我国地方大数据政策的扩散模式与转移特征研究
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摘要
为揭示我国地方大数据政策的发展趋势与内容关联性,基于政策扩散与政策转移理论,采用内容分析法、社会网络分析方法,探索我国各省市68条地方大数据政策的时空扩散模式与内容转移特征。研究发现:我国地方大数据政策发布与参照的时间扩散模式均符合政策扩散一般规律,时间扩散曲线呈S型;政策参照扩散模式为目前中国常见的"中央—地方扩散"与自上而下层级参照扩散模式;此外,地方大数据政策对重要国家政策内容的继承性较高,不同区域政策内容的创新各具特色。
To reveal the development trend and content relevance of local big data policy in China, based on the theory of policy diffusion and policy transfer, the models of time-space diffusion and the characteristics of content transfer for 68 local big data policies in various provinces and cities in China were explored by using the methods of content analysis and social network analysis. The study finds that the time-spreading model of China local big data policy release and reference is in line with the general law of policy diffusion, and the time-diffusion curve is S-type. The policy reference diffusion models are "central-local diffusion" and "top-down diffusion", which are common in China. In addition, local big data policies have a high inheritance of important national policy content, and policy innovations vary from region to region.
To reveal the development trend and content relevance of local big data policy in China, based on the theory of policy diffusion and policy transfer, the models of time-space diffusion and the characteristics of content transfer for 68 local big data policies in various provinces and cities in China were explored by using the methods of content analysis and social network analysis. The study finds that the time-spreading model of China local big data policy release and reference is in line with the general law of policy diffusion, and the time-diffusion curve is S-type. The policy reference diffusion models are "central-local diffusion" and "top-down diffusion", which are common in China. In addition, local big data policies have a high inheritance of important national policy content, and policy innovations vary from region to region.
引文
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[17]裴雷,张奇萍,李向举,等.中国信息化政策扩散中的政策主题跟踪研究[J].图书与情报,2016(6):63-71.PEI L, ZHANG Q P, LI X J, et al. A statistical analysis of topic tracking in informatization policy diffusion inChina[J]. Library and Information,2016(6):63-71.
[18]周京艳,张惠娜,黄裕荣,等.政策工具视角下我国大数据政策的文本量化分析[J].情报探索,2016(12):7-10, 16.ZHOU J Y, ZHANG H N, HUANG Y R, et al.Policy tool-based textual quantitative analysis on big data policy in China[J]. InformationResearch, 2016(12):7-10, 16.
[19]张会平,郭宁,汤玺揩.推进逻辑与未来进路:我国政务大数据政策的文本分析[J].情报杂志,2018, 37(3):152-157, 192.ZHANG H P, GUO N, TANG X K. Promoting logic and future directions:a textual analysis of China's government big data policy[J]. Journal of Intelligence, 2018, 37(3):152-157, 192.
[2]施茜,裴雷,李向举,等.信息化政策理论与实践的交互扩散研究——以江浙信息化政策样本为例[J].情报学报,2016, 35(10):1081-1089.SHI Q, PEI L, LI X J, et al. Research on interdiffusions between informatization theory and Jiangsu-Zhejiang issued relative policies[J].Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information, 2016, 35(10):1081-1089.
[3]WALKER R M. Innovation type and diffusion:an empirical analysis of local government[J].Public Administration, 2010, 84(2):311-335.
[4]LUCAS A. Public policy diffusion research:integrating analytic paradigms[J]. Knowledge,1983, 4(3):379-408.
[5]BROWN L A, COX K R. Empirical regularities in the diffusion of innovation[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1971,61(3):551-559.
[6]BERRY F S. Sizing up state policy innovation research[J]. Policy Stadies Journal, 1994, 22(3):56-442.
[7]王洪涛,魏淑艳.地方政府信息公开制度时空演进机理及启示——基于政策扩散视角[J].东北大学学报(社会科学版),2015, 17(6):600-605, 612.WANG H T, WEI S Y. Temporal and spatial evolution mechanisms in local government information transparency system and their implications based on the theory of policy diffusion[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Social Science), 2015, 17(6):600-605, 612.
[8]陈芳.政策扩散、政策转移和政策趋同——基于概念、类型与发生机制的比较[J].厦门大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013(6):8-16.CHEN F. Policy diffusion, policy transfer and policy convergence:a comparison based on conception, approach and mechanism[J]. Journal of Xiamen University(Arts&Social Sciences),2013(6):8-16.
[9]王浦劬,赖先进.中国公共政策扩散的模式与机制分析[J].北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013, 50(6):14-23.WANG P Q, LAI X J. A study on the model and mechanism of public policy diffusion in China[J]. Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), 2013, 50(6):14-23.
[10]杨静文.我国政务中心制度创新扩散实证分析[J].中国行政管理,2006(6):41-44.YANG J W. A demonstration analysis on innovation pervasion of the governmental affairscenter system in China[J]. Chinese Public Administration, 2006(6):41-44.
[11]张玮.政策创新的地理扩散——基于暂住证制度的地方实践分析[J].南方人口,2011, 26(1):57-64.ZHANG W. Geographical proliferation of policy innovation:an empirical analysis of the temporary resident certificate policy[J].South China Population, 2011, 26(1):57-64.
[12]DOLOWITZ D, MARSH D. Who learns what from whom:a review of the policy transfer literature[J]. Political Studies, 1996, 44(2):34-3-357.
[13]DOLOWITZ D, MARSH D. Learning from abroad:the role of policy transfer in contemporary policy-making[J]. Governance,2000, 13(1):5-23.
[14]魏淑艳.新中国建国初期经济领域的政策转移研究[J].学习与探索,2009(3):66-69.WEI S Y. Researches in displace of policy in economic field in early days of establishment of new China[J]. Study&Exploration, 2009(3):66-69.
[15]牛红亮,杨九龙.中美日信息政策比较研究[J].图书馆工作与研究,2007(5):11-14.NIU H L, YANG J L. Compared study on the information policy between China and American and Japan[J]. Library Work and Study, 2007(5):11-14.
[16]程瑨,冯锋,李庆.国家自主创新示范区科技政策研究——基于科技人才政策转移视角[J].中国高校科技,2017(9):74-76.CHENG J, FENG F, LI Q. Research on science and technology policy of national independent innovation demonstration zonebased on the perspective of science and technology talent policy transfer[J]. Chinese University Science&Technology, 2017(9):74-76.
[17]裴雷,张奇萍,李向举,等.中国信息化政策扩散中的政策主题跟踪研究[J].图书与情报,2016(6):63-71.PEI L, ZHANG Q P, LI X J, et al. A statistical analysis of topic tracking in informatization policy diffusion inChina[J]. Library and Information,2016(6):63-71.
[18]周京艳,张惠娜,黄裕荣,等.政策工具视角下我国大数据政策的文本量化分析[J].情报探索,2016(12):7-10, 16.ZHOU J Y, ZHANG H N, HUANG Y R, et al.Policy tool-based textual quantitative analysis on big data policy in China[J]. InformationResearch, 2016(12):7-10, 16.
[19]张会平,郭宁,汤玺揩.推进逻辑与未来进路:我国政务大数据政策的文本分析[J].情报杂志,2018, 37(3):152-157, 192.ZHANG H P, GUO N, TANG X K. Promoting logic and future directions:a textual analysis of China's government big data policy[J]. Journal of Intelligence, 2018, 37(3):152-157, 192.