下喷式环流反应器环隙气含率影响因素
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摘要
下喷式环流反应器是一种用于强化气-液两相反应过程的新型装置,虽然已在工业上有了较广泛的应用,但对其理论研究远未成熟,其工业装置的设计仍依赖于实验和经验。本文借助实验室自制实验装置,对下喷式环流反应器环隙气含率的影响规律进行了研究。首先,对喷射器的吸气量进行了测量,获得了不同条件下喷射器最大吸气量的性能曲线;在此基础上,分别研究了气相流量、液相流量以及喷射器安装位置对环隙气含率的影响规律。结果表明:气相流量和液相流量对气含率具有重要的影响,随着气相流量和液相流量的增大,气含率快速提高,而喷嘴位置对气含率的影响相对较小;考虑到增加气相流量和液相流量所需要的能耗和设备代价,通过增加液相流量来达到提高气含率的目的是优选方案。
Reversed flow jet loop reactor is a new equipment for strengthening the gas-liquid two-phase reaction process. Although it has been widely used in the industry, its theoretical research is far from mature, and the design of its industrial device still depends on experiment and experience. In this paper,the influential law of annular gas holdup in reversed flow jet loop reactor was studied by a self-made experimental equipment. First, inspiratory volume of ejector was measured, and the performance curve of the maximum inspiratory volume of ejector was obtained under different conditions. On this basis, the influence of gas flow rate, liquid flow rate, and ejector installation position on annular gas holdup was studied. Results show that gas flow rate and liquid flow rate had significant effect on gas holdup. Gas holdup was rapidly enhanced with the increasing of gas flow rate and liquid flow rate. While the influence of nozzle position on the gas holdup was relatively small. Considering the energy consumption and equipment cost of increasing gas phase flow and liquid flow rate, the preferred scheme is achieved by increasing the liquid flow rate.
Reversed flow jet loop reactor is a new equipment for strengthening the gas-liquid two-phase reaction process. Although it has been widely used in the industry, its theoretical research is far from mature, and the design of its industrial device still depends on experiment and experience. In this paper,the influential law of annular gas holdup in reversed flow jet loop reactor was studied by a self-made experimental equipment. First, inspiratory volume of ejector was measured, and the performance curve of the maximum inspiratory volume of ejector was obtained under different conditions. On this basis, the influence of gas flow rate, liquid flow rate, and ejector installation position on annular gas holdup was studied. Results show that gas flow rate and liquid flow rate had significant effect on gas holdup. Gas holdup was rapidly enhanced with the increasing of gas flow rate and liquid flow rate. While the influence of nozzle position on the gas holdup was relatively small. Considering the energy consumption and equipment cost of increasing gas phase flow and liquid flow rate, the preferred scheme is achieved by increasing the liquid flow rate.
引文
[1]丁富新,李飞,袁乃驹.环流反应器的发展和应用[J].石油化工,2004(9):801-807.DING Fuxin,LI Fei,YUAN Naiju. Application and development of airlift loop reactor[J]. Petrochemical Technology,2004(9):801-807.
[2] HENZLER H J. Design of ejectors for single-phase material systems[J]. Ger. Chem. Eng.,1982,54(1):8-16.
[3] WARNECKE H J. Macromixing characteristics of gas-liquid jet loop reactors[J]. Acta Biotechnol,1989,9(2):111-121.
[4] WARNECKE H J, GEISEND?RFER M, HEMPEL D C. Mass transfer behaviour of gas-liquid jet loop reactors[J]. Chem. Eng.Technol.,1988,11(1):306-311.
[5] JANSSEN M, TRAMPER J, MUR L R, et al. Enclosed outdoor photobioreactors:light regime, photosynthetic efficiency, scale-up,and future prospects[J]. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 2003, 81(2):193-210.
[6] HEIJNEN S J, MULDER A, WELTEVREDE R, et al. Large-scale anaerobic/aerobic treatment of complex industrial wastewater using immobilized biomass in fluidized bed and air-lift suspension reactors[J]. Chem. Eng. Technol., 1990, 13(1):202-208.
[7] SOARE A, AKERVELD R, VAN ROYEN J, et al. Minimization of attrition and breakage in an airlift crystallizer[J]. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,2012, 51(33):10895-10909.
[8]杨高东,刘小鹃,吴平铿,等.喷射环流反应器应用研究进展[J].化工进展, 2011, 30(9):1878-1883.YANG Gaodong, LIU Xiaojuan, WU Pingkeng, et al. Research progress of application of jet-loop-reactor[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2011, 30(9):1878-1883.
[9] BYUNGIOON P, GEELSU H, SEUNGIOO H, et al. Absorption of a volatile organic compound by a jet loop reactor with circulation of a surfactant solution:performance evaluation[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008, 15(3):735-741.
[10] ROTAVERA B, DIéVART P, TOGBéC, et al. Oxidation kinetics of nnonane:measurements and modeling of ignition delay times and product concentrations[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute,2011, 33(1):175-183.
[11] DAYMA G, SARATHY S M, TOGBéC, et al. Experimental and kinetic modeling of methyl octanoate oxidation in an opposed-flow diffusion flame and a jet-stirred reactor[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2011, 33(1):1037-1043.
[12] DAGAUT P, SARATHY S M, THOMSON M J. A chemical kinetic study of n-butanol oxidation at elevated pressure in a jet stirred reactor[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2009, 32(1):229-237.
[13]张文晖,李鑫钢.气升式内环流反应器内局部气含率径向分布[J].化工学报, 2010, 61(5):1118-1122.ZHANG Wenhui, LI Xingang. Local gas holdup profiles in an internalloop airlift reactor[J]. CIESC Journal, 2010, 61(5):1118-1122.
[14]王剑,薄守石,白飞,等.鼓泡床与环流反应器流动特性的比较[J].石油炼制与化工, 2014, 45(12):17-22.WANG Jian, BO Shoushi, BAI Fei, et al. Comparison of hydrodynamic characteristics in bubble column and airlift loop reactors[J]. Petroleum Processing and Spetrochemical, 2014, 45(12):17-22.
[15]杨海光,范轶,李飞,等.气升式环流反应器在不同体系下的循环液速和局部气含率[J].高校化学工程学报, 2003(1):37-41.YANG Haiguang, FAN Yi, LI Fei, et al. Circulating fluid velocity and local gas holdup of airlift loop reactor under different systems[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities, 2003(1):37-41.
[16]吴肖群,费黎明,汪叔雄,等.环隙气提式环流反应器中的气含率和液相循环流动[J].化工学报, 1989(3):285-292.WU Xiaoqun, FEI Liming, WANG Shuxiong, et al. Gas hold-up and liquid circulation in gas-lift loop reactor with annular bubbling[J].CIESC Journal, 1989(3):285-292.
[17]李志敏,刘永民,谢嫘祖,等.旋流气升式环流反应器的气含率轴向分布[J].化工进展, 2015, 34(7):1826-1831.LI Zhimin, LIU Yongmin, XIE Leizu, et al. Axial gas holdups of riser in helical-folw airlift loop reactors[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2015, 34(7):1826-1831.
[18]李宝璋,尚龙安,姜信真,等.下喷式环流反应器气含率研究[J].化工学报, 1991(2):147-154.LI Baozhang, SHANG Longan, JIANG Xinzhen, et al. The gas hold-up of downflow liquid jet loop reactor[J]. CIESC Journal, 1991(2):147-154.
[19] MATSUURA A, FAN L S. Distribution of bubble properties in a gasliquid-solid fluidized bed[J]. AIChE J., 1984, 30(6):894-903.
[20]林松,李良超,王嘉骏,等.鼓泡塔中气泡尺寸分布和局部气含率研究[J].化学工程, 2008(2):21-24.LIN Song, LI Liangchao, WANG Jiajun, et al. Study on bubble size distribution and local gas holdup in bubble column[J]. Chemical Engineering, 2008(2):21-24.
[21] TANG Chengzhi, HEINDEL THEODORE J. Estimating gas holdup via pressure difference measurements in a concurrent bubble column[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2006, 32(7):850-863.
[22]索科洛夫,等.喷射器[M].黄秋云,译.北京:科学出版社, 1977.СОКОЛОВ, et al. Ejector[M]. HUANG Qiuyun, trans. Beijing:Science Press, 1977.
[23] BUWA V V, RANADE V V. Mixing in bubble column reactors role of unsteady flow structures[J]. Can. J. Chem. Eng., 2003, 81(4):402-411.
[2] HENZLER H J. Design of ejectors for single-phase material systems[J]. Ger. Chem. Eng.,1982,54(1):8-16.
[3] WARNECKE H J. Macromixing characteristics of gas-liquid jet loop reactors[J]. Acta Biotechnol,1989,9(2):111-121.
[4] WARNECKE H J, GEISEND?RFER M, HEMPEL D C. Mass transfer behaviour of gas-liquid jet loop reactors[J]. Chem. Eng.Technol.,1988,11(1):306-311.
[5] JANSSEN M, TRAMPER J, MUR L R, et al. Enclosed outdoor photobioreactors:light regime, photosynthetic efficiency, scale-up,and future prospects[J]. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 2003, 81(2):193-210.
[6] HEIJNEN S J, MULDER A, WELTEVREDE R, et al. Large-scale anaerobic/aerobic treatment of complex industrial wastewater using immobilized biomass in fluidized bed and air-lift suspension reactors[J]. Chem. Eng. Technol., 1990, 13(1):202-208.
[7] SOARE A, AKERVELD R, VAN ROYEN J, et al. Minimization of attrition and breakage in an airlift crystallizer[J]. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,2012, 51(33):10895-10909.
[8]杨高东,刘小鹃,吴平铿,等.喷射环流反应器应用研究进展[J].化工进展, 2011, 30(9):1878-1883.YANG Gaodong, LIU Xiaojuan, WU Pingkeng, et al. Research progress of application of jet-loop-reactor[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2011, 30(9):1878-1883.
[9] BYUNGIOON P, GEELSU H, SEUNGIOO H, et al. Absorption of a volatile organic compound by a jet loop reactor with circulation of a surfactant solution:performance evaluation[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008, 15(3):735-741.
[10] ROTAVERA B, DIéVART P, TOGBéC, et al. Oxidation kinetics of nnonane:measurements and modeling of ignition delay times and product concentrations[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute,2011, 33(1):175-183.
[11] DAYMA G, SARATHY S M, TOGBéC, et al. Experimental and kinetic modeling of methyl octanoate oxidation in an opposed-flow diffusion flame and a jet-stirred reactor[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2011, 33(1):1037-1043.
[12] DAGAUT P, SARATHY S M, THOMSON M J. A chemical kinetic study of n-butanol oxidation at elevated pressure in a jet stirred reactor[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2009, 32(1):229-237.
[13]张文晖,李鑫钢.气升式内环流反应器内局部气含率径向分布[J].化工学报, 2010, 61(5):1118-1122.ZHANG Wenhui, LI Xingang. Local gas holdup profiles in an internalloop airlift reactor[J]. CIESC Journal, 2010, 61(5):1118-1122.
[14]王剑,薄守石,白飞,等.鼓泡床与环流反应器流动特性的比较[J].石油炼制与化工, 2014, 45(12):17-22.WANG Jian, BO Shoushi, BAI Fei, et al. Comparison of hydrodynamic characteristics in bubble column and airlift loop reactors[J]. Petroleum Processing and Spetrochemical, 2014, 45(12):17-22.
[15]杨海光,范轶,李飞,等.气升式环流反应器在不同体系下的循环液速和局部气含率[J].高校化学工程学报, 2003(1):37-41.YANG Haiguang, FAN Yi, LI Fei, et al. Circulating fluid velocity and local gas holdup of airlift loop reactor under different systems[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities, 2003(1):37-41.
[16]吴肖群,费黎明,汪叔雄,等.环隙气提式环流反应器中的气含率和液相循环流动[J].化工学报, 1989(3):285-292.WU Xiaoqun, FEI Liming, WANG Shuxiong, et al. Gas hold-up and liquid circulation in gas-lift loop reactor with annular bubbling[J].CIESC Journal, 1989(3):285-292.
[17]李志敏,刘永民,谢嫘祖,等.旋流气升式环流反应器的气含率轴向分布[J].化工进展, 2015, 34(7):1826-1831.LI Zhimin, LIU Yongmin, XIE Leizu, et al. Axial gas holdups of riser in helical-folw airlift loop reactors[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2015, 34(7):1826-1831.
[18]李宝璋,尚龙安,姜信真,等.下喷式环流反应器气含率研究[J].化工学报, 1991(2):147-154.LI Baozhang, SHANG Longan, JIANG Xinzhen, et al. The gas hold-up of downflow liquid jet loop reactor[J]. CIESC Journal, 1991(2):147-154.
[19] MATSUURA A, FAN L S. Distribution of bubble properties in a gasliquid-solid fluidized bed[J]. AIChE J., 1984, 30(6):894-903.
[20]林松,李良超,王嘉骏,等.鼓泡塔中气泡尺寸分布和局部气含率研究[J].化学工程, 2008(2):21-24.LIN Song, LI Liangchao, WANG Jiajun, et al. Study on bubble size distribution and local gas holdup in bubble column[J]. Chemical Engineering, 2008(2):21-24.
[21] TANG Chengzhi, HEINDEL THEODORE J. Estimating gas holdup via pressure difference measurements in a concurrent bubble column[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2006, 32(7):850-863.
[22]索科洛夫,等.喷射器[M].黄秋云,译.北京:科学出版社, 1977.СОКОЛОВ, et al. Ejector[M]. HUANG Qiuyun, trans. Beijing:Science Press, 1977.
[23] BUWA V V, RANADE V V. Mixing in bubble column reactors role of unsteady flow structures[J]. Can. J. Chem. Eng., 2003, 81(4):402-411.
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