外周与中心情绪信息的返回抑制效应
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摘要
目的:探讨外周信息和中心情绪信息对返回抑制的影响。方法:采用真实情绪场景图片,结合隐性附随搜索范式,考察线索化中心情绪信息与外周信息的返回抑制效应。结果:①线索化负性中心信息时,返回抑制效应消失且出现易化效应;线索化中性中心信息时,返回抑制效应依然存在。②线索化外周信息时,不管中心信息的情绪性如何,返回抑制效应均消失且均出现易化效应。结论:返回抑制是一种受外界情绪刺激干扰,受之前线索化位置或客体加工深度影响的非"盲目"机制。
Objective: Inhibition of return(IOR) refers to a phenomenon that is prolonged in response to an object or position in which the individual was observed before, and is an inhibitory mechanism in selective attention. Real scene emotional picture is a kind of stimulation with higher biological meaning, which is composed of emotional central information and neutral background. This study aimed to explore the effect of IOR on peripheral information or emotional central information. Methods: Central and peripheral information of real emotional scene pictures was defined according to eye movement index, and covert probe-following-search paradigm was used to analyze the difference effects of IOR between cued central emotional information and peripheral information. Results: ①When the negative central information was cued, the effect of IOR disappeared while the effect of facilitation of return appeared. When neutral central information was cued, the effect of IOR still existed. ②Regardless of emotional type about central information, the effect of IOR disappeared and the effect of facilitation appeared when the peripheral information was cued. Conclusion: The IOR is not a blindness mechanism influenced by external emotional stimuli and processing depth about cued positions or objects.
Objective: Inhibition of return(IOR) refers to a phenomenon that is prolonged in response to an object or position in which the individual was observed before, and is an inhibitory mechanism in selective attention. Real scene emotional picture is a kind of stimulation with higher biological meaning, which is composed of emotional central information and neutral background. This study aimed to explore the effect of IOR on peripheral information or emotional central information. Methods: Central and peripheral information of real emotional scene pictures was defined according to eye movement index, and covert probe-following-search paradigm was used to analyze the difference effects of IOR between cued central emotional information and peripheral information. Results: ①When the negative central information was cued, the effect of IOR disappeared while the effect of facilitation of return appeared. When neutral central information was cued, the effect of IOR still existed. ②Regardless of emotional type about central information, the effect of IOR disappeared and the effect of facilitation appeared when the peripheral information was cued. Conclusion: The IOR is not a blindness mechanism influenced by external emotional stimuli and processing depth about cued positions or objects.
引文
1金志成,陈骐.空间选择性注意研究的新进展--返回抑制的研究.心理科学,2000,23(6):710-714
2 Posner MI,Cohen Y.Components of visual orienting.Attention and Performance X:Control of language process,Bouma H,Bouwhuis DG,Hillsdale,NJ:Erlbaum,1984.531-556
3 Klein RM.Inhibitory tagging system facilitates visual search.Nature,1988,334(6181):430-431
4 Klein RM,Macinnes WJ.Inhibition of return is a foraging facilitator in visual search.Psychological Science,1999,10(4):346-352
5 Wang Z,Klein RM.Searching for inhibition of return in visual search:A review.Vision Research,2010,50(2):220-228
6王娜,任衍具.真实场景搜索中的眼动返回抑制.心理科学进展,2014,22(4):640-649
7 Smith TJ,Henderson JM.Does oculomotor inhibition of return influence fixation probability during scene search?Attention,Perception,&Psychophysics,2011,73(8):2384-2398
8 Kensinger EA,Piguet O,Krendl AC,et al.Memory for contextual details:Effects of emotion and aging.Psychology and Aging,2005,20(2):241-250
9 Steinmetz KRM,Kensinger EA.The emotion-induced memory trade-off:More than an effect of overt attention?Memory&Cognition,2013,41(1):69-81
10 Nummenmaa L,Hy?n?J,Calvo MG.Eye movement assessment of selective attentional capture by emotional pictures.Emotion,2006,6(2):257-268
11 García-Blanco A,Salmerón L,Perea M.Attentional capture by emotional scenes across episodes in bipolar disorder:Evidence from a free-viewing task.Biological Psychology,2015,108:36-42
12 Taylor TL,Therrien ME.Inhibition of return for faces.Perception&Psychophysics,2005,67(8):1414-1422
13 Lange W,Heuer K,Reinecke A,et al.Inhibition of return is unimpressed by emotional cues.Cognition&Emotion,2008,22(8):1433-1456
14邓晓红,张德玄,黄诗雪,等.阈上和阈下不同情绪线索对返回抑制的影响.心理学报,2010,42(3):325-333
15王敬欣,贾丽萍,白学军,等.返回抑制过程中情绪面孔加工优先:ERPs研究.心理学报,2013,45(1):1-10
16 Theeuwes J,Van der Stigchel S.Faces capture attention:Evidence from inhibition of return.Visual Cognition,2006,13(6):657-665
17 Rutherford HJV,Raymond JE.Effects of spatial cues on locating emotional targets.Visual Cognition,2010,18(3):389-412
18 Baijal S,Srinivasan N.Emotional and hemispheric asymmetries in shifts of attention:An ERP study.Cognition&Emotion,2011,25(2):280-294
19张瑜,郑希付,黄珊珊,等.不同线索下特质焦虑个体的返回抑制.心理学报,2013,45(4):446-452
20 Wilming N,Harst S,Schmidt N,et al.Saccadic momentum and facilitation of return saccades contribute to an optimal foraging strategy.PLoS Computational Biology,2013,9(1):e1002871
2 Posner MI,Cohen Y.Components of visual orienting.Attention and Performance X:Control of language process,Bouma H,Bouwhuis DG,Hillsdale,NJ:Erlbaum,1984.531-556
3 Klein RM.Inhibitory tagging system facilitates visual search.Nature,1988,334(6181):430-431
4 Klein RM,Macinnes WJ.Inhibition of return is a foraging facilitator in visual search.Psychological Science,1999,10(4):346-352
5 Wang Z,Klein RM.Searching for inhibition of return in visual search:A review.Vision Research,2010,50(2):220-228
6王娜,任衍具.真实场景搜索中的眼动返回抑制.心理科学进展,2014,22(4):640-649
7 Smith TJ,Henderson JM.Does oculomotor inhibition of return influence fixation probability during scene search?Attention,Perception,&Psychophysics,2011,73(8):2384-2398
8 Kensinger EA,Piguet O,Krendl AC,et al.Memory for contextual details:Effects of emotion and aging.Psychology and Aging,2005,20(2):241-250
9 Steinmetz KRM,Kensinger EA.The emotion-induced memory trade-off:More than an effect of overt attention?Memory&Cognition,2013,41(1):69-81
10 Nummenmaa L,Hy?n?J,Calvo MG.Eye movement assessment of selective attentional capture by emotional pictures.Emotion,2006,6(2):257-268
11 García-Blanco A,Salmerón L,Perea M.Attentional capture by emotional scenes across episodes in bipolar disorder:Evidence from a free-viewing task.Biological Psychology,2015,108:36-42
12 Taylor TL,Therrien ME.Inhibition of return for faces.Perception&Psychophysics,2005,67(8):1414-1422
13 Lange W,Heuer K,Reinecke A,et al.Inhibition of return is unimpressed by emotional cues.Cognition&Emotion,2008,22(8):1433-1456
14邓晓红,张德玄,黄诗雪,等.阈上和阈下不同情绪线索对返回抑制的影响.心理学报,2010,42(3):325-333
15王敬欣,贾丽萍,白学军,等.返回抑制过程中情绪面孔加工优先:ERPs研究.心理学报,2013,45(1):1-10
16 Theeuwes J,Van der Stigchel S.Faces capture attention:Evidence from inhibition of return.Visual Cognition,2006,13(6):657-665
17 Rutherford HJV,Raymond JE.Effects of spatial cues on locating emotional targets.Visual Cognition,2010,18(3):389-412
18 Baijal S,Srinivasan N.Emotional and hemispheric asymmetries in shifts of attention:An ERP study.Cognition&Emotion,2011,25(2):280-294
19张瑜,郑希付,黄珊珊,等.不同线索下特质焦虑个体的返回抑制.心理学报,2013,45(4):446-452
20 Wilming N,Harst S,Schmidt N,et al.Saccadic momentum and facilitation of return saccades contribute to an optimal foraging strategy.PLoS Computational Biology,2013,9(1):e1002871