氯化镍对雏鸡盲肠扁桃体影响
|
摘要
本研究采用显微组织学、超微组织学以及末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记测定法(TUNEL)等方法,研究了日粮中高水平氯化镍(NiCl_2)对雏鸡盲肠扁桃体的影响。结果表明,NiCl_2处理组与对照组相比,盲肠扁桃体发育受到明显抑制;淋巴滤泡内弥漫排列的淋巴细胞明显减少。超微结构和TUNEL检测发现,900 mg/kg处理组盲肠扁桃体凋亡细胞增多,淋巴细胞线粒体肿胀或空泡化,同时也观察到淋巴细胞核膜扩张。结果表明,日粮中NiCl_2水平超过300 mg/kg时,可抑制盲肠扁桃体的生长,引起组织结构和细胞器的损伤,提示过量NiCl_2可使盲肠扁桃体正常发育和功能受损,从而导致雏鸡消化系统黏膜免疫功能降低。
This study aims to determine effects of dietary nickel chloride(NiCl_2) on the development of cecal tonsil in broilers by the methods of light microscope(LM),transmission electron microscope(TEM) and TUNEL.Results showed that the development of cecal tonsils were significantly inhibited,and decreased lymphocytes with diffuse arrangement in lymphoid follicles were observed in the NiCl_2 treated group when compared with the control group.By ultrastructure and TUNEL assays,more apoptotic cells were found in the 900 mg/kg group.The mitochondria of lymphocyte were swelled or vacuolated with degenerating cristae,the nuclear membrane of lymphocyte was expanded.In conclusion,dietary NiCl_2 in excess of 300 mg/kg inhibited the growth of the cecal tonsil,and caused histological and ultrastructural damages,indicating that the normal development and function could be finally impaired by excessive NiCl_2,which might cause depressed mucosal immune function of digestive system in broilers.
This study aims to determine effects of dietary nickel chloride(NiCl_2) on the development of cecal tonsil in broilers by the methods of light microscope(LM),transmission electron microscope(TEM) and TUNEL.Results showed that the development of cecal tonsils were significantly inhibited,and decreased lymphocytes with diffuse arrangement in lymphoid follicles were observed in the NiCl_2 treated group when compared with the control group.By ultrastructure and TUNEL assays,more apoptotic cells were found in the 900 mg/kg group.The mitochondria of lymphocyte were swelled or vacuolated with degenerating cristae,the nuclear membrane of lymphocyte was expanded.In conclusion,dietary NiCl_2 in excess of 300 mg/kg inhibited the growth of the cecal tonsil,and caused histological and ultrastructural damages,indicating that the normal development and function could be finally impaired by excessive NiCl_2,which might cause depressed mucosal immune function of digestive system in broilers.
引文
[1] BARRIE L A.Atmospheric nickel in Canada.In:effects of nickel in the Canadian environment[M].Ottawa:National Research Council of Canada,1981:55-76.
[2] WHO.Nickel:Environmental health criteria No:108,World Health Organization,Geneva,1991.
[3] 吕银知,张芊芊,赵建亮,等.生理毒代动力学模型及其在有机污染物水生生态毒理研究中的应用[J].生态毒理学报,2018,13(5):11-26.
[4] DEMIR T A,ISIKLI B,URER S M,et al.Nickel exposure and its effects[J].Biometals,2005,18(1):7-13.
[5] KASPRZAK K S,SUNDERMAN JR F W,SALNIKOW K.Nickel carcinogenesis[J].Mutat Res,2003,533(1):67-97.
[6] KASPRZAK K S,WAALKES M P,POIRIER L A.Effects of essential divalent metals on carcinogenicity and metabolism of nickel and cadmium[J].Biol Trace Elem Res,1987,13(1):253-273.
[7] CAVALLO D,URSINI C L,SETINI A,et al.Evaluation of oxidative damage and inhibition of DNA repair in an in vitro study of nickel exposure[J].Toxicol Vitro,2003,17(6):603-607.
[8] YAMADA M,TAKAHASHI S,SATO H,et al.Solubility of nickel oxide particles in various solutions and rat alveolar macrophages[J].Biol Trace Elem Res,1993,36(1):89-98.
[9] PANDEY R,KUMAR R,SINGH S P,et al.Male reproductive effect of nickel sulphate in mice[J].Biometals,1999,12(4):339-346.
[10] PRASAD L,KHAN T H,JAHANGIR T,et al.Acorus calamus extracts and nickel chloride[J].Biol Trace Elem Res,2006,113(1):77-91.
[11] VIJAYAVELA K,GOPALAKRISHNANA S,THIAGARAJANB R,et al.Immunotoxic effects of nickel in the mud crab Scylla serrata[J].Fish Shellfish Immun,2009,26(1):133-139.
[12] KOH J K,KIM W H,LEE C H.Early gene expression in mouse spleen cells after exposure to nickel acetate[J].Toxicol Res-UK,2006,22(2):95-102.
[13] YIN S,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Toxic effect of NiCl2 on development of the bursa of Fabricius in broiler chickens[J].Oncotarget,2016,7(1):125-139.
[14] TANG K,GUO H,DENG J,et al.Inhibitive effects of nickel chloride (NiCl2) on thymocytes[J].Biol Trace Elem,2015,164(2):242-252.
[15] SALSANO F,FRANCIA C,ROUMPEDAKI I,et al.Immune effects of nickel[J].Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol,2004,17(suppl/2):63-69.
[16] LING J R,LEACH R M.Studies on nickel metabolism:interaction with other mineral elements[J].Poult Sci,1979,58(3):591-596.
[17] KOSTIAL K,KARGA.Gut retention of metals in rats[J].Biol Trace Elem,1989,21(1):213-218.
[18] HUMBERD J,BOYD K,WEBSTER R G.Emergence of influenza A virus variants after prolonged shedding from pheasants[J].J Virol,2007,81(8):4044-4051.
[19] MACDONALD T T.The mucosal immune system[J].Parasite Immunol,2003,25(5):235-246.
[20] FONNESBECK P V.Nutrient requirements of poultry[J].Anim Sci Tech,1986,15(3):246-247.
[21] MESTECKY J,MORO I,UNDERDOWN B J.Mucosal immunoglobulins[J].Immunol Rev,2005,206:64-82.
[22] AKTER S,KHAN M Z I,JAHAN R,et al.Histomorphological study of the lymphoid tissues of broiler chickens[J].Bangl J Vet Med,2006,4(2):87-92.
[23] LILLEHOJ H S,TROUT J M.Avian gut-associated lymphoid tissues and intestinal immune responses to Eimeria parasites[J].Clin Microbiol Rev,1996,9(3):349-360.
[24] WILSON J H,WILSON E J,RUSZLER P L.Dietary nickel improves male broiler (Gallus domesticus) bone strength[J].Biol Trace Elem Res,2001,83(3):239-249.
[25] CAPCAROVA M,KOLESAROVA A,ARPASOVA H,et al.Blood biochemical dynamics and correlations in laying hens after experimental nickel administration[J].Int J Poultry Sci,2008,7(6):538-547.
[26] WU B,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Dietary nickel chloride induces oxidative stress,apoptosis and alters Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase-3 mRNA expression in the cecal tonsil of broilers[J].Food Chem Toxicol,2014,63:18-29.
[27] WU B,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Toxicological effects of dietary nickel chloride on the diversity of intestinal microbiota[J].Ecotox Environ Safe,2014,109:70-76.
[28] WU B,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Toxicological effects of nickel Chloride on IgA+ B cells and sIgA,IgA,IgG,IgM in the intestinal mucosal immunity in broiler[J].Int J Environ Res Pub Heal,2014,11(8):8175-8192.
[29] WU B,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Toxicological effects of nickel chloride on the cytokine mRNA expression and protein levels in intestinal mucosal immunity of broilers[J].Environ Toxicol,2014,30(11):1309-1321.
[30] WU B,GUO H,CUI H,et al.Pathway underlying small intestine apoptosis by dietary nickel chloride in broiler chickens[J].Chem Biol Interact,2016,243:91-106.
[31] BURACZEWSKA L,SWIECH E,TUSNIO A.The effect of pectin on amino acid digestibility and digesta viscosity,motility and morphology of the small intestine,and on N-balance and performance of young pigs[J].Livest Sci,2007,109(1):53-55.
[32] METTE S,LISE D,BENT B.Pre-weaning eating activity and morphological parameters in the small and large intestine of piglets[J].Livest Sci,2007,108(1):128-131.
[33] YU J,YIN P,LIU F H,et al.Effect of heat stress on the porcine small intestine:A morphological and gene expression study[J].Comp Biochem Phys A,2010,156(1):119-128.
[34] WU B,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Dietary nickel chloride induces oxidative intestinal damage in broilers[J].Inter J Env Res Pub Heal,2013,10(6):2109-2119.
[35] BERG D,YOUDIM M B,RIEDERER P.Redox imbalance[J].Cell Tissue Res,2004,318(1):201-213.
[36] SHEN H M,SHI C Y,SHEN Y,et al.Detection of elevated reactive oxygen species level in cultured rat hepatocytes treated with aflatoxin B1[J].Free Radical Biol Med,1996,21(2):139-146.
[37] YANWIRASTI Y,ZAIN M,REVILLA G,et al.The study on apoptosis of the liver cells white rats due to different exposure times and dosages of aflatoxin B1[J].Majalah Pharma Medika,2011(3):205-210.
[38] KANNANA K,JAIN S K.Oxidative stress and apoptosis[J].Pathophysiology,2000,7(3):153-161.
[39] LEE S H,Choi J G,Cho M H.Nickel(Ⅱ)-treated normal rat kidney cells[J].J Korean Med Sci,2001,16:165-168.
[2] WHO.Nickel:Environmental health criteria No:108,World Health Organization,Geneva,1991.
[3] 吕银知,张芊芊,赵建亮,等.生理毒代动力学模型及其在有机污染物水生生态毒理研究中的应用[J].生态毒理学报,2018,13(5):11-26.
[4] DEMIR T A,ISIKLI B,URER S M,et al.Nickel exposure and its effects[J].Biometals,2005,18(1):7-13.
[5] KASPRZAK K S,SUNDERMAN JR F W,SALNIKOW K.Nickel carcinogenesis[J].Mutat Res,2003,533(1):67-97.
[6] KASPRZAK K S,WAALKES M P,POIRIER L A.Effects of essential divalent metals on carcinogenicity and metabolism of nickel and cadmium[J].Biol Trace Elem Res,1987,13(1):253-273.
[7] CAVALLO D,URSINI C L,SETINI A,et al.Evaluation of oxidative damage and inhibition of DNA repair in an in vitro study of nickel exposure[J].Toxicol Vitro,2003,17(6):603-607.
[8] YAMADA M,TAKAHASHI S,SATO H,et al.Solubility of nickel oxide particles in various solutions and rat alveolar macrophages[J].Biol Trace Elem Res,1993,36(1):89-98.
[9] PANDEY R,KUMAR R,SINGH S P,et al.Male reproductive effect of nickel sulphate in mice[J].Biometals,1999,12(4):339-346.
[10] PRASAD L,KHAN T H,JAHANGIR T,et al.Acorus calamus extracts and nickel chloride[J].Biol Trace Elem Res,2006,113(1):77-91.
[11] VIJAYAVELA K,GOPALAKRISHNANA S,THIAGARAJANB R,et al.Immunotoxic effects of nickel in the mud crab Scylla serrata[J].Fish Shellfish Immun,2009,26(1):133-139.
[12] KOH J K,KIM W H,LEE C H.Early gene expression in mouse spleen cells after exposure to nickel acetate[J].Toxicol Res-UK,2006,22(2):95-102.
[13] YIN S,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Toxic effect of NiCl2 on development of the bursa of Fabricius in broiler chickens[J].Oncotarget,2016,7(1):125-139.
[14] TANG K,GUO H,DENG J,et al.Inhibitive effects of nickel chloride (NiCl2) on thymocytes[J].Biol Trace Elem,2015,164(2):242-252.
[15] SALSANO F,FRANCIA C,ROUMPEDAKI I,et al.Immune effects of nickel[J].Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol,2004,17(suppl/2):63-69.
[16] LING J R,LEACH R M.Studies on nickel metabolism:interaction with other mineral elements[J].Poult Sci,1979,58(3):591-596.
[17] KOSTIAL K,KARGA.Gut retention of metals in rats[J].Biol Trace Elem,1989,21(1):213-218.
[18] HUMBERD J,BOYD K,WEBSTER R G.Emergence of influenza A virus variants after prolonged shedding from pheasants[J].J Virol,2007,81(8):4044-4051.
[19] MACDONALD T T.The mucosal immune system[J].Parasite Immunol,2003,25(5):235-246.
[20] FONNESBECK P V.Nutrient requirements of poultry[J].Anim Sci Tech,1986,15(3):246-247.
[21] MESTECKY J,MORO I,UNDERDOWN B J.Mucosal immunoglobulins[J].Immunol Rev,2005,206:64-82.
[22] AKTER S,KHAN M Z I,JAHAN R,et al.Histomorphological study of the lymphoid tissues of broiler chickens[J].Bangl J Vet Med,2006,4(2):87-92.
[23] LILLEHOJ H S,TROUT J M.Avian gut-associated lymphoid tissues and intestinal immune responses to Eimeria parasites[J].Clin Microbiol Rev,1996,9(3):349-360.
[24] WILSON J H,WILSON E J,RUSZLER P L.Dietary nickel improves male broiler (Gallus domesticus) bone strength[J].Biol Trace Elem Res,2001,83(3):239-249.
[25] CAPCAROVA M,KOLESAROVA A,ARPASOVA H,et al.Blood biochemical dynamics and correlations in laying hens after experimental nickel administration[J].Int J Poultry Sci,2008,7(6):538-547.
[26] WU B,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Dietary nickel chloride induces oxidative stress,apoptosis and alters Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase-3 mRNA expression in the cecal tonsil of broilers[J].Food Chem Toxicol,2014,63:18-29.
[27] WU B,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Toxicological effects of dietary nickel chloride on the diversity of intestinal microbiota[J].Ecotox Environ Safe,2014,109:70-76.
[28] WU B,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Toxicological effects of nickel Chloride on IgA+ B cells and sIgA,IgA,IgG,IgM in the intestinal mucosal immunity in broiler[J].Int J Environ Res Pub Heal,2014,11(8):8175-8192.
[29] WU B,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Toxicological effects of nickel chloride on the cytokine mRNA expression and protein levels in intestinal mucosal immunity of broilers[J].Environ Toxicol,2014,30(11):1309-1321.
[30] WU B,GUO H,CUI H,et al.Pathway underlying small intestine apoptosis by dietary nickel chloride in broiler chickens[J].Chem Biol Interact,2016,243:91-106.
[31] BURACZEWSKA L,SWIECH E,TUSNIO A.The effect of pectin on amino acid digestibility and digesta viscosity,motility and morphology of the small intestine,and on N-balance and performance of young pigs[J].Livest Sci,2007,109(1):53-55.
[32] METTE S,LISE D,BENT B.Pre-weaning eating activity and morphological parameters in the small and large intestine of piglets[J].Livest Sci,2007,108(1):128-131.
[33] YU J,YIN P,LIU F H,et al.Effect of heat stress on the porcine small intestine:A morphological and gene expression study[J].Comp Biochem Phys A,2010,156(1):119-128.
[34] WU B,CUI H,PENG X,et al.Dietary nickel chloride induces oxidative intestinal damage in broilers[J].Inter J Env Res Pub Heal,2013,10(6):2109-2119.
[35] BERG D,YOUDIM M B,RIEDERER P.Redox imbalance[J].Cell Tissue Res,2004,318(1):201-213.
[36] SHEN H M,SHI C Y,SHEN Y,et al.Detection of elevated reactive oxygen species level in cultured rat hepatocytes treated with aflatoxin B1[J].Free Radical Biol Med,1996,21(2):139-146.
[37] YANWIRASTI Y,ZAIN M,REVILLA G,et al.The study on apoptosis of the liver cells white rats due to different exposure times and dosages of aflatoxin B1[J].Majalah Pharma Medika,2011(3):205-210.
[38] KANNANA K,JAIN S K.Oxidative stress and apoptosis[J].Pathophysiology,2000,7(3):153-161.
[39] LEE S H,Choi J G,Cho M H.Nickel(Ⅱ)-treated normal rat kidney cells[J].J Korean Med Sci,2001,16:165-168.