短电弧套料加工试验及电极加工特性的分析
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摘要
短电弧加工技术是一种新型的特种电加工技术,它能有效地解决高硬度、高强度和高韧性导电材料的加工难题,而这些难加工材料的深孔套料加工难度更大,因此将短电弧加工技术应用于深孔套料加工,可以提供一种新的深孔套料加工方法。主要分析了短电弧加工机理和放电过程的形成,并通过所设计的短电弧套料加工系统对几种难加工材料进行了短电弧加工试验,确定不同的电加工参数和非电加工参数对工件材料去除率的影响。选择几种电极材料和不同的电极结构形式进行短电弧套料加工试验,以确定电极的加工特性。试验结果表明,当电源电压和进给量增大,放电间隙减小时,工件材料的去除率也相应的增加;在相同加工参数条件下,石墨电极对钛合金TC4的去除率要高于镍基高温合金In625,而同种电极材料的齿形结构电极具有更好的加工效果。通过对短电弧加工之后的不锈钢(0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb)材料的金相组织检测与分析,确定不锈钢材料的基体组织基本稳定,热影响区域厚度较小(524. 5μm),对后续的机械加工和套料加工不会产生较大的影响。
Short electric arc machining is a new type of special electric processing technology,which has solved the difficult problems of high hardness,high strength and high toughness conductive materials. While the trepanning of the difficult-to-machine materials are extremely difficult to process. Therefore,the combination of short electric arc processing technology and trepanning machining can provide a new method for the trepanning processing. Mainly analyzes the short electric arc machining mechanism and the formation of the discharge process. Short electric arc machining tests are performed on several difficult-to-machine materials through the short arc trepanning system to determine the effect of different electric processing parameters and non-electrical processing parameters on the removal rate of the workpiece material. Several electrode materials and different electrode structures are selected for short electric arc trepanning test in order to determine the processing characteristics of the electrode. The result shows that when the power supply voltage and feed rate increases,the discharge gap decreases,the removal rate of the workpiece material also increases accordingly; under the same machining parameter conditions,the removal rate of the titanium alloy TC4 by the graphite electrodes is higher than that of the Ni-base high-temperature alloy In625,the tooth structure electrode of the same kind of electrode material has a better processing effect. By detecting and analyzing the metallographic structure of the stainless steel( 0 Cr17 Ni4 Cu4 Nb) material,it draws a conclusion that the matrix structure of the material is basically stable,and the thickness of the heat-affected zone is small( 524. 5 μm),which would have little impact on the subsequent mechanical processing and trepanning machining.
Short electric arc machining is a new type of special electric processing technology,which has solved the difficult problems of high hardness,high strength and high toughness conductive materials. While the trepanning of the difficult-to-machine materials are extremely difficult to process. Therefore,the combination of short electric arc processing technology and trepanning machining can provide a new method for the trepanning processing. Mainly analyzes the short electric arc machining mechanism and the formation of the discharge process. Short electric arc machining tests are performed on several difficult-to-machine materials through the short arc trepanning system to determine the effect of different electric processing parameters and non-electrical processing parameters on the removal rate of the workpiece material. Several electrode materials and different electrode structures are selected for short electric arc trepanning test in order to determine the processing characteristics of the electrode. The result shows that when the power supply voltage and feed rate increases,the discharge gap decreases,the removal rate of the workpiece material also increases accordingly; under the same machining parameter conditions,the removal rate of the titanium alloy TC4 by the graphite electrodes is higher than that of the Ni-base high-temperature alloy In625,the tooth structure electrode of the same kind of electrode material has a better processing effect. By detecting and analyzing the metallographic structure of the stainless steel( 0 Cr17 Ni4 Cu4 Nb) material,it draws a conclusion that the matrix structure of the material is basically stable,and the thickness of the heat-affected zone is small( 524. 5 μm),which would have little impact on the subsequent mechanical processing and trepanning machining.
引文
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[5]刘宏胜,周建平.基于短电弧加工的镍基高温合金表面质量初探[J].机械设计与研究,2014(10):30-35.
[6]王树志.马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢磁粉检测磁痕分析[J].无损检测,2013(6).
[7]汪兵兵,周建平,许燕,等.短电弧铣削工具电极材料的放电性能研究[J].制造技术与机床,2016(5):94-98.
[8]张转连.奥氏体不锈钢超温服役后金相组织分析[J].石油化工设备,2012(5):3.