混种石竹科富集植物对树番茄幼苗镉积累的影响
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摘要
通过盆栽试验,将树番茄(Cyphomandra betacea)幼苗与石竹科富集植物假繁缕(Pseudostellaria maximowicziana)、牛繁缕(Malachium aquaticum)和繁缕(Stellaria media)混种,研究了混种石竹科富集植物对树番茄幼苗镉积累的影响。结果表明:与单种相比,混种石竹科富集植物均不同程度减少了树番茄幼苗的生物量,降低了树番茄幼苗光合色素(叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量及类胡萝卜素)含量。混种假繁缕和牛繁缕提高了树番茄幼苗地上部分镉含量,较单种分别提高了65.02%和25.61%;混种繁缕降低了树番茄幼苗地上部分镉含量,较单种降低了4.68%。混种树番茄后,3种石竹科富集植物的镉积累量大小顺序为繁缕>假繁缕>牛繁缕。混种繁缕可有效降低镉污染土壤上树番茄幼苗的镉积累。
The pot experiment were conducted to study the effects of intercropping with Pseudostellaria maximowicziana, Malachium aquaticum and Stellaria media on Cd accumulation of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings. Compared with the monoculture, intercropping with Caryophyllaceae accumulator plants decreased the biomass of C. betacea seedlings, and also reduced the photosynthetic pigment(chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid) contents in C. betacea seedlings. Intercropping with P. maximowicziana and M. aquaticum increased the Cd contents in shoots of C. betacea seedlings, which increased by 65.02% and 25.61%, respectively, compared with the monoculture. Intercropping with S. media reduced the Cd contents in shoots of C. betacea seedlings, which reduced by 4.68%compared with the monoculture. When intercropping with C. betacea seedlings, the Cd accumulation amounts of three Caryophyllaceae accumulator plants were ranked as S. media > P. maximowicziana > M. aquaticum. Intercropping with S. media could effectively reduced Cd accumulation of C. betacea seedlings under Cd-contaminated soil.
The pot experiment were conducted to study the effects of intercropping with Pseudostellaria maximowicziana, Malachium aquaticum and Stellaria media on Cd accumulation of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings. Compared with the monoculture, intercropping with Caryophyllaceae accumulator plants decreased the biomass of C. betacea seedlings, and also reduced the photosynthetic pigment(chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid) contents in C. betacea seedlings. Intercropping with P. maximowicziana and M. aquaticum increased the Cd contents in shoots of C. betacea seedlings, which increased by 65.02% and 25.61%, respectively, compared with the monoculture. Intercropping with S. media reduced the Cd contents in shoots of C. betacea seedlings, which reduced by 4.68%compared with the monoculture. When intercropping with C. betacea seedlings, the Cd accumulation amounts of three Caryophyllaceae accumulator plants were ranked as S. media > P. maximowicziana > M. aquaticum. Intercropping with S. media could effectively reduced Cd accumulation of C. betacea seedlings under Cd-contaminated soil.
引文
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[23]李春俭,马玮,张福锁.根际对话及其对植物生长的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(1):178-183.
[24]余常兵,孙建好,李隆.种间相互作用对作物生长及养分吸收的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(1):1-8.
[25]徐雄,张健.生草和生物覆盖对果园土壤肥力的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2004,22(1):88-91.
[26]林立金.混种少花龙葵嫁接后代对枇杷镉积累的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学,2015.
[27]黎健龙,涂攀峰,陈娜,等.茶树与大豆间作效应分析[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(7):2040-2047.
[2]周建军,周桔,冯仁国.我国土壤重金属污染现状及治理战略[J].中国科学院院刊,2014,29(3):315-320,350.
[3]李少峰,饶文芳.混植对油菜主要农艺性状及产量的影响[J].耕作与栽培,2001(5):10,21.
[4]唐永金.混种栽培作物竞争的数学分析[J].生物数学学报,1998,13(2):215-218.
[5]张晶,林先贵,曾军,等.植物混种原位修复多环芳烃污染农田土壤[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(1):341-346.
[6]聂亚平,王晓维,万进荣,等.几种重金属(Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu)的超富集植物种类及增强植物修复措施研究进展[J].生态科学,2016,35(2):174-182.
[7]封功能,陈爱辉,刘汉文,等.土壤中重金属污染的植物修复研究进展[J].江西农业学报,2008,20(12):70-73,84.
[8]黄科文,廖明安,林立金.2种生态型三叶鬼针草的不同株数混种比例对其镉累积的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2015,31(5):753-759.
[9]林立金,罗丽,杨代宇,等.混种富集植物对牛膝菊镉积累的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(6):319-324.
[10]Lin L J,Liao M A,Mei L Y,et al.Two ecotypes of hyperaccumulators and accumulators affect cadmium accumulation in cherry seedlings by intercropping[J].Environmental Progress&Sustainable Energy,2014,33(4):1251-1257.
[11]郭碧瑜,周伟华,叶青莲,等.树番茄的生物学特性及栽培技术[J].广东农业科学,2007,34(12):102-103.
[12]张东华,汪庆平,马晓芳.具有开发前景的热带果蔬植物──树番茄[J].资源开发与市场,1998,14(5):209-210.
[13]辉建春,蒋小军,杨远祥,等.四川汉源铅锌矿区铅锌富集植物筛选[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(5):233-236.
[14]张潇,林立金,廖明安,等.牛繁缕对镉的积累特性研究[J].土壤通报,2015,46(3):615-620.
[15]林立金,宁博,廖明安,等.冬季农田杂草繁缕对镉的积累特性研究[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(4):673-678.
[16]郝再彬,苍晶,徐仲.植物生理实验[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004.
[17]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[18]Rastmanesh F,Moore F,Keshavarzi B.Speciation and phytoavailability of heavy metals in contaminated soils in Sarcheshmeh area,Kerman Province,Iran[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2010,85(5):515-519.
[19]余常兵,孙建好,李隆.种间相互作用对作物生长及养分吸收的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(1):1-8.
[20]王兴伟,刘子芳,赵兵,等.铅锌胁迫下混种黑麦草和三叶草对假繁缕生理生态的影响[J].陕西农业科学,2017,63(1):30-34.
[21]Yang Y Y,Jung J Y,Song W Y,et al.Identification of rice varieties with high tolerance or sensitivity to lead,and characterization of the mechanism of tolerance[J].Plant Physiology,2000,124(3):1019-1026.
[22]Tatár E,Mihucz V G,Varga A,et al.Determination of organic acids in xylem sap of cucumber:Effect of lead contamination[J].Microchemical Journal,1998,58(3):306-314.
[23]李春俭,马玮,张福锁.根际对话及其对植物生长的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(1):178-183.
[24]余常兵,孙建好,李隆.种间相互作用对作物生长及养分吸收的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(1):1-8.
[25]徐雄,张健.生草和生物覆盖对果园土壤肥力的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2004,22(1):88-91.
[26]林立金.混种少花龙葵嫁接后代对枇杷镉积累的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学,2015.
[27]黎健龙,涂攀峰,陈娜,等.茶树与大豆间作效应分析[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(7):2040-2047.