珠江口表层沉积物有机碳不同浸提组分的空间分布特征
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摘要
活性有机碳是海洋沉积物有机碳的重要组成部分,研究河口区沉积物不同浸提组分的活性有机碳对于认知近海活性有机碳的迁移转化过程具有重要意义,可为全球碳循环研究提供基础。本文于2013年7月采集珠江口表层沉积物样品,通过盐提取(SEC)、水提取(WEC)、氯仿熏蒸提取(MBC)和酸提取(AHC)等方法测定其活性有机碳,研究其分布规律及相互关系。结果表明:(1)珠江口表层沉积物SEC、WEC、MBC和AHC的平均含量分别为(768.0±23.5)×10~(-6)、(688.1±31.2)×10~(-6)、(963.2±26.4)×10~(-6)和(3040.7±18.2)×10~(-6);(2)沉积物SEC和AHC含量由西北部向东南部逐渐减少,而MBC含量由口外向西北口内逐渐减少,WEC空间分布则相对均匀;(3)陆源输入的较难降解的活性有机碳主要在西部区域沉积,而微生物活性有机碳量则主要在东南部口外处沉积。总体来看,受人类活动的影响,珠江口沉积物中的活性有机碳含量相对较高,不利于其有机碳的埋藏。
Labile organic carbon(LOC)is a chief component in marine sediment organic carbon.It is important to study different types of sediment LOC in estuaries for better understanding of its offshore migration and transformation process.The sediment LOC could provide a basis information for the research of global carbon cycle.In this study,we investigated the distribution patterns of the salt extractable carbon(SEC),water extractable carbon(WEC),chloroform fumigation extractable carbon(MBC) and acid hydrolysable carbon(AHC)in the surface sediment in Pearl River Estuary(PRE).The result showed the average content of SEC,WEC,MBC and AHC were 768.0×10~(-6),688.1×10~(-6),963.2×10~(-6) and 3040.7×10~(-6) in the PRE,respectively.The content of SEC and AHC decreased gradually from the northwest to the southeast,while the MBC content decreased gradually from the outside of PRE to the northwest region.The distribution of WEC was relatively homogenous.It suggested that the recalcitrant fraction of LOC from land input was mainly deposited in the western region,while MBC was mainly deposited in the southeastern outlets.In PRE,the high anthropogenic LOC content in the sediment would have the negative impact for the burial of organic carbon.
Labile organic carbon(LOC)is a chief component in marine sediment organic carbon.It is important to study different types of sediment LOC in estuaries for better understanding of its offshore migration and transformation process.The sediment LOC could provide a basis information for the research of global carbon cycle.In this study,we investigated the distribution patterns of the salt extractable carbon(SEC),water extractable carbon(WEC),chloroform fumigation extractable carbon(MBC) and acid hydrolysable carbon(AHC)in the surface sediment in Pearl River Estuary(PRE).The result showed the average content of SEC,WEC,MBC and AHC were 768.0×10~(-6),688.1×10~(-6),963.2×10~(-6) and 3040.7×10~(-6) in the PRE,respectively.The content of SEC and AHC decreased gradually from the northwest to the southeast,while the MBC content decreased gradually from the outside of PRE to the northwest region.The distribution of WEC was relatively homogenous.It suggested that the recalcitrant fraction of LOC from land input was mainly deposited in the western region,while MBC was mainly deposited in the southeastern outlets.In PRE,the high anthropogenic LOC content in the sediment would have the negative impact for the burial of organic carbon.
引文
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[15] 林启美,吴玉光.熏蒸法测定土壤微生物量碳的改进[J].生态学杂志,1999,18(2):63-66.
[16] CHENG L,LEAVITT S W,KIMBALL B A,et al.Dynamics of labile and recalcitrant soil carbon pools in a sorghum free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) agroecosystem[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2007,39(9):2250-2263.
[17] HY/T 150-2013,海水中有机碳的测定—非色散红外吸收法[S].
[18] GB/T 30740-2014,海洋沉积物中总有机碳的测定——非色散红外吸收法[S].
[19] GB 17378.5-2007,海洋监测规范第5部分:沉积物分析[S].
[20] 岳维忠,黄小平,孙翠慈.珠江口表层沉积物中氮、磷的形态分布特征及污染评价[J].海洋与湖沼,2007,38(2):111-117.
[21] 陈耀泰.珠江口现代沉积速率与沉积环境[J].中山大学学报:自然科学版,1992,31(2):100-107.
[22] HU L M,GUO Z G,FENG J L,et al.Distributions and sources of bulk organic matter and aliphatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea,China[J].Marine Chemistry,2009,113(3/4):197-211.
[23] 章伟艳,金海燕,张富元,等.长江口—杭州湾及其邻近海域不同粒级沉积有机碳分布特征[J].地球科学进展,2009,24(11):1202-1209.
[24] DOU F,PING C L,GUO L,et al.Estimating the impact of seawater on the production of soil water-extractable organic carbon during coastal erosion[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2008,37(6):2368-2374.
[25] 钱宏林,梁松.珠江口及其邻近海域赤潮的研究[J].海洋环境科学,1999,18(3):69-74.
[26] YANG W,ZHAO H,CHEN X L,et al.Consequences of short-term C4 plant Spartina alterniflora invasions for soil organic carbon dynamics in a coastal wetland of Eastern China[J].Ecological Engineering,2013,61(12):50-57.
[27] TRIPATHI S,KUMARI S,CHAKRABORTY A,et al.Microbial biomass and its activities in salt-affected coastal soils[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2006,42(3):273-277.
[28] 万忠梅,郭岳,郭跃东.土地利用对湿地土壤活性有机碳的影响研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(3):567-570.
[29] 李孟国,李文丹,杨树森,等.港珠澳大桥建设对水沙环境影响数学模型研究—Ⅱ.模型的应用[J].水运工程,2011(10):1-6.
[2] GORDON E S,GO?I M A.Controls on the distribution and accumulation of terrigenous organic matter in sediments from the Mississippi and Atchafalaya river margin[J].Marine Chemistry,2004,92(1/2/3/4):331-352.
[3] DODLA S K,WANG J J,COOK R L.Molecular composition of humic acids from coastal wetland soils along a salinity gradient[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2012,76(5):1592-1605.
[4] HAYNES R J.Labile organic matter fractions as central components of the quality of agricultural soils:an overview[J].Advances in Agronomy,2005,85(4):221-268.
[5] FANG C M,SMITH P,MONCRIEFF J B,et al.Similar response of labile and resistant soil organic matter pools to changes in temperature[J].Nature,2005,433(7021):57-59.
[6] SAID-PULLICINO D,KAISER K,GUGGENBERGER G,et al.Changes in the chemical composition of water-extractable organic matter during composting:Distribution between stable and labile organic matter pools[J].Chemosphere,2007,66(11):2166-2176.
[7] ETTEMA C H,LOWRANCE R,COLEMAN D C.Riparian soil response to surface nitrogen input:temporal changes in denitrification,labile and microbial C and N pools,and bacterial and fungal respiration[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,1999,31(12):1609-1624.
[8] PARTON W J,SCHIMEL D S,COLE C V,et al.Analysis of factors controlling soil organic matter levels in Great Plains Grasslands[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1987,51(5):1173-1179.
[9] SILVEIRA M L,COMERFORD N B,REDDY K R,et al.Characterization of soil organic carbon pools by acid hydrolysis[J].Geoderma,2008,144(1/2):405-414.
[10] DODLA S K,WANG J J,DELAUNE R D.Characterization of labile organic carbon in coastal wetland soils of the Mississippi River deltaic plain:Relationships to carbon functionalities[J].Science of the Total Environment,2012,435/436:151-158.
[11] DELAUNE R D,WHITE J R.Will coastal wetlands continue to sequester carbon in response to an increase in global sea level?:a case study of the rapidly subsiding Mississippi river deltaic plain[J].Climatic Change,2012,110(1/2):297-314.
[12] 张凌,陈繁荣,殷克东,等.珠江口及近海表层沉积有机质的特征和来源[J].热带海洋学报,2010,29(1):98-103.
[13] 林祖亨,梁舜华.珠江口水域的潮流分析[J].海洋通报,1996,15(2):11-12.
[14] BIJAY-SINGH,RYDEN J C,WHITCHEAD D C.Some relationships between denitrification potential and fractions of organic carbon in air-dried and field-moist soils[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,1988,20(5):737-741.
[15] 林启美,吴玉光.熏蒸法测定土壤微生物量碳的改进[J].生态学杂志,1999,18(2):63-66.
[16] CHENG L,LEAVITT S W,KIMBALL B A,et al.Dynamics of labile and recalcitrant soil carbon pools in a sorghum free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) agroecosystem[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2007,39(9):2250-2263.
[17] HY/T 150-2013,海水中有机碳的测定—非色散红外吸收法[S].
[18] GB/T 30740-2014,海洋沉积物中总有机碳的测定——非色散红外吸收法[S].
[19] GB 17378.5-2007,海洋监测规范第5部分:沉积物分析[S].
[20] 岳维忠,黄小平,孙翠慈.珠江口表层沉积物中氮、磷的形态分布特征及污染评价[J].海洋与湖沼,2007,38(2):111-117.
[21] 陈耀泰.珠江口现代沉积速率与沉积环境[J].中山大学学报:自然科学版,1992,31(2):100-107.
[22] HU L M,GUO Z G,FENG J L,et al.Distributions and sources of bulk organic matter and aliphatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea,China[J].Marine Chemistry,2009,113(3/4):197-211.
[23] 章伟艳,金海燕,张富元,等.长江口—杭州湾及其邻近海域不同粒级沉积有机碳分布特征[J].地球科学进展,2009,24(11):1202-1209.
[24] DOU F,PING C L,GUO L,et al.Estimating the impact of seawater on the production of soil water-extractable organic carbon during coastal erosion[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2008,37(6):2368-2374.
[25] 钱宏林,梁松.珠江口及其邻近海域赤潮的研究[J].海洋环境科学,1999,18(3):69-74.
[26] YANG W,ZHAO H,CHEN X L,et al.Consequences of short-term C4 plant Spartina alterniflora invasions for soil organic carbon dynamics in a coastal wetland of Eastern China[J].Ecological Engineering,2013,61(12):50-57.
[27] TRIPATHI S,KUMARI S,CHAKRABORTY A,et al.Microbial biomass and its activities in salt-affected coastal soils[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2006,42(3):273-277.
[28] 万忠梅,郭岳,郭跃东.土地利用对湿地土壤活性有机碳的影响研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(3):567-570.
[29] 李孟国,李文丹,杨树森,等.港珠澳大桥建设对水沙环境影响数学模型研究—Ⅱ.模型的应用[J].水运工程,2011(10):1-6.