低渗透和特低渗透油藏CO_2驱油封存监测体系的建立
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摘要
利用CO_2开展低渗透和特低渗透油藏驱油技术研究,涉及CO_2注入、驱油、采出和回收、回注等多个环节。但是超过一定程度的CO_2泄漏会对环境安全和人体健康产生危害,并且降低CO_2的驱油效果。通过辨识低、特低渗透油藏CO_2驱油封存的泄漏特征,分析了在驱油封存不同运营时期以及各个空间维度上的监测需求,剖析了不同监测技术的应用及技术之间的相互关系,建立了一套完整的低、特低渗透油藏CO_2驱油封存监测体系。该体系贯穿CO_2驱油封存全过程,覆盖地下、地表及大气,可以为低、特低渗透油藏CO_2驱油封存项目的实施提供安全有效的保障,促进二氧化碳的捕集、利用和封存技术的发展。
The given paper intends to devote itself to the establishment of a monitoring system for detecting the leakage of CO_2 for the CO_2 enhanced oil recovery( CO_2-EOR) and the storage project in the low and/or extra-low permeability reservoirs at home in China. To achieve the said purpose,we have adopted the following measures and steps: 1) Summary has been made to find multi-leakage pathways,multiple leakage modes and the natural and human factor-impacted liabilities of the low and extra-low permeability reservoirs,as well as the CO_2-EOR fullchain project; 2) Temporal and spatial monitoring demands have been made and analyzed for inspecting the purposes based on the study of the CO_2 leakage special features,including the study and determination of the fractures and faults in the construction,the caprock integrity,the CO_2 plume development,wellboring integrity,injection and production process,the groundwater,the near-surface gas and the surface deformation; 3) Based on the different temporal and spatial monitoring demands, we have traced and determined the interaction of the different monitoring means,followed by the optimization of the synthetic means for monitoring the CO_2 leakage of CO_2-EOR and the storage project effectively; 4) Based on the above study results,we have established an integrated monitoring system of CO_2-EOR and the storage project at the low and extra-low permeability reservoirs,which can cover the entire process and run through the underground surface,even over the atmosphere of CO_2-EOR and the storage project. Thus,the results of our study indicate that the monitoring system can cover all the background values of the res-ervoir,the reservoir fluid and gas,the surface deformation,the groundwater and the near-surface gas. At the same time,it can also detect the well integrity and caprock integrity in the preoperation phase,monitor the cracking of the likely fractures and faults,the CO_2 plume development,the CO_2 leakage from the reservoir and ensure that all the operations of the injection/process can run in a stable and smooth manner in the operation stage and monitor the CO_2-EOR plume development to prevent the CO_2 leakage from the reservoir so as to secure the safety and smoothness of the project environment for the stages of the on-site closure and post-closure. Hence,the study results gained in this paper should be qualified enough to provide scientific support for the safe and secure implementation of CO_2-EOR and the storage project in the low and extra-low permeatable reservoirs to promote development of the carbon capture,utilization and the entire storage technology at home in China.
The given paper intends to devote itself to the establishment of a monitoring system for detecting the leakage of CO_2 for the CO_2 enhanced oil recovery( CO_2-EOR) and the storage project in the low and/or extra-low permeability reservoirs at home in China. To achieve the said purpose,we have adopted the following measures and steps: 1) Summary has been made to find multi-leakage pathways,multiple leakage modes and the natural and human factor-impacted liabilities of the low and extra-low permeability reservoirs,as well as the CO_2-EOR fullchain project; 2) Temporal and spatial monitoring demands have been made and analyzed for inspecting the purposes based on the study of the CO_2 leakage special features,including the study and determination of the fractures and faults in the construction,the caprock integrity,the CO_2 plume development,wellboring integrity,injection and production process,the groundwater,the near-surface gas and the surface deformation; 3) Based on the different temporal and spatial monitoring demands, we have traced and determined the interaction of the different monitoring means,followed by the optimization of the synthetic means for monitoring the CO_2 leakage of CO_2-EOR and the storage project effectively; 4) Based on the above study results,we have established an integrated monitoring system of CO_2-EOR and the storage project at the low and extra-low permeability reservoirs,which can cover the entire process and run through the underground surface,even over the atmosphere of CO_2-EOR and the storage project. Thus,the results of our study indicate that the monitoring system can cover all the background values of the res-ervoir,the reservoir fluid and gas,the surface deformation,the groundwater and the near-surface gas. At the same time,it can also detect the well integrity and caprock integrity in the preoperation phase,monitor the cracking of the likely fractures and faults,the CO_2 plume development,the CO_2 leakage from the reservoir and ensure that all the operations of the injection/process can run in a stable and smooth manner in the operation stage and monitor the CO_2-EOR plume development to prevent the CO_2 leakage from the reservoir so as to secure the safety and smoothness of the project environment for the stages of the on-site closure and post-closure. Hence,the study results gained in this paper should be qualified enough to provide scientific support for the safe and secure implementation of CO_2-EOR and the storage project in the low and extra-low permeatable reservoirs to promote development of the carbon capture,utilization and the entire storage technology at home in China.
引文
[1] TAN Rongrong(谭蓉蓉). Low permeability oil and gas reservoir will become the mainstream of China's oil and gas development[J]. Natural Gas Industry(天然气工业),2009(4):128-128.
[2] XIA Huifen(夏惠芬),XU Yong(徐勇). Study on the mechanism and application of CO2flooding in low permeability reservoirs[J]. Contemporary Chemical Industry(当代化工),2017,46(3):471-474.
[3] WHITTAKER S,ROSTRON B,HAWKES C,et al. A decade of CO2,injection into depleting oil fields:monitoring and research activities of the IEA GHG weyburn-midale CO2monitoring and storage project[J]. Energy Procedia,2011,4(8/9):6069-6076.
[4] ZALUSKI W,EL-KASEEH G,LEE S Y,et al. Monitoring technology ranking methodology for CO2-EOR sites using the Weyburn-Midale field as a case study[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control,2016,54:466-478.
[5] LAKEMAN B,GUNTER W D,BACHU S,et al. Advancing the deployment of CO2monitoring technologies through the Pembina Cardium CO2monitoring project[J].Energy Procedia,2009,1(1):2293-2300.
[6] HAMLING J A,GORECKI C D,KLAPPERICH R J,et al. Overview of the Bell Creek combined CO2storage and CO2enhanced oil recovery project[J]. Energy Procedia,2013,37:6402-6411.
[7] LI Qi(李琦),LIU Guizhen(刘桂臻),ZHANG Jian(张建),et al. Status and suggestion of environmental monitoring for CO2geological storage[J]. Advances in Earth Science(地球科学进展),2013,28(6):718-727
[8] MA J,WANG X,GAO R,et al. Monitoring the safety of CO2sequestration in Jingbian field,China[J]. Energy Procedia,2013,37:3469-3478.
[9] MA J,WANG X,GAO R,et al. Jingbian CCS project,China:second year of injection,measurement,monitoring and verification[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 63:2921-2938.
[10] ZANG L,REN B,HUANG H,et al. CO2EOR and storage in Jilin oilfield China:monitoring program and preliminary results[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2015,125:1-12.
[11] WANG Guangfu(王光付),LIAO Rongfeng(廖荣凤),LI Jianglong(李江龙),et al. The development situation and future of low permeability oil reservoirs of SINOPEC[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency(油气地质与采收率),2007,14(3):84-89.
[12] ZHAO Yongpan(赵永攀),ZHAO Xiseng(赵习森),LI Jian(李剑),et al. Indoor experiment and field application of CO2flooding in ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing(大庆石油地质与开发),2018(1):128-133.
[13] LI Qi(李琦),SHI Hui(石晖),YANG Duoxing(杨多兴). Classification of hazard levels of carbon dioxide dispersion under a well blowout in a CCS project[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics(岩土力学),2016,37(7):2070-2080.
[14] TANAKA K,VILCAEZl J,SATO K. Improvement of CO2geological storage efficiency by injection and production well design[J]. Energy Procedia,2013,37:4591-4597.
[15] LI Qi(李琦),LIU Guizhen(刘桂臻),CAI Bofeng(蔡博峰),et al. Principle and methodology of determining the spactial range of environmental risk assessment of carbon dioxide geological storage[J]. Environmental Engineering,2018(2):27-32.
[16] CAI Bofeng(蔡博峰),GREG L,LIU Lancui(刘兰翠). Geological storage of carbon dioxide and environmental monitoring(二氧化碳地质封存和环境监测)[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2013:36-39.
[17] MA Jinfeng(马劲风),YANG Yang(杨杨),CAI Bofeng(蔡博峰),et al. Environmental monitoring range for different types of CO2sequestration projects and its related issues geologic[J]. Environmental Engineering(环境工程),2018,36(2):10-14.
[18] Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国环境保护部).Technical guideline on environmental risk assessment for carbon dioxide capture,utilization and storage(on trial)(二氧化碳捕集、利用与封存环境风险评估技术指南(试行))[EB/OL].[2016-06-28]. http://www. mee. gov. cn/gkml/hbb/bgt/201606/t20160624 356016. htm.
[2] XIA Huifen(夏惠芬),XU Yong(徐勇). Study on the mechanism and application of CO2flooding in low permeability reservoirs[J]. Contemporary Chemical Industry(当代化工),2017,46(3):471-474.
[3] WHITTAKER S,ROSTRON B,HAWKES C,et al. A decade of CO2,injection into depleting oil fields:monitoring and research activities of the IEA GHG weyburn-midale CO2monitoring and storage project[J]. Energy Procedia,2011,4(8/9):6069-6076.
[4] ZALUSKI W,EL-KASEEH G,LEE S Y,et al. Monitoring technology ranking methodology for CO2-EOR sites using the Weyburn-Midale field as a case study[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control,2016,54:466-478.
[5] LAKEMAN B,GUNTER W D,BACHU S,et al. Advancing the deployment of CO2monitoring technologies through the Pembina Cardium CO2monitoring project[J].Energy Procedia,2009,1(1):2293-2300.
[6] HAMLING J A,GORECKI C D,KLAPPERICH R J,et al. Overview of the Bell Creek combined CO2storage and CO2enhanced oil recovery project[J]. Energy Procedia,2013,37:6402-6411.
[7] LI Qi(李琦),LIU Guizhen(刘桂臻),ZHANG Jian(张建),et al. Status and suggestion of environmental monitoring for CO2geological storage[J]. Advances in Earth Science(地球科学进展),2013,28(6):718-727
[8] MA J,WANG X,GAO R,et al. Monitoring the safety of CO2sequestration in Jingbian field,China[J]. Energy Procedia,2013,37:3469-3478.
[9] MA J,WANG X,GAO R,et al. Jingbian CCS project,China:second year of injection,measurement,monitoring and verification[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 63:2921-2938.
[10] ZANG L,REN B,HUANG H,et al. CO2EOR and storage in Jilin oilfield China:monitoring program and preliminary results[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2015,125:1-12.
[11] WANG Guangfu(王光付),LIAO Rongfeng(廖荣凤),LI Jianglong(李江龙),et al. The development situation and future of low permeability oil reservoirs of SINOPEC[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency(油气地质与采收率),2007,14(3):84-89.
[12] ZHAO Yongpan(赵永攀),ZHAO Xiseng(赵习森),LI Jian(李剑),et al. Indoor experiment and field application of CO2flooding in ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing(大庆石油地质与开发),2018(1):128-133.
[13] LI Qi(李琦),SHI Hui(石晖),YANG Duoxing(杨多兴). Classification of hazard levels of carbon dioxide dispersion under a well blowout in a CCS project[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics(岩土力学),2016,37(7):2070-2080.
[14] TANAKA K,VILCAEZl J,SATO K. Improvement of CO2geological storage efficiency by injection and production well design[J]. Energy Procedia,2013,37:4591-4597.
[15] LI Qi(李琦),LIU Guizhen(刘桂臻),CAI Bofeng(蔡博峰),et al. Principle and methodology of determining the spactial range of environmental risk assessment of carbon dioxide geological storage[J]. Environmental Engineering,2018(2):27-32.
[16] CAI Bofeng(蔡博峰),GREG L,LIU Lancui(刘兰翠). Geological storage of carbon dioxide and environmental monitoring(二氧化碳地质封存和环境监测)[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2013:36-39.
[17] MA Jinfeng(马劲风),YANG Yang(杨杨),CAI Bofeng(蔡博峰),et al. Environmental monitoring range for different types of CO2sequestration projects and its related issues geologic[J]. Environmental Engineering(环境工程),2018,36(2):10-14.
[18] Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国环境保护部).Technical guideline on environmental risk assessment for carbon dioxide capture,utilization and storage(on trial)(二氧化碳捕集、利用与封存环境风险评估技术指南(试行))[EB/OL].[2016-06-28]. http://www. mee. gov. cn/gkml/hbb/bgt/201606/t20160624 356016. htm.
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