SRT对酵母-SBR处理油脂废水稳定性的影响
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摘要
污泥龄(SRT)是影响废水生物处理系统稳定性的重要参数,SRT对酵母菌处理废水系统的影响尚不明确.为探明SRT对酵母处理油脂废水的影响,在序批式反应器(SBR)中考察了不同SRT(5、10、20、40 d)对废水处理效果、胞外聚合物(EPS)、酵母污泥沉降性的影响,并通过PCR-DGGE及克隆测序方法解析了系统中的酵母菌群落结构.结果表明:酵母菌处理油脂废水合适的SRT为5~10 d;较长SRT会导致COD去除率降低及污泥中EPS总量下降;酵母污泥中EPS以紧密型EPS为主,主要成分为多糖;5~40 d范围内的SRT对系统中酵母污泥的污泥容积指数(SVI)影响不显著,但系统在长的SRT(>20d)下运行会导致系统中丝状细胞明显增多,有丝状菌性膨胀的趋势;长、短SRT下酵母群落结构相似,系统中都出现了3株可以利用或者降解油脂的外源性酵母菌株.综上结果,短SRT有利于酵母处理油脂废水系统的运行稳定性.
Sludge retention time(SRT) is a crucial parameter to influence the stability of biological wastewater treatment systems.Especially,the effects of SRT on yeast-wastewater treatment remain unclear.In this study,mixtures of yeast strains were applied to treat oil-containing wastewater in sequencing batch reactors(SBR) and the effects of sludge retention time(SRT as 5,10,20,40 d)on the removal efficiency of pollutants,contents and composition of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS),yeast cells settleability and yeast communities were investigated.The results showed that the recommended SRT was 5-10 d for the yeast-SBR system; Higher SRT led to decrease of COD removal rate and content of EPS; the tightly-bounded EPS was the major one which consisted of polysaccharides.SRT of 5-40 d had no significant effects on the SVI of yeast cells,however,longer SRT(> 20 d) resulted in the increase of mycelial cells and a tendency to produce the filamentous bulking.In the continuous operation of SBR,three extraneous yeast strains capable of utilizing or degrading oil were identified in the systems under the short and long SRT.To conclude,shorter SRT was favorable for the system stability in treating oil-containing wastewater by yeasts.
Sludge retention time(SRT) is a crucial parameter to influence the stability of biological wastewater treatment systems.Especially,the effects of SRT on yeast-wastewater treatment remain unclear.In this study,mixtures of yeast strains were applied to treat oil-containing wastewater in sequencing batch reactors(SBR) and the effects of sludge retention time(SRT as 5,10,20,40 d)on the removal efficiency of pollutants,contents and composition of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS),yeast cells settleability and yeast communities were investigated.The results showed that the recommended SRT was 5-10 d for the yeast-SBR system; Higher SRT led to decrease of COD removal rate and content of EPS; the tightly-bounded EPS was the major one which consisted of polysaccharides.SRT of 5-40 d had no significant effects on the SVI of yeast cells,however,longer SRT(> 20 d) resulted in the increase of mycelial cells and a tendency to produce the filamentous bulking.In the continuous operation of SBR,three extraneous yeast strains capable of utilizing or degrading oil were identified in the systems under the short and long SRT.To conclude,shorter SRT was favorable for the system stability in treating oil-containing wastewater by yeasts.
引文
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[25]Salihu A,Alam M Z,Abdul Karim M I,et al.Optimization of lipase production by Candida cylindracea in palm oil mill effluent based medium using statistical experimental design[J].Journal of Molecular Catalysis B:Enzymatic,2011,69(1-2):66-73.
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[2]Daverey A,Pakshirajan K.Treatment of dairy wastewater containing high amount of fats and oils using a yeast-bioreactor system under batch,fed-batch and continuous operation[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2016,57(12):5473-5479.
[3]田园,段亮,宋永会,等.不同污泥龄膜生物反应器内微生物的群落结构特征[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(3):453-459.Tian Y,Duan L,Song Y H,et al.Characteristics of microbial community structure in membrane reactors under different solid retention times[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(3):453-459.
[4]Silva A F,Antunes S,Saunders A,et al.Impact of sludge retention time on the fine composition of the microbial community and extracellular polymeric substances in a membrane bioreactor[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2016,100(19):8507-8521.
[5]Al-Halbouni D,Traber J,Lyko S,et al.Correlation of EPS content in activated sludge at different sludge retention times with membrane fouling phenomena[J].Water Research,2008,42(6-7):1475-1488.
[6]Basuvaraj M,Fein J,Liss S N.Protein and polysaccharide content of tightly and loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances and the development of a granular activated sludge floc[J].Water Research,2015,82:104-117.
[7]Liu X M,Sheng G P,Luo H W,et al.Contribution of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)to the sludge aggregation[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2010,44(11):4355-4360.
[8]Ding ZJ,Bourven I,Guibaud G,et al.Role of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)production in bioaggregation:application to wastewater treatment[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2015,99(23):9883-9905.
[9]何志江,赵媛,张源凯,等.活性污泥表面性质对絮凝沉降性能与出水悬浮物的影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(8):3135-3143.He Z J,Zhao Y,Zhang Y K,et al.Influence of activated sludge surface properties on flocculating settling and effluent suspend solid[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(8):3135-3143.
[10]Liao B Q,Allen D G,Droppo I G,et al.Surface properties of sludge and their role in bioflocculation and settleability[J].Water Research,2001,35(2):339-350.
[11]Barker D J,Stuckey D C.A review of soluble microbial products(SMP)in wastewater treatment systems[J].Water Research,1999,33(14):3063-3082.
[12]吕文洲,刘英,朱建林.不同酵母菌组合处理含油废水的效能及酵母菌群落结构研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(9):2488-2492.LüW Z,Liu Y,Zhu J L.Efficiency and yeast community structure of oil-containing wastewater treatment system inoculated by different yeast strains complex[J].Environmental Science,2008,29(9):2488-2492.
[13]陶丽佳,李秀芬,王新华.SRT对MBR污泥性质的影响[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(3):719-724.Tao L J,Li X F,Wang X H.Effects of sludge retention time on sludge characteristics in membrane bioreactors[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2012,6(3):719-724.
[14]Liu H,Fang H H P.Extraction of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)of sludges[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2002,95(3):249-256.
[15]Lv W Z,Hesham A E L,Zhang Y,et al.Impacts of cell surface characteristics on population dynamics in a sequencing batch yeast reactor treating vegetable oil-containing wastewater[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2011,90(5):1785-1793.
[16]Frlund B,Palmgren R,Keiding K,et al.Extraction of extracellular polymers from activated sludge using a cation exchange resin[J].Water Research,1996,30(8):1749-1758.
[17]Dignac M F,Urbain V,Rybacki D,et al.Chemical description of extracellular polymers:implication on activated sludge floc structure[J].Water Science and Technology,1998,38(8-9):45-53.
[18]Neyens E,Baeyens J,Dewil R.Advanced sludge treatment affects extracellular polymeric substances to improve activated sludge dewatering[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2004,106(2-3):83-92.
[19]Ravella S R,Qui1ones T S,Retter A,et al.Extracellular polysaccharide(EPS)production by a novel strain of yeast-like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2010,82(3):728-732.
[20]Jahn A,Nielsen P H.Cell biomass and exopolymer composition in sewer biofilms[J].Water Science and Technology,1998,37(1):17-24.
[21]Batstone D J,Keller J.Variation of bulk properties of anaerobic granules with wastewater type[J].Water Research,2001,35(7):1723-1729.
[22]李久义,左华,栾兆坤,等.不同基质条件对生物膜细胞外聚合物组成和含量的影响[J].环境化学,2002,21(6):546-551.Li J Y,Zuo H,Luan Z K,et al.Effects of substrate conditions on compositions of extracellular polymeric substances in biofilms[J].Environmental Chemistry,2002,21(6):546-551.
[23]Andreadakis A D.Physical and chemical properties of activated sludge floc[J].Water Research,1993,27(12):1707-1714.
[24]田凤蓉,刘英,吕文洲,等.酵母菌产乳化剂能力及其对含油废水降解性能的影响研究[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(5):1062-1066.Tian F R,Liu Y,LüW Z,et al.Effects of emulsifier production and emulsification ability on biodegradation efficiency of oilcontaining wastewater by different yeast strains[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2011,5(5):1062-1066.
[25]Salihu A,Alam M Z,Abdul Karim M I,et al.Optimization of lipase production by Candida cylindracea in palm oil mill effluent based medium using statistical experimental design[J].Journal of Molecular Catalysis B:Enzymatic,2011,69(1-2):66-73.
[26]Wang L,Chi Z M,Wang X H,et al.Diversity of lipaseproducing yeasts from marine environments and oil hydrolysis by their crude enzymes[J].Annals of Microbiology,2007,57(4):495-501.
[27]Nicaud J M.Yarrowia lipolytica[J].Yeast,2012,29(10):409-418.
[28]Sudbery P E.Growth of Candida albicans hyphae[J].Nature Reviews Microbiology,2011,9(10):737-748.