基于泰森多边形的汪清县农村居民点空间分布特征及其影响因素
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摘要
以ArcGIS为平台,对汪清县农村居民点构建泰森多边形,形成Voronoi图,计算其面积的变异系数(Cv值),从村域尺度分析汪清县农村居民点的分布特征。结果显示:①汪清县东光镇、复兴镇、春阳镇和罗子沟镇属于集群分布类型;百草沟镇、大兴沟镇和天桥岭镇属于随机分布类型;鸡冠乡镇、汪清镇属于均匀分布类型。②农村居民点的分布与地形地貌、交通条件和河流水域等因素关系密切。从地形坡度上看,汪清县居民点随坡度升高,分布呈降低趋势;从道路交通上看,汪清县居民点随公路距离增大,分布密度降低;从河流水域上看,汪清县居民点随河流距离增加,分布密度降低。
Taking ArcGIS as the platform,the authors constructed Thiessen polygon to form Voronoi diagram for rural settlements in Wangqing county,calculated the variation coefficient( Cv value) of area,and analyzed the distribution characteristics of rural settlements at rural scale. The results show that:(1) From the spatial scale,Dongguang,Fuxing,Chunyang,and Luozigou towns belong to cluster distribution type,Baicaogou,Daxinggou,Tianqiaoling towns belong to the random distribution type,Jiguanxiang and Wangqing towns belong to the uniform distribution type.(2)The distribution of rural settlements is closely related to topography,traffic,river and other factors. From the perspective of slope,the distribution of residential areas in Wangqing county decreases as the slope increases. In terms of traffic,the density of residential settlements decreases as the road distance increases.In terms of rivers,the density of residential settlements decreases with the increase of river distance.
Taking ArcGIS as the platform,the authors constructed Thiessen polygon to form Voronoi diagram for rural settlements in Wangqing county,calculated the variation coefficient( Cv value) of area,and analyzed the distribution characteristics of rural settlements at rural scale. The results show that:(1) From the spatial scale,Dongguang,Fuxing,Chunyang,and Luozigou towns belong to cluster distribution type,Baicaogou,Daxinggou,Tianqiaoling towns belong to the random distribution type,Jiguanxiang and Wangqing towns belong to the uniform distribution type.(2)The distribution of rural settlements is closely related to topography,traffic,river and other factors. From the perspective of slope,the distribution of residential areas in Wangqing county decreases as the slope increases. In terms of traffic,the density of residential settlements decreases as the road distance increases.In terms of rivers,the density of residential settlements decreases with the increase of river distance.
引文
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[11]闫庆武,谭学玲.基于GIS的半干旱农牧交错区农村居民点分布特征研究:以内蒙古伊金霍洛旗为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(5):107-112.YAN Qing-wu,TAN Xue-ling.Spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in semi-arid agro-pastoral transition area based on GIS:a case study in Yijinhuoluo county,Inner Mongolia[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2017,31(5):107-112.
[12]刘晓恒,杨柳.基于Voronoi图的农村居民点空间分布及整治潜力研究:以威宁县为例[J].国土与自然资源研究,2016(6):46-51.LIU Xiao-heng,YANG Liu.Voronoi diagram-based research on spatial distribution of rural settlements and consolidation potential:taking Weining county as an example[J].Territory&Natural Resources Study,2016(6):46-51.
[13]Okabe A,Suzuki A.Locational optimization problems solved through Voronoi diagrams[J].European Journal of Operational Research,1997,98(3):445-456.
[14]邓平,王志城.基于Voronoi图的农村居民点空间分布特征研究[J].地理空间信息,2015,13(1):125-127.DENG Ping,WAGN Zhi-cheng.Study on spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements based on Voronoi diagram[J].Geospatial Information,2015,13(1):125-127.
[15]刘仙桃,郑新奇,李道兵.基于Voronoi图的农村居民点空间分布特征及其影响因素研究:以北京市昌平区为例[J].生态与农村环境学报,2009,25(2):30-33,93.LIU Xian-tao,ZHENG Xin-qi,LI Dao-bing.Voronoi diagram based research on spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements and its affecting factors:a case study of Changping district Beijing[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2009,25(2):30-33,93.
[16]Duyckaerts C,Godefroy G.Voronoi tessellation to study the numerical density and the spatial distribution of neurones[J].Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy,2000,20:83-92.
[17]徐羽,钟业喜,徐丽婷,等.江西省农村居民点时空特征及其影响因素研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(6):504-511.XU Yu,ZHONG Ye-xi,XU Li-ting,et al.Research on spatial-temporal characteristics and driving forces of rural settlements in Jiangxi Province[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(6):504-511.
[18]谭学玲,闫庆武,李晶晶,等.盘县农村居民点空间分布特征及其地形地貌影响因素分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(12):2083-2090.TAN Xue-ling,YAN Qing-wu,LI Jing-jing,et al.Analysis the characteristics of spatial distribution and topographical influencing factors of rural settlements in Pan county[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2017,26(12):2083-2090.
[19]郭昌晟,游细斌,付远方.基于GIS的丘陵地区农村居民点发展评价研究:以江西会昌晓龙乡为例[J].赣南师范大学学报,2016,37(6):99-103.GUO Chang-sheng,YOU Xi-bin,FU Yuan-fang.Development evaluation of rural settlements in hilly area based on GIS:a case study of Xiaolong township of Jiangxi[J].Journal of Gannan Normal University,2016,37(6):99-103.
[20]陈小瑜,谈晖.基于GIS空间分析的泉州市居民点分布特征研究[J].科技和产业,2015,15(11):14-19.CHEN Xiao-yu,TAN Hui.Thiessen polygon-based research on spatial distribution characteristic of Quanzhou`s settlements[J].Science Technology and Industry,2015,15(11):14-19.
[21]李学东,杨玥,杨波,等.基于耕作半径分析的山区农村居民点布局优化[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(12):267-273.LI Xue-dong,YANG Yue,YANG Bo,et al.Layout optimization of rural settlements in mountainous areas based on farming radius analysis[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2018,34(12):267-273.
[2]刘卓,覃炼.基于GIS的农村居民点空间格局研究:以资兴市为例[J].资源信息与工程,2018(5):139-140.LIU Zhuo,QIN Lian.Study on spatial pattern of rural residential area based on GIS:taking Zixing city as an example[J].Resource Information and Engineering,2018(5):139-140.
[3]曾远文,丁忆,胡艳,等.农村居民点空间布局及优化分析:以重庆市合川区狮滩镇聂家村为例[J].国土资源遥感,2018,30(3):113-119.ZENG Yuan-wen,DING Yi,HU Yan,et al.An analysis of spatial distribution and optimization of rural settlements:a case study of Niejia village in Shitan town,Hechuan district,Chongqing[J].Remote Sensing for Land&Resources,2018,30(3):113-119.
[4]韩玉萍.农村居民点土地集约节约利用评价研究:以兰州市七里河区黄峪乡为例[J].甘肃农业,2018(14):34-38.HAN Yu-ping.Evaluation of intensive and economical use of land in rural settlements:a case study of Huangyu town,Qilihe district,Lanzhou city[J].Gansu Agriculture,2018(14):34-38.
[5]刘超,许月卿,王惠,等.关中地区农村居民点用地数量变化时空特征及影响因素分析[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018,54(3):300-307.LIU Chao,XU Yue-qing,WANG Hui,et al.Spatialtemporal characteristics and influencing factors of rural settlements in Guanzhong[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science),2018,54(3):300-307.
[6]杨思遥,王艳慧,李贺颖.村级居民点离散度评价模型及其与农村经济关联分析[J].地理与地理信息科学,2015,31(5):73-78.YANG Si-yao,WANG Yan-hui,LI He-ying.Village residential dispersion model and its association with rural economy[J].Geography and Geo-Information Science,2015,31(5):73-78.
[7]HE Ying-bin,CHEN You-qi,YAO Yan-min,et al.Study on the feasibility of the calculation methods of consolidating rural residential land into arable land in China.[J].Journal of Landscape Research,2009,1(9):55-58.
[8]董春,罗玉波,刘纪平,等.基于Poisson对数线性模型的居民点与地理因子的相关性研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2005(4):79-84.DONG Chun,LUO Yu-bo,LIU Ji-ping,et al.Study on correlation between residential points and geographical factor based on Poisson logarithm linearity model[J].China Population Resources and Environment,2005(4):79-84.
[9]张勰,杨柳.基于空间自相关的农村居民点空间分布特征及影响因素:以贵州省威宁县为例[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(12):295-300.ZHANG Xie,YANG Liu.Spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements and its influencing factors based on spatial autocorrelation:taking Weining county of Guizhou Province as an example[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2018,46(12):295-300.
[10]宋洁华,李少伟,赵志忠,等.泰森多边形在居民点空间分布特征分析中的应用研究:以海南省临高县为例[J].海南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,26(2):223-226.SONG Jie-hua,LI Shao-wei,ZHAO Zhi-zhong,et al.Research on application of Thiessen Polygon to spatial distribution characteristics of settlement:a case study of Lingao county[J].Journal of Hainan Normal University(Natural Science),2013,26(2):223-226.
[11]闫庆武,谭学玲.基于GIS的半干旱农牧交错区农村居民点分布特征研究:以内蒙古伊金霍洛旗为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(5):107-112.YAN Qing-wu,TAN Xue-ling.Spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in semi-arid agro-pastoral transition area based on GIS:a case study in Yijinhuoluo county,Inner Mongolia[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2017,31(5):107-112.
[12]刘晓恒,杨柳.基于Voronoi图的农村居民点空间分布及整治潜力研究:以威宁县为例[J].国土与自然资源研究,2016(6):46-51.LIU Xiao-heng,YANG Liu.Voronoi diagram-based research on spatial distribution of rural settlements and consolidation potential:taking Weining county as an example[J].Territory&Natural Resources Study,2016(6):46-51.
[13]Okabe A,Suzuki A.Locational optimization problems solved through Voronoi diagrams[J].European Journal of Operational Research,1997,98(3):445-456.
[14]邓平,王志城.基于Voronoi图的农村居民点空间分布特征研究[J].地理空间信息,2015,13(1):125-127.DENG Ping,WAGN Zhi-cheng.Study on spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements based on Voronoi diagram[J].Geospatial Information,2015,13(1):125-127.
[15]刘仙桃,郑新奇,李道兵.基于Voronoi图的农村居民点空间分布特征及其影响因素研究:以北京市昌平区为例[J].生态与农村环境学报,2009,25(2):30-33,93.LIU Xian-tao,ZHENG Xin-qi,LI Dao-bing.Voronoi diagram based research on spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements and its affecting factors:a case study of Changping district Beijing[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2009,25(2):30-33,93.
[16]Duyckaerts C,Godefroy G.Voronoi tessellation to study the numerical density and the spatial distribution of neurones[J].Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy,2000,20:83-92.
[17]徐羽,钟业喜,徐丽婷,等.江西省农村居民点时空特征及其影响因素研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(6):504-511.XU Yu,ZHONG Ye-xi,XU Li-ting,et al.Research on spatial-temporal characteristics and driving forces of rural settlements in Jiangxi Province[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(6):504-511.
[18]谭学玲,闫庆武,李晶晶,等.盘县农村居民点空间分布特征及其地形地貌影响因素分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(12):2083-2090.TAN Xue-ling,YAN Qing-wu,LI Jing-jing,et al.Analysis the characteristics of spatial distribution and topographical influencing factors of rural settlements in Pan county[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2017,26(12):2083-2090.
[19]郭昌晟,游细斌,付远方.基于GIS的丘陵地区农村居民点发展评价研究:以江西会昌晓龙乡为例[J].赣南师范大学学报,2016,37(6):99-103.GUO Chang-sheng,YOU Xi-bin,FU Yuan-fang.Development evaluation of rural settlements in hilly area based on GIS:a case study of Xiaolong township of Jiangxi[J].Journal of Gannan Normal University,2016,37(6):99-103.
[20]陈小瑜,谈晖.基于GIS空间分析的泉州市居民点分布特征研究[J].科技和产业,2015,15(11):14-19.CHEN Xiao-yu,TAN Hui.Thiessen polygon-based research on spatial distribution characteristic of Quanzhou`s settlements[J].Science Technology and Industry,2015,15(11):14-19.
[21]李学东,杨玥,杨波,等.基于耕作半径分析的山区农村居民点布局优化[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(12):267-273.LI Xue-dong,YANG Yue,YANG Bo,et al.Layout optimization of rural settlements in mountainous areas based on farming radius analysis[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2018,34(12):267-273.