110 kV变压器励磁涌流导致保护误动分析
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摘要
在主变压器送电时,主变压器中的励磁涌流可能导致设备保护误动,进而使送电不成功。分析了主变励磁涌流产生的原因,阐述了励磁涌流及涌流中零序分量产生的机理,指出了励磁涌流及其零序分量的影响因素,针对励磁涌流导致保护误动的情况,结合工作中两起由励磁涌流导致保护误动的实际案例,分析了保护误动的原因,给出了具体的改进措施及建议,并分析了其中的利弊。
When the main transformer is used for power transmission, the magnetizing inrush current of the main transformer may cause the protection misoperation of the equipment, leading to the power transmission failure. This paper analyzed the reasons of the main transformer excitation inrush current, expounds the mechanism of the excitation inrush current and zero sequence component in the flow, and points out the causing factor. Based on the case study of two protection misoperations caused by inrush current, it analyses the reasons of protection maloperation, puts forward the specific improvement measures and suggestions, and analyses the advantages and disadvantages.
When the main transformer is used for power transmission, the magnetizing inrush current of the main transformer may cause the protection misoperation of the equipment, leading to the power transmission failure. This paper analyzed the reasons of the main transformer excitation inrush current, expounds the mechanism of the excitation inrush current and zero sequence component in the flow, and points out the causing factor. Based on the case study of two protection misoperations caused by inrush current, it analyses the reasons of protection maloperation, puts forward the specific improvement measures and suggestions, and analyses the advantages and disadvantages.
引文
[1] 郝志国,张保会,褚云龙.变压器励磁涌流鉴别技术的现状和发展[J].变压器,2005,42(7):23-27.HAO Zhiguo,ZHANG Baohui,CHU Yunlong.Trend and Situation of Distinguish Technology of Transformer Magnetizing Inrush Current[J].Transformer,2005,42(7):23-27.
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[3] 吕志娟,刘万顺,肖仕武,等.一种快速识别变压器励磁涌流和内部故障的新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(2):47-51.LYU Zhijuan,LIU Wanshun,XIAO Shiwu,et al.A Novel Scheme to Fast Discriminate Inrush Current From Internal Fault of Power Transformer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(2):47-51.
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[5] 李晓华,罗龙波,谢金泉,等.高压内置型高阻抗变压器涌流特性对保护的影响[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(11):108-114.LI Xiaohua,LUO Longbo,XIE Jinquan,et al.Impact of Inrush Current Characteristics of Hingh-Voltage Built-in High-Impedance Transformer on Relay[J].Automation of Electric Power system,2016,40(11):108-114.
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[7] 李斌,马超,商汉军,等.内桥接线主变压器差动保护误动原因分析[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(1):99-102.LI Bin,MA Chao,SHANG Hanjun,et al.Analysis on Mal-Operation of Differential Protection of Main Transformer with Internal Bridge Connection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(1):99-102.
[8] 方愉冬,徐习东,朱炳铨.变压器涌流对零序电流保护的影响分析[J].电力自动化设备,2008,28(9):115-118.FANG Yudong,XU Xidong,ZHU Bingquan.Influence of Transformer Inrush on Zero-Sequence Current Protection[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2008,28(9):115-118.
[9] 王琦.合闸策略对变压器励磁涌流零序分量的影响[J].武汉科技大学学报,2015,38(3):220-225.WANG Qi.Effect of Switching Strategy on Zero-Squence Compont of Transformer Inrush Current[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology,2015,38(3):220-225.
[10] 谭靖,肖浩,李艳,等.基于暂态仿真的主要涌流对线路零序过流保护的影响研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(19):149-153.TAN Jing,XIAO Hao,LI Yan,et al.Study on influence of Transformer Magnetizing Inrush Current on the Line Zero Sequence Overcurrent Protection by Transient Simulation[J].Power system Protection and Control,2015,43(19):149-153.
[11] CHIESA N,MORK B A,HOIDALEN H K.Transformer Model for Inrush Current Calculations:Simulation,Measurements and Sensitivity Analysis[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2010,25(4):2599-2608.
[12] 何梦,徐楠,李海南,等.变压器消磁及剩磁验证装置的研制[J].电力与能源,2018,39(3):310-314.HE Meng,XU Nan,LI Hainan,et al.Development of Transformer Degaussing and Residual Magnetic Verification Device[J].Power & Energy,2018,39(3):310-314.
[13] 李宏任.实用继电保护[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[14] 孙旭东,王善铭.电机学[M].北京:清华大学版社,2006.
[15] 李琥,周海洋.断路器合闸电阻对变压器励磁涌流的影响[J].高压电器,2003,39(1):16-18.LI Hu,ZHOU Haiyang.Effect of Closing Resistor Inside Circuit Breaker on Inrush Current of Transformer[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2003,39(1):16-18.
[16] 林湘宁,刘沛,刘世明,等.变压器有载合闸的超饱和现象及对变压器差动保护的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(3):6-11.LIN Xiangning,LIU Pei,LIU Shiming,et al.Ultrasaturation State During Transformer Switch-in with Load and Ite Influence to Transformer Differential Protection[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(3):6-11.
[17] 朱坷,徐文远,田立军,等.利用中性点电阻削弱变压器励磁涌流[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(11):61-66.ZHU Ke,XU Wenyuan,TIAN Lijun,et al.New Method for Mitigating Inrush Current of Transformer by Neutral Grounding Resistor[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2006,30(11):61-66.
[18] 任保瑞,赵锋,刘小改,等.励磁涌流引起的变压器差动保护误动作分析及对策[J].电网与清洁能源,2010,26(10):6-13.REN Baorui,ZHAO Feng,LIU Xiaogai,et al.An Analysis and Corresponding Countermeasures for Transformer Differential Protection Misoperations Caused by Magnetic Inrush Currennt[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2010,26(10):6-13.
[19] 王辉,王传能,张永丰.110 kV备自投动作行为分析[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(2):127-132.WANG hui,WANG Chuanneng,ZHANG Yongfeng.Analysis of 110 kV Automatic Bus Transfer Equipment Action[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(2):127-132.
[2] 何越,林湘宁,黄景光.一种直接消除变压器合闸励磁涌流的方法[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(11):141-149.HE Yue,LIN Xiangning,HUANG Jingguang.A Method to Eliminate the Magnetizing Inrush Current of Energized Transformers[J].Transations of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(11):141-149.
[3] 吕志娟,刘万顺,肖仕武,等.一种快速识别变压器励磁涌流和内部故障的新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(2):47-51.LYU Zhijuan,LIU Wanshun,XIAO Shiwu,et al.A Novel Scheme to Fast Discriminate Inrush Current From Internal Fault of Power Transformer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(2):47-51.
[4] 焦邵华,刘万顺.区分变压器励磁涌流和内部短路的积分型波形对称原理[J].中国电机工程学报,1999,19(8):35-38.JIAO Shaohua,LIU Wanshun.A Novel Scheme to Discriminate Inrush Current and Fault Current Based on Integrating the Waveform[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1999,19(8):35-38.
[5] 李晓华,罗龙波,谢金泉,等.高压内置型高阻抗变压器涌流特性对保护的影响[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(11):108-114.LI Xiaohua,LUO Longbo,XIE Jinquan,et al.Impact of Inrush Current Characteristics of Hingh-Voltage Built-in High-Impedance Transformer on Relay[J].Automation of Electric Power system,2016,40(11):108-114.
[6] 刘沪平,陈恒祥,田辉,等.复压闭锁引起的变压器后备保护死区分析[J].江苏电机工程,2010,29(6):47-50.LIU Huping,CHEN Hengxiang,TIAN Hui,et al.Analysis of Transformer Backup Protection Dead-Zone Coursed by Compound Voltage Locking[J].Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2010,29(6):47-50.
[7] 李斌,马超,商汉军,等.内桥接线主变压器差动保护误动原因分析[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(1):99-102.LI Bin,MA Chao,SHANG Hanjun,et al.Analysis on Mal-Operation of Differential Protection of Main Transformer with Internal Bridge Connection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(1):99-102.
[8] 方愉冬,徐习东,朱炳铨.变压器涌流对零序电流保护的影响分析[J].电力自动化设备,2008,28(9):115-118.FANG Yudong,XU Xidong,ZHU Bingquan.Influence of Transformer Inrush on Zero-Sequence Current Protection[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2008,28(9):115-118.
[9] 王琦.合闸策略对变压器励磁涌流零序分量的影响[J].武汉科技大学学报,2015,38(3):220-225.WANG Qi.Effect of Switching Strategy on Zero-Squence Compont of Transformer Inrush Current[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology,2015,38(3):220-225.
[10] 谭靖,肖浩,李艳,等.基于暂态仿真的主要涌流对线路零序过流保护的影响研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(19):149-153.TAN Jing,XIAO Hao,LI Yan,et al.Study on influence of Transformer Magnetizing Inrush Current on the Line Zero Sequence Overcurrent Protection by Transient Simulation[J].Power system Protection and Control,2015,43(19):149-153.
[11] CHIESA N,MORK B A,HOIDALEN H K.Transformer Model for Inrush Current Calculations:Simulation,Measurements and Sensitivity Analysis[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2010,25(4):2599-2608.
[12] 何梦,徐楠,李海南,等.变压器消磁及剩磁验证装置的研制[J].电力与能源,2018,39(3):310-314.HE Meng,XU Nan,LI Hainan,et al.Development of Transformer Degaussing and Residual Magnetic Verification Device[J].Power & Energy,2018,39(3):310-314.
[13] 李宏任.实用继电保护[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[14] 孙旭东,王善铭.电机学[M].北京:清华大学版社,2006.
[15] 李琥,周海洋.断路器合闸电阻对变压器励磁涌流的影响[J].高压电器,2003,39(1):16-18.LI Hu,ZHOU Haiyang.Effect of Closing Resistor Inside Circuit Breaker on Inrush Current of Transformer[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2003,39(1):16-18.
[16] 林湘宁,刘沛,刘世明,等.变压器有载合闸的超饱和现象及对变压器差动保护的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(3):6-11.LIN Xiangning,LIU Pei,LIU Shiming,et al.Ultrasaturation State During Transformer Switch-in with Load and Ite Influence to Transformer Differential Protection[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(3):6-11.
[17] 朱坷,徐文远,田立军,等.利用中性点电阻削弱变压器励磁涌流[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(11):61-66.ZHU Ke,XU Wenyuan,TIAN Lijun,et al.New Method for Mitigating Inrush Current of Transformer by Neutral Grounding Resistor[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2006,30(11):61-66.
[18] 任保瑞,赵锋,刘小改,等.励磁涌流引起的变压器差动保护误动作分析及对策[J].电网与清洁能源,2010,26(10):6-13.REN Baorui,ZHAO Feng,LIU Xiaogai,et al.An Analysis and Corresponding Countermeasures for Transformer Differential Protection Misoperations Caused by Magnetic Inrush Currennt[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2010,26(10):6-13.
[19] 王辉,王传能,张永丰.110 kV备自投动作行为分析[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(2):127-132.WANG hui,WANG Chuanneng,ZHANG Yongfeng.Analysis of 110 kV Automatic Bus Transfer Equipment Action[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(2):127-132.