasons were the emissions of exhausted gas from motor vehicles and the rapid development of building industries,etc. Setting observational sites for PM2. 5might be needed in order to grasp the dynamic change of air quality on fine particles in Yichun.
引文
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[12]朱文玲,李建刚,李军,等.2006—2010年乌鲁木齐市主要大气污染物浓度时空变化特征[J].环境与健康杂志,2012,29(5):429-431.
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[14]郑健.近10年来乌鲁木齐市环境空气质量变化趋势分析[J].西北师范大学学报,2013,49(3):116-118.
[15]曲格平.中国环境保护工作全书[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002,10-12.
[2]张宝贵,孙丽华.秦皇岛市空气污染与气象要素的关系[J].气象与环境学报,2009,25(4):43-47.
[3]王淑英,张小玲.北京地区PM10污染的气象特征[J].应用气象学报,2002,13(1):177-183.
[4]沈家芬,张凌,莫测辉,等.广州市空气污染物和气象要素的主成分与典型相关分析[J].生态环境,2006,15(5):1018-1023.
[5]中华人民共和国环境保护部.GB 3095-2012环境空气质量标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2012,8-9.
[6]于大江,吴艳玲,王鹏,等.2001—2012年哈尔滨市空气质量长期变化特征[J].环境化学,2014,33(3):307-309.
[7]张菊,苗鸿,欧阳志云,等.近20年北京城近郊区环境空气质量变化及其影响因素分析[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(11):1886-1892.
[8]李文杰,张时煌,高庆先,等.京津石三市空气污染指数(API)的时空分布特征及其气象要素的关系[J].资源科学,2012,34(8):1392-1400.
[9]孙丹,杜吴鹏,高庆先,等.2001年至2010年中国三大城市群中几个典型城市API变化特征[J].资源科学,2012,34(8):1401-1407.
[10]石春娥,翟武全,杨军,等.长江三角洲地区四省会城市PM10污染特征[J].高原气象,2008,27(6):408-414.
[11]赵娜,贾秀丽.近10年辽阳市大气环境质量及污染趋势分析[J].气象与环境学报,2007,23(3):50-53.
[12]朱文玲,李建刚,李军,等.2006—2010年乌鲁木齐市主要大气污染物浓度时空变化特征[J].环境与健康杂志,2012,29(5):429-431.
[13]周荣美,应方,焦荔,等.萧山区环境空气质量变化及其影响因素分析[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(8):45-47.
[14]郑健.近10年来乌鲁木齐市环境空气质量变化趋势分析[J].西北师范大学学报,2013,49(3):116-118.
[15]曲格平.中国环境保护工作全书[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002,10-12.