东海海岸带生态安全评价及景观优化研究
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摘要
本文以东海区海岸带为例,采用空间主成分分析法,对2015年东海区沿岸县级陆域的生态安全程度进行评价,并运用累积阻力模型,分析东海区海岸带的生态源地、廊道和核心节点,在此基础上提出优化布局思路。结果表明:(1)林地、气候和地貌等自然要素及其质量对区域生态安全性有显著影响,植被覆盖度对生态安全的贡献率占38.8%,是影响生态安全最重要的因子;此外,开发建设程度亦有影响生态安全的效果,此效果略小于自然要素;(2)东海海岸带的生态安全指数在1.61～5.89之间,表明东海区生态环境质量大体趋好,生态安全指数呈现出显著的南北分异和东西分异态势;(3)构建以"四片区、三组团、两廊道、多中心"为核心的东海区海岸带生态景观的优化布局方案,以期为海岸带地区生态安全建设提供参考。
Taking the East China Sea coast as an example, this paper uses the spatial principal component analysis methodto evaluate the ecological safety at the county-level land along the coast in 2015. The cumulative resistance model is used toanalyze the ecological source, corridor and core of the coastal zone of the East China Sea. Based on this, an optimized layout isproposed. The results show that:(1) Natural factors such as forest land, climate and landform and their quality have significantinfluence on regional ecological safty, where the vegetation coverage is the most important factor, contributing to 38%. Thedegree of development and construction also has an effect on ecological safty, which is slightly less than natural factors;(2)The ecological safety index of the East China Sea coastal zone is between 1.61 and 5.89, indicating that the habitat quality inthe East China Sea is generally better, the ecological safty index shows significant north-south differentiation and east-westdifferentiation;(3) The optimized layout of the ecological landscape of the coastal zone in the East China Sea featured by the "Four Zones, Three Groups, Two Corridors and Multi-Centers", providing a reference for the ecological safety construction ofthe coastal zone.
Taking the East China Sea coast as an example, this paper uses the spatial principal component analysis methodto evaluate the ecological safety at the county-level land along the coast in 2015. The cumulative resistance model is used toanalyze the ecological source, corridor and core of the coastal zone of the East China Sea. Based on this, an optimized layout isproposed. The results show that:(1) Natural factors such as forest land, climate and landform and their quality have significantinfluence on regional ecological safty, where the vegetation coverage is the most important factor, contributing to 38%. Thedegree of development and construction also has an effect on ecological safty, which is slightly less than natural factors;(2)The ecological safety index of the East China Sea coastal zone is between 1.61 and 5.89, indicating that the habitat quality inthe East China Sea is generally better, the ecological safty index shows significant north-south differentiation and east-westdifferentiation;(3) The optimized layout of the ecological landscape of the coastal zone in the East China Sea featured by the "Four Zones, Three Groups, Two Corridors and Multi-Centers", providing a reference for the ecological safety construction ofthe coastal zone.
引文
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曲衍波,齐伟,商冉,等,2008.基于GIS的山区县域土地生态安全评价.中国土地科学,22(4):38-44.
王鹏,况福民,邓育武,等,2015.基于主成分分析的衡阳市土地生态安全评价.经济地理,35(1):168-172.
肖凡,陈建国,王正海,2017.钦-杭结合带南段庞西垌地区Ag-Au致矿地球化学异常信息识别与提取.岩石学报,33(3):779-790.
于伯华,吕昌河,2011.青藏高原高寒区生态脆弱性评价.地理研究,30(12):2289-2295.
周彬,钟林生,陈田,等,2015.浙江省旅游生态安全的时空格局及障碍因子.地理科学,35(5):599-607.
Hallett C S,Valesini F J,Robert Clarke K,et al,2012.Development and validation of fish-based,multimetric indices for assessing the ecological health of Western Australian estuaries.Estuarive.Coastal and Shelf Science.104-105:102-113.
Oliveira P J,Asner G P,Knapp D E,et al,2007.Land-use allocation protects the Peruvian Amazon.Science,317(5842):1233.
陈阳,岳文泽,张亮,2018.空间约束背景下海岸带湿地保护边界研究.生态学报,38(3):900-908.
方广玲,香宝,王宝良,等,2014.苏南经济快速发展地区人类活动生态风险评价---以镇江市丹徒区为例.应用生态学报,25(4):1076-1084.
胡和兵,刘红玉,郝敬锋,等,2011.流域景观结构的城市化影响与生态风险评价.生态学报,31(12):3 432-3 440.
吉力力·阿不都外力,木巴热克·阿尤普,2008.基于生态足迹的中亚区域生态安全评价.地理研究,27(6):1308-1320.
刘斌涛,陶和平,刘邵权,等,2012.自然灾害胁迫下区域生态脆弱性动态---以四川省清平乡为例.应用生态学报,1(1):193-198.
李伟芳,陈阳,马仁锋,等,2016.发展潜力视角的海岸带土地利用模式.地理研究,35(6):1061-1073.
路文海,曾荣,向先全,2013.沿海地区海洋生态健康评价研究.海洋通报,32(5):580-585.
马骏,李昌晓,魏虹,等,2015.三峡库区生态脆弱性评价.生态学报,35(21):7117-7129.
穆少杰,李建龙,陈奕兆,等,2012.2001-2010年内蒙古覆盖度时空变化特征.地理学报,67(9):1255-1268.
潘竟虎,刘晓,2015.基于空间主成分和最小累积阻力模型的内陆河景观生态安全评价与格局优化.应用生态学报,26(10):3126-3313.
曲衍波,齐伟,商冉,等,2008.基于GIS的山区县域土地生态安全评价.中国土地科学,22(4):38-44.
王鹏,况福民,邓育武,等,2015.基于主成分分析的衡阳市土地生态安全评价.经济地理,35(1):168-172.
肖凡,陈建国,王正海,2017.钦-杭结合带南段庞西垌地区Ag-Au致矿地球化学异常信息识别与提取.岩石学报,33(3):779-790.
于伯华,吕昌河,2011.青藏高原高寒区生态脆弱性评价.地理研究,30(12):2289-2295.
周彬,钟林生,陈田,等,2015.浙江省旅游生态安全的时空格局及障碍因子.地理科学,35(5):599-607.