2013-2018年广州市穗北水厂水质监测结果分析
|
摘要
目的了解广州市穗北水厂生活饮用水的水质卫生状况,为水源水的综合治理、水厂改进水处理工艺以及饮用水水质管理措施等提供科学依据。方法参照《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)检测广州市穗北水厂2013-2018年水源水、出厂水和管网末梢水中指标水平,检测样品数分别为24、24和21宗,检测指标数分别为672项、1 264项和837项。结果 2013-2018年水源水、出厂水和管网末梢水的检测项目合格率分别为91. 5%(615/672)、100. 0%(1 264/1264)和100. 0%(837/837);水源水枯水期和丰水期的项目合格率为92. 6%(311/336)和90. 5%(304/336),差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0. 293,P=0. 588);水源水主要不合格的项目为耐热大肠菌群、氨氮、铁、锰和汞;出厂水(1. 36±0. 39 mg/L)和管网末梢水(1. 22±0. 36 mg/L)中耗氧量水平低于水源水(2. 24±0. 73 mg/L),出厂水中的氯化物(13. 50 mg/L vs 8. 93 mg/L)、硝酸盐(1. 99±0. 75 mg/L vs 1. 45±0. 60 mg/L)和硫酸盐(21. 15±5. 21 mg/L vs 9. 45±2. 87 mg/L)水平高于水源水,管网末梢水中游离余氯含量低于出厂水(0. 25 mg/L vs 0. 61 mg/L)。结论广州市穗北水厂水质卫生状况较好,应加强对水源水的综合治理,水厂应根据水源水、出厂水的实时监测数据及时调整饮用水处理工艺,同时,需要加强输配管道建设以及养护管理。
Objective To analyze the drinking water quality of Suibei water plant,and to provide scientific evidence for the comprehensive treatment of source water,so as to improve water treatment processes and measures for the management of water quality.Methods The indicators were tested according to the Standard Examination for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750-2006).The numbers of the tested samples were 24,24 and 21,respectively.And the detection index numbers were 672,1 264 and 837,respectively.Results The qualified rates of source water,factory water and pipe network peripheral water were 91.52%(615/672),100%(1 264/1 264)and 100%(837/837),respectively.The qualified rates of source water in the dry season and wet season were 92.56%(311/336)and 90.48%(304/336)(P=0.588).The main indicators of disqualification were Thermotolerant Coliform Bacteria,Ammonia Nitrogen,Iron,Manganese,Mercury and so on.The levels of Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD)in factory water(1.36±0.39 mg/L)and pipe network peripheral water(1.22±0.36 mg/L)were lower than that of source water(2.24±0.73 mg/L).The levels of chloride,nitrate and sulfate in factory water were higher than that of the source water.And the residual chlorine in pipe network peripheral water was lower than factory water.Conclusion The water quality of this water plant is good.The relevant departments should strengthen comprehensive treatment to the water source.The plant should timely adjust water treatment process according to the real-time monitoring data,and it is necessary to strengthen pipeline construction and maintenance management.
Objective To analyze the drinking water quality of Suibei water plant,and to provide scientific evidence for the comprehensive treatment of source water,so as to improve water treatment processes and measures for the management of water quality.Methods The indicators were tested according to the Standard Examination for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750-2006).The numbers of the tested samples were 24,24 and 21,respectively.And the detection index numbers were 672,1 264 and 837,respectively.Results The qualified rates of source water,factory water and pipe network peripheral water were 91.52%(615/672),100%(1 264/1 264)and 100%(837/837),respectively.The qualified rates of source water in the dry season and wet season were 92.56%(311/336)and 90.48%(304/336)(P=0.588).The main indicators of disqualification were Thermotolerant Coliform Bacteria,Ammonia Nitrogen,Iron,Manganese,Mercury and so on.The levels of Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD)in factory water(1.36±0.39 mg/L)and pipe network peripheral water(1.22±0.36 mg/L)were lower than that of source water(2.24±0.73 mg/L).The levels of chloride,nitrate and sulfate in factory water were higher than that of the source water.And the residual chlorine in pipe network peripheral water was lower than factory water.Conclusion The water quality of this water plant is good.The relevant departments should strengthen comprehensive treatment to the water source.The plant should timely adjust water treatment process according to the real-time monitoring data,and it is necessary to strengthen pipeline construction and maintenance management.
引文
[1] 郁晞,高红梅,彭丽霞,等.2005-2009年上海市青浦区饮用水水质变化趋势分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2011,1(5):14-18.
[2] 中华人民共和国卫生部中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 5750-2006 生活饮用水标准检验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[3] 国家环境保护总局国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB 3838-2002 地表水环境质量标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[4] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GB 5749-2006 生活饮用水卫生标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[5] 王德东,钟嶷,黄仁德,等.2013-2015年广州市水源水中耐热大肠菌群分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2016,6(5):380-382.
[6] 潘新明.332份农村饮用井水总大肠菌群和耐热大肠菌群污染状况分析[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2009,15(6):60-61.
[7] 王慧,孙中兴,胡军妹,等.上海市松江区2006-2008年出厂水耗氧量监测结果[J].上海预防医学,2010,22(1):8-10.
[8] 张岚.2006年全国生活饮用水卫生安全情况调查和分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2007,24(8):595-597.
[9] 费娟,郑浩,于洋,等.2015年江苏省城市生活饮用水水质现状调查[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(11):2093-2096.
[10] 何淑珍,赵生虎,吴晶.2009-2012年某市部分农村生活饮用水水质监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(23):4400-4402.
[11] 韩世丽,李翠友,麦晓敏,等.生活饮用水传统处理工艺对水源水中氟化物等含量的影响[J].中国当代医药,2014,21(3):129-133.
[12] 宋爱菊.《生活饮用水卫生标准》常规指标设置探讨——一起二次供水污染事件处置的思考[J].现代预防医学,2011,38(7):1326-1327.
[13] 毕华,钟嶷,杨书,等.广州市2012年城市饮用水水质卫生状况分析[J].成都医学院学报,2013,8(6):731-734.
[14] 陈楚天,钟嶷,王德东,等.2014-2016年广州市管网末梢水和二次供水水质卫生状况调查[J].华南预防医学,2017,43(3):296-298.
[15] 张桂华,杨林飞,陈媚,等.2014-2015年株洲市生活饮用水检测结果分析[J].河南预防医学杂志,2016,27(11):867-869,878.
[16] 周国宏,余淑苑,彭朝琼,等.2007-2008年深圳市管网末梢水水质分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2010,11(9):950-951.
[17] 杨轶戬,钟嶷,刘世强,等.广州市1996-2005年管网末梢水卫生状况及对策分析[J].热带医学杂志,2008,8(9):974-976.
[2] 中华人民共和国卫生部中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 5750-2006 生活饮用水标准检验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[3] 国家环境保护总局国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB 3838-2002 地表水环境质量标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[4] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GB 5749-2006 生活饮用水卫生标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[5] 王德东,钟嶷,黄仁德,等.2013-2015年广州市水源水中耐热大肠菌群分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2016,6(5):380-382.
[6] 潘新明.332份农村饮用井水总大肠菌群和耐热大肠菌群污染状况分析[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2009,15(6):60-61.
[7] 王慧,孙中兴,胡军妹,等.上海市松江区2006-2008年出厂水耗氧量监测结果[J].上海预防医学,2010,22(1):8-10.
[8] 张岚.2006年全国生活饮用水卫生安全情况调查和分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2007,24(8):595-597.
[9] 费娟,郑浩,于洋,等.2015年江苏省城市生活饮用水水质现状调查[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(11):2093-2096.
[10] 何淑珍,赵生虎,吴晶.2009-2012年某市部分农村生活饮用水水质监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(23):4400-4402.
[11] 韩世丽,李翠友,麦晓敏,等.生活饮用水传统处理工艺对水源水中氟化物等含量的影响[J].中国当代医药,2014,21(3):129-133.
[12] 宋爱菊.《生活饮用水卫生标准》常规指标设置探讨——一起二次供水污染事件处置的思考[J].现代预防医学,2011,38(7):1326-1327.
[13] 毕华,钟嶷,杨书,等.广州市2012年城市饮用水水质卫生状况分析[J].成都医学院学报,2013,8(6):731-734.
[14] 陈楚天,钟嶷,王德东,等.2014-2016年广州市管网末梢水和二次供水水质卫生状况调查[J].华南预防医学,2017,43(3):296-298.
[15] 张桂华,杨林飞,陈媚,等.2014-2015年株洲市生活饮用水检测结果分析[J].河南预防医学杂志,2016,27(11):867-869,878.
[16] 周国宏,余淑苑,彭朝琼,等.2007-2008年深圳市管网末梢水水质分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2010,11(9):950-951.
[17] 杨轶戬,钟嶷,刘世强,等.广州市1996-2005年管网末梢水卫生状况及对策分析[J].热带医学杂志,2008,8(9):974-976.