宋代温州海外贸易变迁
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摘要
宋代温州作为东南沿海地区重要的港口城市,在对外贸易中发挥着重要作用。尤其在南宋之时,温州农业、手工业和商业的繁荣及海上交通的发达使得温州海外贸易呈现繁荣景象。随后宋政府在温州设置市舶务,系统管理海外贸易。在宋代朝贡体系下,贡赐贸易始终占据温州海外贸易的主导地位。但随着贸易规模的不断扩大和私商群体的崛起,温州海上走私贸易也盛极一时。宋代温州海外贸易的兴盛,既冲击了温州传统的重农抑商观念,又促进了温州人海洋意识的觉醒。
Wenzhou city played an important role in foreign trade in Song Dynasty as a key port city in the southeastern coastal area. Especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, overseas trade in Wenzhou flourished with the prosperity of agriculture, handicrafts and commerce as well as the development of maritime transportation. The government subsequently set up shipping administration in Wenzhou to systematically administer overseas trade. Tributary trade dominated overseas trade of Wenzhou against the tributary policy of Song Dynasty while increasing trade scale and private commerce groups also gave rise to smuggling trade. Flourish of overseas trade in Song Dynasty was a shock to the value of agriculture over trade and gave rise to maritime exploration of Wenzhou people.
Wenzhou city played an important role in foreign trade in Song Dynasty as a key port city in the southeastern coastal area. Especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, overseas trade in Wenzhou flourished with the prosperity of agriculture, handicrafts and commerce as well as the development of maritime transportation. The government subsequently set up shipping administration in Wenzhou to systematically administer overseas trade. Tributary trade dominated overseas trade of Wenzhou against the tributary policy of Song Dynasty while increasing trade scale and private commerce groups also gave rise to smuggling trade. Flourish of overseas trade in Song Dynasty was a shock to the value of agriculture over trade and gave rise to maritime exploration of Wenzhou people.
引文
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[12]潘猛补.南宋乾道二年温州水灾考述-兼与吴松弟先生商榷[J].温州职业技术学院学报,2013(3):15.
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[14]两宋货币史料汇编[G].汪圣铎,编.北京:中华书局,2004:96.
[15]脱脱.宋史:卷一百八十[M].北京:中华书局,2000:2949.
[16]温州历代碑刻集[G]//金柏东,主编.温州文献丛书.上海:上海社会科学院出版社,2002:32.
[17]温州竹枝词[M].叶大兵,缉注.北京:文化艺术出版社,2008:116.
[2]温州古代经济史料汇编[G]//俞光,编.温州文献丛书.上海:上海社会科学院出版社,2005:2.
[3]宋会要辑稿:第7册[M].徐松,辑,刘琳,刁忠民,舒大刚,等点校.上海:上海古籍出版社,2014.
[4]周厚才.温州港史[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1990.
[5]宋会要辑稿:第12册[M].徐松,辑,刘琳,刁忠民,舒大刚,等点校.上海:上海古籍出版社,2014:7139.
[6]王象之.舆地纪胜:第7册[M].李勇先,点校.成都:四川大学出版社,2005:4130.
[7]脱脱.宋史:卷一百八十五[M].北京:中华书局,2000:3041.
[8]罗浚.宝庆四明志[M]//中国方志丛书.台北:成文出版社有限公司,1983:266.
[9]脱脱.宋史:卷一百八十六[M].北京:中华书局,2000.
[10]洪迈.夷坚志·海山异竹:第1册[M].何桌,点校.北京:中华书局,1981:986.
[11]宋会要辑稿:第11册[M].徐松,辑,刘琳,刁忠民,舒大刚,等点校.上海:上海古籍出版社,2014:6376
[12]潘猛补.南宋乾道二年温州水灾考述-兼与吴松弟先生商榷[J].温州职业技术学院学报,2013(3):15.
[13]脱脱.宋史:卷一百六十七[M].北京:中华书局,2000:2661.
[14]两宋货币史料汇编[G].汪圣铎,编.北京:中华书局,2004:96.
[15]脱脱.宋史:卷一百八十[M].北京:中华书局,2000:2949.
[16]温州历代碑刻集[G]//金柏东,主编.温州文献丛书.上海:上海社会科学院出版社,2002:32.
[17]温州竹枝词[M].叶大兵,缉注.北京:文化艺术出版社,2008:116.