控水闸对通江湖泊水位及面积变化的影响分析——以升金湖为例
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摘要
根据近3年来升金湖姜坝、黄湓闸闸上和闸下以及安庆水位站实测资料,探究控水闸对通江型湖泊水位及面积的影响。结果表明:受黄湓闸控水作用的影响,姜坝站水位在枯水期维持在11 m左右,远高于其他水位站,丰水期维持在15 m的警戒水位以内,与闸上水位波动一致,在特大洪水时河湖连通,水位不受控水闸影响;闸上水位在枯水期介于姜坝站和闸下水位之间,在水位高于11 m的平水期和丰水期,水位波动基本与姜坝站水位一致;闸下水位在枯水期介于闸上和安庆站水位之间,在平水期和丰水期与长江水位波动一致;估算并比较在河湖自然连通和黄湓闸控水状态下升金湖月均面积的变化,控水闸导致枯水期湖泊面积扩大,丰水期湖泊面积缩小。
According to the measurement of Jiangba Station in Shengjin Lake,Huangpen sluice(upper and low reaches) and Anqing gauge station for the period of 2015 to 2017,the influence of water control sluice on water level and lake area for Yangtze River-connected lakes was investigated.The main conclusions are:Due to the influence of man-made dam interception and water control of Huangpen sluice,the water level of Jiangba Station remained at about 11 m,far higher than other water level stations in dry season.During the wet season,the water level reminds lower than the warning water level of 15 m,which is consistent with the upper of Huangpen sluice fluctuation,expect for the extraordinary flood,causing the rivers and lakes connected,and the water level is not controlled by the sluice.The water level of the upper of Huangpen sluice fluctuates between Jiangba Station and the low reaches of the sluice,which was basically in accordance with that of Jiangba Station during the flat water period and the wet season when the water level is higher than 11 m.The water level of the low reaches of the sluice was between the upper sluice and Anqing station during the dry season,which is consistent with water level fluctuation of the Yangtze River.The average monthly area changes of Shengjin Lake under the conditions of natural connection of river and lake and Huangpen sluice control are estimated and compared respectively,which shows that the controlled sluice resulted in the enlargement of lake area in dry season and the Shrinkage of lake area in wet season.
According to the measurement of Jiangba Station in Shengjin Lake,Huangpen sluice(upper and low reaches) and Anqing gauge station for the period of 2015 to 2017,the influence of water control sluice on water level and lake area for Yangtze River-connected lakes was investigated.The main conclusions are:Due to the influence of man-made dam interception and water control of Huangpen sluice,the water level of Jiangba Station remained at about 11 m,far higher than other water level stations in dry season.During the wet season,the water level reminds lower than the warning water level of 15 m,which is consistent with the upper of Huangpen sluice fluctuation,expect for the extraordinary flood,causing the rivers and lakes connected,and the water level is not controlled by the sluice.The water level of the upper of Huangpen sluice fluctuates between Jiangba Station and the low reaches of the sluice,which was basically in accordance with that of Jiangba Station during the flat water period and the wet season when the water level is higher than 11 m.The water level of the low reaches of the sluice was between the upper sluice and Anqing station during the dry season,which is consistent with water level fluctuation of the Yangtze River.The average monthly area changes of Shengjin Lake under the conditions of natural connection of river and lake and Huangpen sluice control are estimated and compared respectively,which shows that the controlled sluice resulted in the enlargement of lake area in dry season and the Shrinkage of lake area in wet season.
引文
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[3]何用,李义天,吴道喜,等.水沙过程与河流健康[J].水利学报,2006,37(11):1354-1359+1366.
[4]吴道喜,黄思平.健康长江指标体系研究[J].水利水电快报,2007,28(12):1-3.
[5]汪恕诚.再谈人与自然和谐相处:兼论大坝与生态[J].中国水利,2004(8):6-9.
[6]RICHTER B D,ANDREW T,WARNER JUDY L,et al.A collaborative and adaptive process for developing environmental flow recommendations[J].River Res.Applic,2006,22(3):297-318.
[7]胡巍巍.蚌埠闸及上游闸坝对淮河自然水文情势的影响[J].地理科学,2012,32(8):1013-1019.
[8]左其亭,高洋洋,刘子辉.闸坝对重污染河流水质水量作用规律的分析与讨论[J].资源科学,2010,32(2):261-266.
[9]郭文献,张亮,王鸿翔,等.闸坝工程建设对北运河水量水质影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2010,29(6):56-59.
[10]余启辉,马强,游中琼,等.鄱阳湖水利枢纽调度对湖区枯期水位与流速影响[J].人民长江,2013,44(17):18-21+59.
[11]赖格英,王鹏,黄小兰,等.鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程对鄱阳湖水文水动力影响的模拟[J].湖泊科学,2015,27(1):128-140.
[12]赖格英,张志勇,王鹏,等.拟建鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程对长江干流流量影响的模拟[J].湖泊科学,2017,29(3):521-533.
[13]杜彦良,周怀东,毛战坡,等.鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程对水质环境影响研究[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2011,9(4):249-256.
[14]杜彦良,周怀东,彭文启,等.近10年流域江湖关系变化作用下鄱阳湖水动力及水质特征模拟[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(5):1274-1284.
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[19]LATRUBESSE E M,ARIMA E Y,DUNNE T,et al.Damming the rivers of the Amazon basin[J].Nature,2017,546(7658):363-369.