南海北部珠江口盆地阳江凹陷油气勘探重要发现与认识
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摘要
珠江口盆地阳江凹陷历经多轮的对外合作勘探,钻井仅见到少量油气显示,始终未取得油气商业发现。近期利用大量钻井、地球化学和地震新资料,对阳江东凹石油地质条件进行了系统分析。研究表明:阳江东凹可划分为阳江24洼、恩平19洼、恩平20洼、恩平21洼4个次级洼陷及复式半地堑、双断地堑和简单半地堑3种洼陷结构;古近系文昌组以盆内中小型物源为主,半深湖相烃源岩广泛发育;其中恩平20洼的控洼断裂活动最早且持续时间最长,发育完整且垂向叠加稳定的文昌组,有利于高丰度半深湖相烃源岩形成而具备潜在富生烃潜力。通过源—断控藏新认识与流体检测技术,优选恩平20断裂背斜构造带,首选部署钻探Y10-1井即获得中型油田发现,测试获日产超1000m3的工业油流,实现了阳江凹陷油气勘探的重要突破,展示了该区广阔的勘探前景。阳江凹陷的勘探发现开辟了珠江口盆地新油区,而重视细节信息、强化基础研究和立足价值勘探,是取得新区大中型油气田突破的关键。
The exploration based on foreign cooperation has been carried out many rounds in Yangjiang sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, but only a few oil and gas shows are discovered and no commercial oil and gas discovery is achieved. Recently, the petroleum geological conditions in Yangjiang East sag were analyzed systematically based on a great amount of new drilling, geochemical and seismic data. It is indicated that Yangjiang East sag can be divided into 4 subsags, including Yangjiang 24 subsag, Enping 19 subsag, Enping 20 subsag and Enping 21 subsag. There are 3 kinds of subsag structures, including composite half graben, double-fault graben and single half graben. In Paleogene Wenchang Formation, the intrabasinal middle-and small-sized provenances are dominant and the source rocks of semi-deep lake facies are widely developed. Among them, Enping 20 subsag has the earliest and longest subsag controlling faulting activity and generates Wenchang Formation which is complete and vertically superimposed stably. It is favorable for the formation of high-abundance source rocks of semi-deep lake facies to provide the rich hydrocarbon generation potential. By using the fluid detection technique, combined with the new understandings on source-fault controlled reservoir, Enping 20 structural belt of faulted anticline was selected to deploy Well Y10-1 preferentially. Owing to its deployment, a middle-sized oil field is discovered with daily industrial oil production over 1000 m~3 during the testing, which means the important breakthrough of oil and gas exploration in Yangjiang sag and displays the promising exploration prospect in this area. In conclusion, the exploration discovery in Yangjiang sag opens up a new oil area in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, and the keys to the breakthrough of large-and middle-sized oil and gas fields in the new areas are focusing on the detailed information, enhancing the basic researches and standing on the value exploration.
The exploration based on foreign cooperation has been carried out many rounds in Yangjiang sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, but only a few oil and gas shows are discovered and no commercial oil and gas discovery is achieved. Recently, the petroleum geological conditions in Yangjiang East sag were analyzed systematically based on a great amount of new drilling, geochemical and seismic data. It is indicated that Yangjiang East sag can be divided into 4 subsags, including Yangjiang 24 subsag, Enping 19 subsag, Enping 20 subsag and Enping 21 subsag. There are 3 kinds of subsag structures, including composite half graben, double-fault graben and single half graben. In Paleogene Wenchang Formation, the intrabasinal middle-and small-sized provenances are dominant and the source rocks of semi-deep lake facies are widely developed. Among them, Enping 20 subsag has the earliest and longest subsag controlling faulting activity and generates Wenchang Formation which is complete and vertically superimposed stably. It is favorable for the formation of high-abundance source rocks of semi-deep lake facies to provide the rich hydrocarbon generation potential. By using the fluid detection technique, combined with the new understandings on source-fault controlled reservoir, Enping 20 structural belt of faulted anticline was selected to deploy Well Y10-1 preferentially. Owing to its deployment, a middle-sized oil field is discovered with daily industrial oil production over 1000 m~3 during the testing, which means the important breakthrough of oil and gas exploration in Yangjiang sag and displays the promising exploration prospect in this area. In conclusion, the exploration discovery in Yangjiang sag opens up a new oil area in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, and the keys to the breakthrough of large-and middle-sized oil and gas fields in the new areas are focusing on the detailed information, enhancing the basic researches and standing on the value exploration.
引文
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