井下离心增压器流量突减过程瞬态数值模拟
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摘要
井下环境复杂多变,机器人运送工具时易遇卡,导致机器人出现瞬时工作突变。为研究遇卡时流量突变对离心增压器外部瞬态特性和内部流动机理的影响规律,对离心增压器在不同流量递减规律下的特性进行数值模拟。模拟结果表明:扬程瞬态增量和流量变化率成正比;叶轮功率变化趋势和流量变化趋势相同;瞬态过程中的扬程驼峰和流量变化规律有关,合理的流量变化规律可以消除瞬态过程中的扬程驼峰及驼峰对内流场的影响;监测反导叶导流器单流道内9个点的总压变化,流量变化率增大前,反导叶叶片工作面进口处总压最大,叶片背面出口处总压最小,流量变化率增大前、后总压变化规律不同;分析反导叶导流器中间截面的流场演化图,流量减小或流量变化率增大,瞬态流动结构更加紊乱,流量越小,瞬态流场演化滞后于准稳态流场的现象越明显。研究结果对于推动水平井技术的发展具有一定的促进作用。
The complex and changeable downhole environment makes the robot conveying tool is easy to stuck,leading to the instantaneous work abrupt change of robot. In order to study the influence of flow abrupt change on the external transient characteristics and internal flow mechanism of the centrifugal supercharging device,the characteristics of the centrifugal supercharging device under different flow decreasing rules were numerically simulated. The simulation results show that the transient increase of the hydraulic head is proportional to the rate of flow change. The impeller power and the flow have the same trend. The hydraulic head peak in transient process is related to the transient flow change proved by using a model with small head peak. Proper flow change can eliminate the hydraulic peak and its influence on the internal flow field in the transient process. By monitoring the total pressure change of 9 points in the single channel of the diffuser,before the increase of flow change rate,the maximum total pressure occurs at the inlet of the blade working face,the minimum total pressure occurs at the outlet of the blade back face. The total pressure change rule varies before and after the increase of the flow rate. By analyzing the flow field evolution of the middle section of the diffuser,the flow rate decrease or the flow rate change increase makes the transient flow structure more chaotic. The smaller the flow rate,the more obvious of the transient flow field evolution lags behind quasi-steady state flow field. The study results could promote the development of horizontal well technology.
The complex and changeable downhole environment makes the robot conveying tool is easy to stuck,leading to the instantaneous work abrupt change of robot. In order to study the influence of flow abrupt change on the external transient characteristics and internal flow mechanism of the centrifugal supercharging device,the characteristics of the centrifugal supercharging device under different flow decreasing rules were numerically simulated. The simulation results show that the transient increase of the hydraulic head is proportional to the rate of flow change. The impeller power and the flow have the same trend. The hydraulic head peak in transient process is related to the transient flow change proved by using a model with small head peak. Proper flow change can eliminate the hydraulic peak and its influence on the internal flow field in the transient process. By monitoring the total pressure change of 9 points in the single channel of the diffuser,before the increase of flow change rate,the maximum total pressure occurs at the inlet of the blade working face,the minimum total pressure occurs at the outlet of the blade back face. The total pressure change rule varies before and after the increase of the flow rate. By analyzing the flow field evolution of the middle section of the diffuser,the flow rate decrease or the flow rate change increase makes the transient flow structure more chaotic. The smaller the flow rate,the more obvious of the transient flow field evolution lags behind quasi-steady state flow field. The study results could promote the development of horizontal well technology.
引文
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[2]董文辉,马世彪,施宇峰.浅析水平井生产测井的技术分析[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2012,33(11):127.
[3]刘明尧,许德宇,谭跃刚,等.水平井牵引机器人越障机构分析[J].石油机械,2010,38(7):82-85.
[4]徐刚,牛志刚.轮履复合式煤矿井下环境探测机器人的结构设计及运动特性分析[J].煤矿机械,2011,32(3):39-41.
[5]高进伟,刘猛,李海凤.水平井井下自适应爬行器的研制[J].石油机械,2005,33(增刊1):100-104.
[6]刘明.喷水驱动小管道机器人驱动系统设计及实验研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2015.
[7]TSUKAMOTO H,OHASHI H.Transient characteristics of a centrifugal pump during starting period[J].ASME Journal of Fluid Engineering,1982,104(1):6-13.
[8]TANAKA T,TSUKAMOTO H.Transient behavior of a cavit-ating centrifugal pump at rapid change in operating conditions—Part 1:Transient phenomena at opening/closure of discharge valve[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,1999,121(4):841-849.
[9]武鹏,吴大转,李志峰,等.离心泵流量突增过程瞬态流动研究[J].工程热物理学报,2010,31(3):419-422.
[10]张玉良,肖俊建,崔宝玲,等.离心泵快速变工况瞬态过程特性模拟[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(11):68-75.
[11]刘厚林,周孝华,王凯,等.多级离心泵径向导叶内压力的脉动特性[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(9):3295-3300.
[12]周卫东.离心式井底增压系统设计与数值模拟研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2008.