2017年湖南省学生常见病监测检出情况结果分析
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摘要
目的 了解湖南省城乡学生常见病检出情况,为制订相关学生常见病预防控制措施提供参考。方法 根据经济发展水平,随机抽取湖南省3个城区和3个郊县共39所学校,调查小学四至六年级学生,初中、高中和大学一至三年级学生,每个年级随机选择1～3个班共80名学生,分别检测学生的视力、身高、体重、牙齿患病情况。结果 学生视力不良检出率为66.58%,城区(68.67%)高于郊县(63.21%),女生(71.84%)高于男生(60.92%),高年级明显高于低年级学生,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。龋患检出率为49.26%,城区与郊县没有差异,但女生(53.26%)高于男生(44.97%),低年级高于高年级学生,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);龋失检出率为7.24%,龋补检出率为5.29%,女生均高于男生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。学生营养不良、肥胖检出率分别为4.29%、8.47%,均是男生高于女生,郊区高于城区(均P<0.05);学生超重检出率为12.50%,男生高于女生,城区高于郊县(均P<0.05)。结论 湖南省学生常见病仍处于较高水平,学校卫生工作需要进一步加强。
Objective To investigate the detection situation of common diseases among urban and rural students in Hunan province so as to provide references for formulating the relative prevention and control measures. Methods According to the level of economic development, we randomly selected a total of 39 schools in 3 urban districts and 3 suburbs of Hunan province, and surveyed pupils in Grades 4-6, middle school students in each grade, freshmen, sophomore and juniors. We randomly selected a total of 80 students from 1-3 classes in each grade, and then tested their vision, stature, body weight and teeth. Results The detection rate of poor vision in the students was 66.58%, and the rate was higher in urban districts(68.67%) than in suburban counties(63.21%), higher in girls(71.84%) than in boys(60.92%), as well as significantly higher in students in senior grades than in ones in junior grades, showing statistically significant differences(all P<0.05). The detection rate of dental caries was 49.26%. No statistically significant difference was found in the detection rate of dental caries between urban districts and suburban counties, but the rate was higher in girls(53.26%) than in boys(44.97%) as well as higher in students in junior grades than in ones in senior grades, showing statistically significant differences(both P<0.05). The detection rates of caries loss and caries filling were 7.24% and 5.29% respectively, which were higher in girls than in boys, showing statistically significant differences(both P<0.05). The detection rates of malnutrition and obesity were 4.29% and 8.47% respectively, and the rates were higher in boys than in girls as well as higher in suburban areas than in urban districts(both P<0.05). The detection rate of overweight in the students was 12.50%, and the rate was higher in boys than in girls as well as higher in urban districts than in suburban counties(both P<0.05). Conclusions The common diseases are still prevailing among students in Hunan province; and hence, health work in schools needs to be further strengthened.
Objective To investigate the detection situation of common diseases among urban and rural students in Hunan province so as to provide references for formulating the relative prevention and control measures. Methods According to the level of economic development, we randomly selected a total of 39 schools in 3 urban districts and 3 suburbs of Hunan province, and surveyed pupils in Grades 4-6, middle school students in each grade, freshmen, sophomore and juniors. We randomly selected a total of 80 students from 1-3 classes in each grade, and then tested their vision, stature, body weight and teeth. Results The detection rate of poor vision in the students was 66.58%, and the rate was higher in urban districts(68.67%) than in suburban counties(63.21%), higher in girls(71.84%) than in boys(60.92%), as well as significantly higher in students in senior grades than in ones in junior grades, showing statistically significant differences(all P<0.05). The detection rate of dental caries was 49.26%. No statistically significant difference was found in the detection rate of dental caries between urban districts and suburban counties, but the rate was higher in girls(53.26%) than in boys(44.97%) as well as higher in students in junior grades than in ones in senior grades, showing statistically significant differences(both P<0.05). The detection rates of caries loss and caries filling were 7.24% and 5.29% respectively, which were higher in girls than in boys, showing statistically significant differences(both P<0.05). The detection rates of malnutrition and obesity were 4.29% and 8.47% respectively, and the rates were higher in boys than in girls as well as higher in suburban areas than in urban districts(both P<0.05). The detection rate of overweight in the students was 12.50%, and the rate was higher in boys than in girls as well as higher in urban districts than in suburban counties(both P<0.05). Conclusions The common diseases are still prevailing among students in Hunan province; and hence, health work in schools needs to be further strengthened.
引文
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[10]李瑛,郑志通,杨亮.窝沟封闭项目对预防儿童六龄齿龋齿效果分析[J].贵州医药,2016,40(6):633-635.
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[12]王革生,李光春,曹检亮,等.1995-2000年湖南省学生常见病情况动态分析[J].实用预防医学,2002,9(6):616-618.
[13]胡小琪,徐海泉,李荔,等.中国贫困地区学生营养状况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(12):1783-1785.
[14]马梦婷,杨依锦,刘蒙蒙,等.2012-2016年四川省农村中小学生营养状况趋势分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2018,34(10):1285-1288.
[15]马军,蔡赐河,王海俊,等.1985-2010年中国学生超重与肥胖流行趋势[J].中华预防医学杂志,2012,46(9):776-780.
[16]董炎会,王政和,杨招庚,等.2005-2014年中国7~18岁儿童青少年营养不良流行现状及趋势变化分析[J].北京大学学报(医学版),2017,49(3):426-432.
[2]阮青,刘玄华,范纯,等.广西壮、汉族学生常见病流行趋势研究[J].应用预防医学,2011,17(6):340-342.
[3]李娜,章荣华,顾防,等.浙江省城乡学生常见病现况[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(6):935-937.
[4]杨娟,过晓阳,陈晓敏,等.2016年淮安市中学生常见病患病情况分析[J].中国校医,2018,32(6):421-424.
[5]中国学生体质与健康研究组.2010年中国学生体质与健康调研报告[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2012:75-77.
[6]梁静,程炜,陈玉明,等.宜兴市2013年高一高二学生健康体检结果分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(3):448-451.
[7]官文清,洪玲,王林芬.余杭区中小学生常见病患病情况分析[J].预防医学,2017,29(4):402-404.
[8]余家麟,曾金水,邱燚,等.2017年深圳市宝安区小学生视力不良流行现况及影响因素分析[J].实用预防医学,2018,25(6):740-743.
[9]Liu CJ,Zhou W,Feng XS.Dental caries status of students from migrant primary schools in Shanghai Pudong New Area[J].BMC Oral Health,2016,16(1):28.
[10]李瑛,郑志通,杨亮.窝沟封闭项目对预防儿童六龄齿龋齿效果分析[J].贵州医药,2016,40(6):633-635.
[11]中国营养学会.中国居民膳食指南2016[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2016:237.
[12]王革生,李光春,曹检亮,等.1995-2000年湖南省学生常见病情况动态分析[J].实用预防医学,2002,9(6):616-618.
[13]胡小琪,徐海泉,李荔,等.中国贫困地区学生营养状况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(12):1783-1785.
[14]马梦婷,杨依锦,刘蒙蒙,等.2012-2016年四川省农村中小学生营养状况趋势分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2018,34(10):1285-1288.
[15]马军,蔡赐河,王海俊,等.1985-2010年中国学生超重与肥胖流行趋势[J].中华预防医学杂志,2012,46(9):776-780.
[16]董炎会,王政和,杨招庚,等.2005-2014年中国7~18岁儿童青少年营养不良流行现状及趋势变化分析[J].北京大学学报(医学版),2017,49(3):426-432.