液态CO_2致裂技术在冲击地压防治中的应用
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摘要
为解决冲击地压常规解危措施中的难题,研发了冲击地压防治新技术,即液态CO_2致裂。系统介绍了液态CO_2致裂技术的工作原理,在实验室中通过自主研发设备进行压力转化率测试,测试了不同孔壁和泄能头间距与爆破压力的关系,根据实验室研究成果在现场进行了工业性试验。研究实践表明,液态CO_2致裂无明火、可反复使用,是一种新型安全高效的防冲手段。孔壁和泄能头间距越小,孔壁所受压力越大;间距为10~21 mm时,压力转化率为70%~82%;封孔较不封孔压力增大了52.3%。选用直径为50、65 mm两种规格的钻孔进行现场煤体致裂,通过钻孔窥视和光纤监测发现致裂效果良好,研究成果可在高瓦斯冲击地压矿井进行应用。
In order to solve the problem of rock burst in conventional controlling measures,this paper studied the impact of new technology,pressure treatment liquid CO_2 fracturing system. This paper introduced the working principle of liquid CO_2 fracturing technology,test the conversion rate of pressure by independent development equipment in the laboratory,and test the relationship between the blasting pressure and the different spacing of hole wall and discharge head.According to the results,industrial experiment is carried out in the field.The results indicates that liquid CO_2 fracturing can be no fire and used repeatedly,it is a new type of safe and efficient controlling measure.The smaller the spacing between hole wall and discharge head,the more pressure on the hole wall.When the spacing is from 10 mm to 21 mm,the conversion rate of pressure is 70% ~ 82%.The pressure of sealing increased by 52.3% compared with no sealing.Selected two types of drilling hole(50 mm,65 mm) to split the coal seam in the field,it has good pressure relief effect monitored by peeping drilling hole and optical fiber sensor,the research results can be applied in high gas and rock burst mines.
In order to solve the problem of rock burst in conventional controlling measures,this paper studied the impact of new technology,pressure treatment liquid CO_2 fracturing system. This paper introduced the working principle of liquid CO_2 fracturing technology,test the conversion rate of pressure by independent development equipment in the laboratory,and test the relationship between the blasting pressure and the different spacing of hole wall and discharge head.According to the results,industrial experiment is carried out in the field.The results indicates that liquid CO_2 fracturing can be no fire and used repeatedly,it is a new type of safe and efficient controlling measure.The smaller the spacing between hole wall and discharge head,the more pressure on the hole wall.When the spacing is from 10 mm to 21 mm,the conversion rate of pressure is 70% ~ 82%.The pressure of sealing increased by 52.3% compared with no sealing.Selected two types of drilling hole(50 mm,65 mm) to split the coal seam in the field,it has good pressure relief effect monitored by peeping drilling hole and optical fiber sensor,the research results can be applied in high gas and rock burst mines.
引文
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[17]李付涛.二氧化碳爆破增透技术的试验应用[J].煤,2016(1):16-18.LI Futao.The trial application of carbon dioxide blasting anti-reflection technology[J].Coal,2016(1):16-18.
[18]王海东.突出煤层掘进工作面CO2可控相变致裂防突技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(3):70-74.WANG Haidong.CO2controllable phrase transition fracturing and outburst prevention technology of gateway driving face in outburst seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(3):70-74.
[19]刘文郁,王滨.二氧化碳爆破深孔预裂强化增透试验研究[J].煤炭技术,2016,35(3):178-179.LIU Wenyu,WANG Bin.Experimental study of carbon dioxide deep hole pre-splitting blasting Improved anti-reflection[J].Coal Technology,2016,35(3):178-179.
[20]周西华,门金龙,宋东平,等.煤层液态CO2爆破增透促抽瓦斯技术研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2015,25(2):60-65.ZHOU Xihua,MEN Jinlong.,SONG Dongping,et al.Research on increasing coal seam permeability and promoting gas drainage with liquid CO2blasting[J].China Safety Science Journal,2015,25(2):60-65.
[2]兰永伟.钻孔卸压防治煤矿冲击地压的研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2005.
[3]陈峰,潘一山,李忠华,等.利用钻屑法对卸压钻孔措施效果的分析评价[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(S2):266-270.CHEN Feng,PAN Yishan,LI Zhonghua,et al.Analysis and evaluation of effects of borehole pressure relief measures by drilling cutting method[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(S2):266-270.
[4]耿敏敏,马占国,龚鹏,等.高应力煤巷卸压孔布置方式对卸压效果影响分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2012,8(11):5-10.GENG Minmin,MA Zhanguo,GONG Peng,et al.Analysis of the effect on pressure relief by the pressure relieving hole layouts on high stress coal roadway[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2012,8(11):5-10.
[5]肖知国,王兆丰.煤层注水防治煤与瓦斯突出机理的研究现状与进展[J].中国安全科学学报,2009,19(10):150-158,179.XIAO Zhiguo,WANG Zhaofeng.Status and progress of studies on mechanism of preventing coal and gas outburst by coal seam infusion[J].China Safety Science Journal,2009,19(10):150-158,179.
[6]章梦涛,宋维源,潘一山.煤层注水预防冲击地压的研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2003,13(10):73-76,2.ZHANG Mengtao,SONG Weiyuan,PAN Yishan.Study on water pouring into coal seam to prevent rock burst[J].China Safety Science Journal,2003,13(10):73-76,2.
[7]潘俊锋,宁宇,蓝航,等.基于千秋矿冲击性煤样浸水时间效应的煤层注水方法[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(S1):19-25.PAN Junfeng,NING Yu,LAN Hang,et al.Water injection methods in coal bed based on experiments of water immersion time effect of Qianqiu coal samples with burst trend[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(S1):19-25.
[8]蒋承林.煤层注水的防突机理分析[J].湘潭矿业学院学报,1999,14(3):3-6.JIANG Chenglin.Analysis on the mechanism of outburst prevention on seam infusion[J].Journal of Xiangtan Mining Institute,1999,14(3):3-6.
[9]魏明尧,王恩元,刘晓斐.深部煤层卸压爆破防治冲击地压效果的数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(8):2539-2543.WEI Xiaoming,WANG Enyuan,LIU Xiaofei.Numerical simulation of rock burst prevention effect by blasting pressure relief in deep coal seam[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(8):2539-2543.
[10]李剑锋,何岗,国兴福.深孔卸压爆破控制冲击地压的机理及应用[J].煤炭科技,2008(1):75-77.LI Jianfeng,HE Gang,GUO Fuxing.Mechanism and application of deep hole pressure relief blast to control rock burst[J].Coal Science&Technology Magazine,2008(1):75-77.
[11]欧阳振华.多级爆破卸压技术防治冲击地压机理及其应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(10):32-36.OUYANG Zhenhua.Application and mechanism of mine strata pressure pumping prevention with multi stage blasting pressure releasing technology[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(10):32-36.
[12]顾合龙,南华,王文,等.爆破卸压技术防治冲击地压的应用与检验[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(4):22-26.GU Helong,NAN Hua,WANG Wen,et al.Inspection and application of blasting and pressure released technology to mine pressure bump prevention and control[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(4):22-26.
[13]欧阳振华,齐庆新,张寅,等.水压致裂预防冲击地压的机理与试验[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(S2):321-325.OUyang Zhenhua,QI Qingxin,ZHANG Yin,et al.Mechanism and experiment of hydraulic fracturing in rock burst prevention[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(S2):321-325.
[14]池明波.水力割缝防治忻州窑矿冲击地压试验研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2015.
[15]范晋伟.冲击煤层的水压致裂防治研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2014.
[16]霍中刚.二氧化碳致裂器深孔预裂爆破煤层增透新技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(2):80-83.HUO Zhonggang.New technology of carbon dioxide fracture applied to deep borehole pre-cracking blasting for seam permeability improvement[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(2):80-83.
[17]李付涛.二氧化碳爆破增透技术的试验应用[J].煤,2016(1):16-18.LI Futao.The trial application of carbon dioxide blasting anti-reflection technology[J].Coal,2016(1):16-18.
[18]王海东.突出煤层掘进工作面CO2可控相变致裂防突技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(3):70-74.WANG Haidong.CO2controllable phrase transition fracturing and outburst prevention technology of gateway driving face in outburst seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(3):70-74.
[19]刘文郁,王滨.二氧化碳爆破深孔预裂强化增透试验研究[J].煤炭技术,2016,35(3):178-179.LIU Wenyu,WANG Bin.Experimental study of carbon dioxide deep hole pre-splitting blasting Improved anti-reflection[J].Coal Technology,2016,35(3):178-179.
[20]周西华,门金龙,宋东平,等.煤层液态CO2爆破增透促抽瓦斯技术研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2015,25(2):60-65.ZHOU Xihua,MEN Jinlong.,SONG Dongping,et al.Research on increasing coal seam permeability and promoting gas drainage with liquid CO2blasting[J].China Safety Science Journal,2015,25(2):60-65.