闽北山地不同森林可燃物的含水率及持水性能比较
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摘要
对闽北山区7种主要森林类型中的活可燃物含水率和枯落物持水能力进行了研究,结果表明:杉木和木荷的鲜叶和鲜枝同时具有较高的最大含水率,而不同树种枯落物的最大持水率相差不大,以油茶林最高,毛竹林最小。不同树种鲜叶失水最快的是丹桂;其次为毛竹和青冈;失水最慢的为油茶和木荷。鲜枝失水最快的为毛竹;其次为油茶和青冈;失水最慢的为杉木和木荷。林下植被失水最快的是油茶林、马尾松林和毛竹林;杉木林和青冈林失水较慢。枯落物失水最快的是青冈林和杉木林;最低为油茶林和马尾松林。
The water content of active combustible plants and the water holding capacity of litter in seven major forest types in northern Fujian Province were studied.Result shows that fresh leaves and fresh branches of Cunninghamia lanceolata & Schima superba have high maximum water content.The maximum water holding capacity of different tree litter is not much different,with Camellia oleifera being the highest,Phyllostachys heterocycla being the minimum.Among different trees,water-loss of fresh leaves for Osmanthus fragrans is the fastest,followed by Phyllostachys heterocycla and Cyclobalanopsis glauca,water-loss for Camellia oleifera &Schima superba are the slowest;fresh branches of the fastest water-loss is Phyllostachys heterocycla,followed by Camelliaand Cyclobalanopsis glauca,and the water-loss of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Schima superba are the slowest;among vegetation under the crown,water-loss of Camellia oleifera,Pinus massoniana and Phyllostachys pubescens are the fastest;water-loss of Cunninghamia lanceolata& Cyclobalanopsis glauca are slow;for litter,water-loss of Cyclobalanopsis glauca&Cunninghamia lanceolata are the fastest;Camellia oleifera & Pinus massoniana forest are the lowest.
The water content of active combustible plants and the water holding capacity of litter in seven major forest types in northern Fujian Province were studied.Result shows that fresh leaves and fresh branches of Cunninghamia lanceolata & Schima superba have high maximum water content.The maximum water holding capacity of different tree litter is not much different,with Camellia oleifera being the highest,Phyllostachys heterocycla being the minimum.Among different trees,water-loss of fresh leaves for Osmanthus fragrans is the fastest,followed by Phyllostachys heterocycla and Cyclobalanopsis glauca,water-loss for Camellia oleifera &Schima superba are the slowest;fresh branches of the fastest water-loss is Phyllostachys heterocycla,followed by Camelliaand Cyclobalanopsis glauca,and the water-loss of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Schima superba are the slowest;among vegetation under the crown,water-loss of Camellia oleifera,Pinus massoniana and Phyllostachys pubescens are the fastest;water-loss of Cunninghamia lanceolata& Cyclobalanopsis glauca are slow;for litter,water-loss of Cyclobalanopsis glauca&Cunninghamia lanceolata are the fastest;Camellia oleifera & Pinus massoniana forest are the lowest.
引文
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[4]骆介禹,陈英海.森林可燃物的燃烧性与化学组成[J].东北林业大学学报,1992(6):35-42
[5]解国磊,丁新景,马风云,等.鲁中山区主要森林类型易燃可燃物垂直分布及其燃烧性[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(1):158-163
[6]胡海清.大兴安岭主要森林可燃物理化性质测定与分析[J].森林防火,1995(1):27-31
[7]田晓瑞,王明玉,殷丽,等.大兴安岭南部春季火行为特征及可燃物消耗[J].林业科学,2009,45(3):90-95
[8]李明泽,谢雨,邸雪颖,等.大兴安岭林区地表可燃物载量遥感估测模型[J].东北林业大学学报,2014(5):60-63
[9]田晓瑞,戴兴安,王明玉,等.北京市森林可燃物分类研究[J].林业科学,2006,42(11):76-80
[10]王秋华,肖慧娟,刘文国,等.昆明西山森林公园主要林型地表可燃物的潜在燃烧性[J].福建林业科技,2014(1):40-44
[11]李旭,王秋华,李世友,等.昆明西山森林公园地表可燃物类型划分与载量研究[J].林业调查规划,2013,38(2):50-54
[12]王秋华,吴从起,陶汝坤,等.昆明西山国家森林公园主要林型地表可燃物的特征[J].林业资源管理,2012(5):69-73
[13]高成德,田晓瑞,舒立福,等.重庆铁山坪森林可燃物类型划分及其燃烧性[J].森林防火,2005(2):29-30
[14]靳全锋,王文辉,马祥庆,等.福建省2000—2010年林火排放污染物时空动态变化[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(2):476-485
[15]陈勇,杜建华.福建省夜间森林火灾的特点及扑救对策[J].森林防火,2015(3):24-26
[16]江津凡,万福绪.防火林带不同树种枝叶持水率研究[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2011,35(5):151-154