直播早籼稻品种芽期耐冷性鉴定研究
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摘要
低温胁迫是水稻生产面临的重要非生物胁迫之一,鉴定水稻种质资源芽期耐冷性,筛选耐冷品种对水稻生产具有重要意义。以江西地区主推的33份早籼杂交稻品种和8份常规稻为试验材料,设置12个芽期低温胁迫处理,以死苗率为指标探讨了早籼稻芽期耐冷性的适宜鉴定方法。同时在8℃低温处理10d,恢复生长后调查其成苗率、苗高、根长、根数、地上部生物量、根系生物量和根冠比。运用主成分分析、模糊隶属函数法和聚类分析法来探讨直播早稻芽期的耐冷性评价方法及筛选耐冷品种。结果表明,8℃低温处理10d,直播早籼稻品种死苗率的方差和变异幅度大,能较好地鉴别品种间耐冷性差异,是直播早籼稻芽期耐冷性鉴定的最合理方式;杂交稻品种的耐冷性强于常规稻;低温胁迫后成苗率、苗高、根长、根数、地上部生物量、根系生物量和根冠比基本低于25℃对照处理;利用主成分分析将7个单项指标转化为3个独立的综合指标(CI_1、CI_2、CI_3),主成分分析表明,根系生物量和地上部生物量最能代表直播早籼稻对低温胁迫后的响应情况,可作为芽期耐冷性鉴定的评价指标。通过聚类分析,将41份早籼稻品种划分为3类,筛选出陵两优7108、两优287、锦两优816等9份强耐冷品种,株两优1号、潭两优83、株两优22等15份中度耐冷品种,温229、中早33、五丰优157等17份冷敏感品种。这些品种可以进一步为耐冷育种和生产服务。
Low temperature stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses in rice production. It is important toidentify cold tolerance of rice germplasm resources at bud stage and screen cold tolerant varieties for rice production.In this study, 33 early indica hybrid rice varieties and 8 conventional rice varieties in Jiangxi Province were used asexperimental materials, 12 low temperature stress treatments were set up at bud stage, and the suitable identificationmethod of cold tolerance at bud stage of early indica rice was discussed with the dead seedling rate as an index. At thesame time, the seedling rate, seedling height, root length, root number, aboveground biomass, root biomass and root-shoot ratio were investigated after 10 days of 8℃ low temperature treatment. Principal component analysis, fuzzymembership function and cluster analysis were used to explore the evaluation methods of cold tolerance at bud stageof direct seeding early rice and to screen cold tolerant varieties. The results showed that the variance and variationrange of dead seedling rate of direct seeding early indica rice varieties were large under 8℃ low temperature for 10 days, which could better identify the difference of cold tolerance among varieties, and it was the most reasonable wayto identify cold tolerance of direct seeding early indica rice at bud stage; the cold tolerance of hybrid rice varietieswas stronger than that of conventional rice; the seedling rate, seedling height, root length, root number, abovegroundbiomass, root biomass and root-shoot comparison after low temperature stress were decreased compared with 25℃treatment, and seven indices were transformed into three independent comprehensive indices(CI_1, CI_2, CI_3) by principalcomponent analysis. The principal component analysis showed that root biomass and aboveground biomass could bestrepresent the response of direct seeding early indica rice to low temperature stress and could be used as an evaluationindex for cold tolerance identification at bud stage. By cluster analysis, 41 early indica rice varieties were divided intothree categories. Nine strong cold-tolerant varieties, such as Lingliangyou 7108, Liangyou 287 and Jinlingyou 816 wereselected. Fifteen moderate cold-tolerant varieties, such as Zhuliangyou 1, Tanliangyou 83 and Zhuliangyou 22, and 17 cold-sensitive varieties, such as Wen 229, Zhongzao 33 and Wufengyou 157 were selected. These varieties can furtherserve for cold tolerance breeding and production.
Low temperature stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses in rice production. It is important toidentify cold tolerance of rice germplasm resources at bud stage and screen cold tolerant varieties for rice production.In this study, 33 early indica hybrid rice varieties and 8 conventional rice varieties in Jiangxi Province were used asexperimental materials, 12 low temperature stress treatments were set up at bud stage, and the suitable identificationmethod of cold tolerance at bud stage of early indica rice was discussed with the dead seedling rate as an index. At thesame time, the seedling rate, seedling height, root length, root number, aboveground biomass, root biomass and root-shoot ratio were investigated after 10 days of 8℃ low temperature treatment. Principal component analysis, fuzzymembership function and cluster analysis were used to explore the evaluation methods of cold tolerance at bud stageof direct seeding early rice and to screen cold tolerant varieties. The results showed that the variance and variationrange of dead seedling rate of direct seeding early indica rice varieties were large under 8℃ low temperature for 10 days, which could better identify the difference of cold tolerance among varieties, and it was the most reasonable wayto identify cold tolerance of direct seeding early indica rice at bud stage; the cold tolerance of hybrid rice varietieswas stronger than that of conventional rice; the seedling rate, seedling height, root length, root number, abovegroundbiomass, root biomass and root-shoot comparison after low temperature stress were decreased compared with 25℃treatment, and seven indices were transformed into three independent comprehensive indices(CI_1, CI_2, CI_3) by principalcomponent analysis. The principal component analysis showed that root biomass and aboveground biomass could bestrepresent the response of direct seeding early indica rice to low temperature stress and could be used as an evaluationindex for cold tolerance identification at bud stage. By cluster analysis, 41 early indica rice varieties were divided intothree categories. Nine strong cold-tolerant varieties, such as Lingliangyou 7108, Liangyou 287 and Jinlingyou 816 wereselected. Fifteen moderate cold-tolerant varieties, such as Zhuliangyou 1, Tanliangyou 83 and Zhuliangyou 22, and 17 cold-sensitive varieties, such as Wen 229, Zhongzao 33 and Wufengyou 157 were selected. These varieties can furtherserve for cold tolerance breeding and production.
引文
[1]张露霞.水稻芽期耐冷性QTL定位与分析.南京:南京农业大学,2006.
[2]王雨,杨修,李茂松.移栽期变化对黑龙江省水稻低温冷害的影响—以2002年为例.自然灾害学报,2006(S1):92-96.
[3]Nishiyama I. Effects of temperature on the vegetative growth of riceplants//Proceedings of the Symposium on Climate&Rice.Manila:IRRI,1976:159-185.
[4]陆婷婷.水稻芽期耐冷性的QTL初步定位.长沙:中南大学,2012.
[5]聂元元,蔡耀辉,颜满莲,等.水稻低温冷害分析研究进展.江西农业学报,2011,23(3):63-66.
[6]韩龙植,曹桂兰,芮钟斗,等.水稻芽期耐冷性与其他耐冷性状的相关关系.作物学报,2004,30(10):990-995.
[7]Li T G,Visperas R M,Vergara B S. Correlation of cold tolerance atdifferent growth stages in rice. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,1981(3):37-41.
[8]Kwack B H,Kim C. Induction of red discoloration in rice var. tongilwith certain metabolic inhibitors. Korean Journal of Medicinal CropScience,1974,15:115-121.
[9]Report of a rice cold tolerance workshop.//Korea(South):InternationalRice Research Institute,1979.
[10]Minorsky P V. An heuristic hypothesis of chilling injury in plants:a role for calcium as the primary physiological transducer of injury.Plant Cell&Environment,1985,8(2):75-94.
[11]潘英华,郑薇薇,李金杰,等.水稻耐冷性鉴定及定位研究概况.中国农学通报,2010,26(17):54-59.
[12]肖宇龙,钟家有,胡启锋,等.江西省早稻主栽品种可控条件下芽期耐冷性鉴定.江西农业大学学报,2014,36(2):243-248.
[13]黄永兰,龙起樟,丁芸,等.江西省早稻品种芽期耐冷性鉴定评价研究.江西农业大学学报,2016,38(3):440-447.
[14]张文英.农学实验与实习指导.北京:中国农业出版社,2011.
[15]Liu H L,Sun S C,Wang J G,et al. Identification of cold tolerance ofrice germplasm resource at germinating stagein cold region. Journalof Northeast Agricultural University,2008,15(2):1-4.
[16]谢志坚.农业科学中的模糊数学方法.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1983:99-193.
[17]田蕾,陈亚萍,刘俊,等.粳稻种质资源芽期耐盐性综合评价与筛选.中国水稻科学,2017,31(6):631-642.
[18]白志英,李存东,孙红春,等.小麦代换系抗旱生理指标的主成分分析及综合评价.中国农业科学,2008,41(12):4264-4272.
[19]韩龙植,曹桂兰,安永平,等.水稻种质资源芽期耐冷性的鉴定与评价.植物遗传资源学报,2004,5(4):346-350.
[20]李霞,戴传超,程睿,等.不同生育期水稻耐冷性的鉴定及耐冷性差异的生理机制.作物学报,2006,32(1):80-87.
[21]金铭路,杨春刚,余腾琼,等.中国水稻微核心种质不同生育时期耐冷性鉴定及其相关分析.植物遗传资源学报,2009,10(4):540-546.
[22]乔永利,张媛媛,安永平,等.粳稻芽期耐冷性鉴定方法研究.植物遗传资源学报,2004,5(3):290-294.
[23]蒋敏,张小祥,吴政,等.不同苗期施肥量对水稻机插秧秧苗生理及产量的影响.中国农学通报,2017,33(34):1-8.
[24]于亚男.低温敏感突变体根尖基因表达谱分析.杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[25]武辉,侯丽丽,周艳飞,等.不同棉花基因型幼苗耐寒性分析及其鉴定指标筛选.中国农业科学,2012,45(9):1703-1713.
[26]王树刚,王振林,王平,等.不同小麦品种对低温胁迫的反应及抗冻性评价.生态学报,2011,31(4):1064-1072.
[27]李志博,曹连莆,魏亦农,等.荒漠绿洲区棉花幼苗耐寒生理特性及其评价指标分析.棉花学报,2010,22(6):568-573.
[28]刘海卿,孙万仓,刘自刚,等.北方寒旱区白菜型冬油菜抗寒性与抗旱性评价及其关系.中国农业科学,2015,48(18):3743-3756.
[2]王雨,杨修,李茂松.移栽期变化对黑龙江省水稻低温冷害的影响—以2002年为例.自然灾害学报,2006(S1):92-96.
[3]Nishiyama I. Effects of temperature on the vegetative growth of riceplants//Proceedings of the Symposium on Climate&Rice.Manila:IRRI,1976:159-185.
[4]陆婷婷.水稻芽期耐冷性的QTL初步定位.长沙:中南大学,2012.
[5]聂元元,蔡耀辉,颜满莲,等.水稻低温冷害分析研究进展.江西农业学报,2011,23(3):63-66.
[6]韩龙植,曹桂兰,芮钟斗,等.水稻芽期耐冷性与其他耐冷性状的相关关系.作物学报,2004,30(10):990-995.
[7]Li T G,Visperas R M,Vergara B S. Correlation of cold tolerance atdifferent growth stages in rice. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,1981(3):37-41.
[8]Kwack B H,Kim C. Induction of red discoloration in rice var. tongilwith certain metabolic inhibitors. Korean Journal of Medicinal CropScience,1974,15:115-121.
[9]Report of a rice cold tolerance workshop.//Korea(South):InternationalRice Research Institute,1979.
[10]Minorsky P V. An heuristic hypothesis of chilling injury in plants:a role for calcium as the primary physiological transducer of injury.Plant Cell&Environment,1985,8(2):75-94.
[11]潘英华,郑薇薇,李金杰,等.水稻耐冷性鉴定及定位研究概况.中国农学通报,2010,26(17):54-59.
[12]肖宇龙,钟家有,胡启锋,等.江西省早稻主栽品种可控条件下芽期耐冷性鉴定.江西农业大学学报,2014,36(2):243-248.
[13]黄永兰,龙起樟,丁芸,等.江西省早稻品种芽期耐冷性鉴定评价研究.江西农业大学学报,2016,38(3):440-447.
[14]张文英.农学实验与实习指导.北京:中国农业出版社,2011.
[15]Liu H L,Sun S C,Wang J G,et al. Identification of cold tolerance ofrice germplasm resource at germinating stagein cold region. Journalof Northeast Agricultural University,2008,15(2):1-4.
[16]谢志坚.农业科学中的模糊数学方法.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1983:99-193.
[17]田蕾,陈亚萍,刘俊,等.粳稻种质资源芽期耐盐性综合评价与筛选.中国水稻科学,2017,31(6):631-642.
[18]白志英,李存东,孙红春,等.小麦代换系抗旱生理指标的主成分分析及综合评价.中国农业科学,2008,41(12):4264-4272.
[19]韩龙植,曹桂兰,安永平,等.水稻种质资源芽期耐冷性的鉴定与评价.植物遗传资源学报,2004,5(4):346-350.
[20]李霞,戴传超,程睿,等.不同生育期水稻耐冷性的鉴定及耐冷性差异的生理机制.作物学报,2006,32(1):80-87.
[21]金铭路,杨春刚,余腾琼,等.中国水稻微核心种质不同生育时期耐冷性鉴定及其相关分析.植物遗传资源学报,2009,10(4):540-546.
[22]乔永利,张媛媛,安永平,等.粳稻芽期耐冷性鉴定方法研究.植物遗传资源学报,2004,5(3):290-294.
[23]蒋敏,张小祥,吴政,等.不同苗期施肥量对水稻机插秧秧苗生理及产量的影响.中国农学通报,2017,33(34):1-8.
[24]于亚男.低温敏感突变体根尖基因表达谱分析.杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[25]武辉,侯丽丽,周艳飞,等.不同棉花基因型幼苗耐寒性分析及其鉴定指标筛选.中国农业科学,2012,45(9):1703-1713.
[26]王树刚,王振林,王平,等.不同小麦品种对低温胁迫的反应及抗冻性评价.生态学报,2011,31(4):1064-1072.
[27]李志博,曹连莆,魏亦农,等.荒漠绿洲区棉花幼苗耐寒生理特性及其评价指标分析.棉花学报,2010,22(6):568-573.
[28]刘海卿,孙万仓,刘自刚,等.北方寒旱区白菜型冬油菜抗寒性与抗旱性评价及其关系.中国农业科学,2015,48(18):3743-3756.
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