南黄海中部隆起印支面剥蚀量恢复与演化过程——来自CSDP-2井的证据
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摘要
南黄海中部隆起是下扬子地块向海域的延伸,是当前海相盆地海域资源调查的潜力区。中部隆起自印支期以来经历多期构造隆升、挤压及剥蚀作用,显著影响了盆地油气资源的形成和分布。2016年底完钻的大陆架科学钻探CSDP-2井首次在中部隆起钻穿印支不整合面,该不整合面在中部隆起既是新近系-第四系底界,又是下三叠统灰岩的顶界,横向延伸平缓,上、下地层产状差异巨大,下伏地层具有强烈的挤压变形及逆冲推覆,呈现显著的角度不整合接触关系。本次研究基于泥岩声波时差法计算的印支面地层剥蚀量约为1200 m,镜质体反射率法计算的剥蚀量约为1400 m,与地层趋势面估算的剥蚀量基本一致。结合南黄海盆地演化过程分析,认为中部隆起大致于晚三叠世开始隆升,至晚白垩世期间经历快速剥蚀,并可能延续到渐新世末期。在当前南黄海盆地资源调查逐步转向中、古生界海相残留盆地之际,依托实际钻探资料进行印支不整合面研究及剥蚀量恢复对于恢复盆地构造-热演化史及评价油气资源等均具有重要的现实意义。
The central uplift of the South Yellow Sea(SYS) is an important potential area for basin resources exploration.The compressive deformation and denudation of the tectonic uplift since the Indosinian period are still unclear and have been a subject of active debate, though they may have significantly impacts on the formation and distribution of oil and gas resources in the basin. The CSDP-2 well(121°15′E, 34°33′N), supported and carried out by the Continental Scientific Drilling Project(CSDP) of China Geological Survey(CGS), was the exclusive deep exploratory well drilled in the central uplift of SYS. The depth of the Indosinian unconformity surface drilled by the CSDP-2 is 596 m. The seismic profiles calibrated by CSDP-2 show that the Indosinian unconformity is a regional strong reflectance interface between the Neogene-Quaternary unconsolidated sedimentary cover and the Lower Triassic limestone. As an integrated core-drilling well, it provide powerful data to study some fundamental geological events of this region. Integrated geophysical data and measured results of core samples can be used to estimate the eroded thickness. The denudation thickness calibrated by sonic-logging data and vitrinite reflectance is about 1200 m and 1400 m respectively, which is consistent with the analysis result from stratigraphic trend surface. The analysis of the evolution process of the SYS indicated that the central uplift underwent a prolonged denudation from the Middle-Late Cretaceous to the end of the Eocene. The study of Indosinian unconformity is of great practical significance for the restoration of the tectonic-thermal evolution history and the evaluation of oil and gas resources in the South Yellow Sea Basin(SYSB).
The central uplift of the South Yellow Sea(SYS) is an important potential area for basin resources exploration.The compressive deformation and denudation of the tectonic uplift since the Indosinian period are still unclear and have been a subject of active debate, though they may have significantly impacts on the formation and distribution of oil and gas resources in the basin. The CSDP-2 well(121°15′E, 34°33′N), supported and carried out by the Continental Scientific Drilling Project(CSDP) of China Geological Survey(CGS), was the exclusive deep exploratory well drilled in the central uplift of SYS. The depth of the Indosinian unconformity surface drilled by the CSDP-2 is 596 m. The seismic profiles calibrated by CSDP-2 show that the Indosinian unconformity is a regional strong reflectance interface between the Neogene-Quaternary unconsolidated sedimentary cover and the Lower Triassic limestone. As an integrated core-drilling well, it provide powerful data to study some fundamental geological events of this region. Integrated geophysical data and measured results of core samples can be used to estimate the eroded thickness. The denudation thickness calibrated by sonic-logging data and vitrinite reflectance is about 1200 m and 1400 m respectively, which is consistent with the analysis result from stratigraphic trend surface. The analysis of the evolution process of the SYS indicated that the central uplift underwent a prolonged denudation from the Middle-Late Cretaceous to the end of the Eocene. The study of Indosinian unconformity is of great practical significance for the restoration of the tectonic-thermal evolution history and the evaluation of oil and gas resources in the South Yellow Sea Basin(SYSB).
引文
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高顺莉,徐曦,周祖翼.2015.南黄海北部盆地晚白垩世以来构造变形与盆地成因.石油与天然气地质,36(6):924-933.
葛翔,沈传波,梅廉夫.2016.低温热年代对黄陵隆起中新生代古地形的约束.大地构造与成矿学,40(4):654-662.
郭兴伟,朱晓青,牟林,徐扬,庞玉茂,蔡来星,张训华,刘健,卢辉楠.2017.南黄海中部隆起二叠纪-三叠纪菊石的发现及其意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,37(3):121-128.
侯方辉,田振兴,张训华,张志珣,李三忠.2012.南黄海盆地两条地震剖面的重磁数据联合反演效果.石油地球物理勘探,47(5):808-814.
侯方辉,张志珣,张训华,李三忠,李刚,郭兴伟,田振兴.2008.南黄海盆地地质演化及构造样式地震解释.海洋地质与第四纪地质,28(5):61-68.
胡圣标,汪集旸,张容燕.1999.利用镜质体反射率数据估算地层剥蚀厚度.石油勘探与开发,26(4):42-45.
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刘光鼎.2001.中国油气资源企盼二次创业.地球物理学进展,16(4):1-3.
刘光鼎,陈洁.2005.中国前新生代残留盆地油气勘探难点分析及对策.地球物理学进展,20(2):273-275.
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庞玉茂,张训华,郭兴伟,肖国林,朱晓青.2017.南黄海北部盆地中、新生代构造热演化史模拟研究.地球物理学报,60(8):3177-3190.
庞玉茂,张训华,肖国林,温珍河,郭兴伟,侯方辉,朱晓青.2016.下扬子南黄海沉积盆地构造地质特征.地质论评,62(3):604-616.
佟彦明,宋立军,曾少军,程涛,危宇宁.2005.利用镜质体反射率恢复地层剥蚀厚度的新方法.古地理学报,7(3):417-424.
王丰,李慧君,张银国.2010.南黄海崂山隆起地层属性及油气地质.海洋地质与第四纪地质,30(2):95-102.
王凯,刘少峰,姜承鑫,王平,张岩,孟勇.2015.扬子板块北缘中段多期褶皱构造的变形特征及叠加关系.大地构造与成矿学,39(2):231-240.
翁望飞,王建强,张蓉蓉,陈洪,桂小军.2011.利用声波测井技术计算地层剥蚀厚度--以鄂尔多斯盆地为例.新疆石油地质,32(2):143-146.
吴智平,韩文功.2000.济阳坳陷早晚第三纪沉积间断地层剥蚀量研究.中国海上油气:地质,14(5):320-323.
吴志强,吴时国,童思友,刘怀山,张一波.2011.基于南黄海海相油气勘探的地震采集技术研究.地球物理学报,54(4):1061-1070.
徐行,姚永坚,冯志强,郝天珧,陈春峰,张拭颖,万荣胜.2011.南黄海北部构造演化的地球物理认识.地球物理学进展,26(4):1266-1278.
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杨艳秋,易春燕,李刚.2015.南黄海中部隆起地震层序地层的识别及其地质时代探讨.海相油气地质,20(4):49-56.
姚永坚,夏斌,冯志强,王嘹亮,徐行.2005.南黄海古生代以来构造演化.石油实验地质,27(2):124-128.
张海啟,陈建文,李刚,吴志强,张银国.2009.地震调查在南黄海崂山隆起的发现及其石油地质意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,29(3):107-113.
张顺,陈世悦,吴智平,王永诗,李伟,罗阳,侯旭波,张林.2015.常用剥蚀厚度恢复法在东营凹陷南坡西部“红层”的应用.中国地质,42(2):720-736.
张训华,杨金玉,李刚,杨艳秋.2014.南黄海盆地基底及海相中、古生界地层分布特征.地球物理学报,57(12):4041-4051.
张训华,张志珣,蓝先洪,李日辉.2013.南黄海区域地质.北京:海洋出版社:394-404.
赵文芳,杨风丽,庄建建.2011.南黄海中部隆起中?古生界构造特征分析.油气藏评价与开发,1(5):6-13.
周瑶琪,吴智平.2000.地层间断面的时间结构研究.北京:地质出版社:21-62.
朱传庆,徐明,单竞男,袁玉松,赵永庆,胡圣标.2009.利用古温标恢复四川盆地主要构造运动时期的剥蚀量.中国地质,36(6):1268-1277.
朱光,徐嘉炜,刘国生,李双应,虞培玉.1999.下扬子地区前陆变形构造格局及其动力学机制.地质通报,18(1):73-79.
Athy L F.1930.Density,porosity,and compaction of sedimentary rocks.AAPG Bulletin,14(1):1-24.
Burnham A K and Sweeney J J.1989.A chemical kinetic model of vitrinite maturation and reflectance.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,53(10):2649-2657.
Dow W G.1977.Kerogen studies and geological interpretations.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,7(2):79-99.
Japsen P.2000.Investigation of multi-phase erosion using reconstructed shale trends based on sonic data.Sole Pit axis,North Sea.Global and Planetary Change,24(3-4):189-210.
Lee G H,Kwon Y I,Yoon C S,Kim H G and Yoo H S.2006.Igneous complexes in the eastern Northern South Yellow Sea Basin and their implications for hydrocarbon systems.Marine and Petroleum Geology,23(6):631-645.
Magara K.1976.Thickness of removed sedimentary rocks,paleopore pressure,and paleotemperature,southwestern part of Western Canada Basin.AAPG Bulletin,60(4):554-565.
Pang Y M,Zhang X H,Xiao G L,Guo X W,Wen Z H,Wu ZQ and Zhu X Q.2017.Characteristics of MesoCenozoic igneous complexes in the South Yellow Sea Basin,Lower Yangtze Craton of eastern China and the tectonic setting.Acta Geologica Sinica,91(3):971-987.
Yi S H,Yi S S,Batten D J,Yun H S and Park S J.2003.Cretaceous and Cenozoic non-marine deposits of the Northern South Yellow Sea Basin,offshore western Korea:Palynostratigraphy and palaeoenvironments.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,191(1):15-44.
Zhang M H,Xu D S and Chen J W.2007.Geological structure of the yellow sea area from regional gravity and magnetic interpretation.Applied Geophysics,4(2):75-83.
邓宾,刘树根,覃作鹏,李智武,罗超,李金玺,李煜伟,苟乔欣.2015.扬子板内大娄山渐变型盆?山结构带多期构造特征及其对板内?板缘构造的响应.大地构造与成矿学,39(6):973-991.
高顺莉,徐曦,周祖翼.2015.南黄海北部盆地晚白垩世以来构造变形与盆地成因.石油与天然气地质,36(6):924-933.
葛翔,沈传波,梅廉夫.2016.低温热年代对黄陵隆起中新生代古地形的约束.大地构造与成矿学,40(4):654-662.
郭兴伟,朱晓青,牟林,徐扬,庞玉茂,蔡来星,张训华,刘健,卢辉楠.2017.南黄海中部隆起二叠纪-三叠纪菊石的发现及其意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,37(3):121-128.
侯方辉,田振兴,张训华,张志珣,李三忠.2012.南黄海盆地两条地震剖面的重磁数据联合反演效果.石油地球物理勘探,47(5):808-814.
侯方辉,张志珣,张训华,李三忠,李刚,郭兴伟,田振兴.2008.南黄海盆地地质演化及构造样式地震解释.海洋地质与第四纪地质,28(5):61-68.
胡圣标,汪集旸,张容燕.1999.利用镜质体反射率数据估算地层剥蚀厚度.石油勘探与开发,26(4):42-45.
胡圣标,张容燕,周礼成.1998.油气盆地地热史恢复方法.勘探家,3(4):52-54.
李三忠,王涛,金宠,戴黎明,刘鑫,周小军,王岳军,张国伟.2011.雪峰山基底隆升带及其邻区印支期陆内构造特征与成因.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),41(1):93-105.
李伟.1996.恢复地层剥蚀厚度方法综述.中国海上油气:地质,10(3):167-171.
刘光鼎.2001.中国油气资源企盼二次创业.地球物理学进展,16(4):1-3.
刘光鼎,陈洁.2005.中国前新生代残留盆地油气勘探难点分析及对策.地球物理学进展,20(2):273-275.
牟中海,陈志勇,陆廷清,由福报,李德旗.2000.柴达木盆地北缘中生界剥蚀厚度恢复.石油勘探与开发,27(1):35-37.
庞玉茂,张训华,郭兴伟,肖国林,朱晓青.2017.南黄海北部盆地中、新生代构造热演化史模拟研究.地球物理学报,60(8):3177-3190.
庞玉茂,张训华,肖国林,温珍河,郭兴伟,侯方辉,朱晓青.2016.下扬子南黄海沉积盆地构造地质特征.地质论评,62(3):604-616.
佟彦明,宋立军,曾少军,程涛,危宇宁.2005.利用镜质体反射率恢复地层剥蚀厚度的新方法.古地理学报,7(3):417-424.
王丰,李慧君,张银国.2010.南黄海崂山隆起地层属性及油气地质.海洋地质与第四纪地质,30(2):95-102.
王凯,刘少峰,姜承鑫,王平,张岩,孟勇.2015.扬子板块北缘中段多期褶皱构造的变形特征及叠加关系.大地构造与成矿学,39(2):231-240.
翁望飞,王建强,张蓉蓉,陈洪,桂小军.2011.利用声波测井技术计算地层剥蚀厚度--以鄂尔多斯盆地为例.新疆石油地质,32(2):143-146.
吴智平,韩文功.2000.济阳坳陷早晚第三纪沉积间断地层剥蚀量研究.中国海上油气:地质,14(5):320-323.
吴志强,吴时国,童思友,刘怀山,张一波.2011.基于南黄海海相油气勘探的地震采集技术研究.地球物理学报,54(4):1061-1070.
徐行,姚永坚,冯志强,郝天珧,陈春峰,张拭颖,万荣胜.2011.南黄海北部构造演化的地球物理认识.地球物理学进展,26(4):1266-1278.
杨长清,董贺平,李刚.2014.南黄海盆地中部隆起的形成与演化.海洋地质前沿,30(7):17-21.
杨艳秋,易春燕,李刚.2015.南黄海中部隆起地震层序地层的识别及其地质时代探讨.海相油气地质,20(4):49-56.
姚永坚,夏斌,冯志强,王嘹亮,徐行.2005.南黄海古生代以来构造演化.石油实验地质,27(2):124-128.
张海啟,陈建文,李刚,吴志强,张银国.2009.地震调查在南黄海崂山隆起的发现及其石油地质意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,29(3):107-113.
张顺,陈世悦,吴智平,王永诗,李伟,罗阳,侯旭波,张林.2015.常用剥蚀厚度恢复法在东营凹陷南坡西部“红层”的应用.中国地质,42(2):720-736.
张训华,杨金玉,李刚,杨艳秋.2014.南黄海盆地基底及海相中、古生界地层分布特征.地球物理学报,57(12):4041-4051.
张训华,张志珣,蓝先洪,李日辉.2013.南黄海区域地质.北京:海洋出版社:394-404.
赵文芳,杨风丽,庄建建.2011.南黄海中部隆起中?古生界构造特征分析.油气藏评价与开发,1(5):6-13.
周瑶琪,吴智平.2000.地层间断面的时间结构研究.北京:地质出版社:21-62.
朱传庆,徐明,单竞男,袁玉松,赵永庆,胡圣标.2009.利用古温标恢复四川盆地主要构造运动时期的剥蚀量.中国地质,36(6):1268-1277.
朱光,徐嘉炜,刘国生,李双应,虞培玉.1999.下扬子地区前陆变形构造格局及其动力学机制.地质通报,18(1):73-79.
Athy L F.1930.Density,porosity,and compaction of sedimentary rocks.AAPG Bulletin,14(1):1-24.
Burnham A K and Sweeney J J.1989.A chemical kinetic model of vitrinite maturation and reflectance.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,53(10):2649-2657.
Dow W G.1977.Kerogen studies and geological interpretations.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,7(2):79-99.
Japsen P.2000.Investigation of multi-phase erosion using reconstructed shale trends based on sonic data.Sole Pit axis,North Sea.Global and Planetary Change,24(3-4):189-210.
Lee G H,Kwon Y I,Yoon C S,Kim H G and Yoo H S.2006.Igneous complexes in the eastern Northern South Yellow Sea Basin and their implications for hydrocarbon systems.Marine and Petroleum Geology,23(6):631-645.
Magara K.1976.Thickness of removed sedimentary rocks,paleopore pressure,and paleotemperature,southwestern part of Western Canada Basin.AAPG Bulletin,60(4):554-565.
Pang Y M,Zhang X H,Xiao G L,Guo X W,Wen Z H,Wu ZQ and Zhu X Q.2017.Characteristics of MesoCenozoic igneous complexes in the South Yellow Sea Basin,Lower Yangtze Craton of eastern China and the tectonic setting.Acta Geologica Sinica,91(3):971-987.
Yi S H,Yi S S,Batten D J,Yun H S and Park S J.2003.Cretaceous and Cenozoic non-marine deposits of the Northern South Yellow Sea Basin,offshore western Korea:Palynostratigraphy and palaeoenvironments.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,191(1):15-44.
Zhang M H,Xu D S and Chen J W.2007.Geological structure of the yellow sea area from regional gravity and magnetic interpretation.Applied Geophysics,4(2):75-83.