农田土壤重金属污染的生物修复技术研究现状、问题及展望
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摘要
近年来,重金属随着人类的生产活动进入农田土壤中,危害作物生长,并对人类的身体健康造成威胁,因此迫切需要修复重金属污染的农田土壤,减轻重金属的危害。生物修复是通过植物、微生物等的生命代谢活动,将有毒物质进行分解与转化,从而修复受污染环境。本文综述了农田重金属污染土壤生物修复的主要原理、现状和进展,阐述了生物修复对周边环境扰动小、不产生二次污染、经济有效、绿色环保等优势,并对我国目前微生物修复还存在的一系列问题做了深入分析,针对微生物修复的研究现状指明了未来的发展方向,为合理地利用生物修复技术修复农田土壤的重金属污染提出了指导性意见,进一步完善了生物修复技术。
In recent years, with the development of economy and the intensification of industrialization, heavy metals had caused harm to soil, plants and human beings. In order to reduce the harm of heavy metals, there was an urgent need to repair the heavy metal pollution in farmland soil. Bioremediation was to decompose and transform toxic substances through the life metabolism activities of bacteria, fungi and green plants. This paper summarized the main principles, present situation and progress of bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil in farmland, described the advantages of bioremediation, such as small disturbance, no secondary pollution,economic efficiency, environmental protection and so on, analyzed the existing problems of bioremediation, pointed out the research direction and development trend in the future, and provided a reference for the theoretical research and application of soil bioremediation technology.
In recent years, with the development of economy and the intensification of industrialization, heavy metals had caused harm to soil, plants and human beings. In order to reduce the harm of heavy metals, there was an urgent need to repair the heavy metal pollution in farmland soil. Bioremediation was to decompose and transform toxic substances through the life metabolism activities of bacteria, fungi and green plants. This paper summarized the main principles, present situation and progress of bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil in farmland, described the advantages of bioremediation, such as small disturbance, no secondary pollution,economic efficiency, environmental protection and so on, analyzed the existing problems of bioremediation, pointed out the research direction and development trend in the future, and provided a reference for the theoretical research and application of soil bioremediation technology.
引文
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[3]张静静,周卫红,邹萌萌,等.城镇大面积农田土壤重金属检测与监测的原理、方法及应用展望[J].天津农业科学,2017,23(5):23-30.
[4]刘霞,刘树庆,唐兆宏.河北主要土壤中Cd、Pb形态与油菜有效性的关系[J].生态学报,2002,22(10):1688-1694.
[5]陈育明.“痛痛病”与镉污染[J].健康博览,1996(9):9.
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[12]罗辉,朱易春,冯秀娟.重金属污染土壤的生物修复技术研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2015(5):224-227.
[13]张娜.豆科牧草对重金属元素转运富集特性的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[14]张丽,赵颖,党晋华,等.牧草对重金属复合污染农田土壤的修复研究[C]//中国环境科学学会.2016中国环境科学学会学术年会论文集(第三卷),北京:中国环境出版社,2016:6.
[15]谷超,梁隆超,陈卓.4种牧草植物对红枫湖底泥中重金属污染的植物修复研究[J].环境工程,2015,33(7):148-151.
[16]李榜江.贵州山区煤矿废弃地重金属污染评价及优势植物修复效应研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2014.
[17]冯春雨,白红娟,肖根林,等.重金属污染土壤的生物修复研究现状[J].工业安全与环保,2010,36(4):27-28.
[18]俞慎,何振立,黄昌勇.重金属胁迫下土壤微生物和微生物过程研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(4):618-622.
[19]吴佳,涂书新.植物根系分泌物对污染胁迫响应的研究进展[J].核农学报,2010,24(6):1320-1327.
[20]胡永娟.抗铬菌株的筛选鉴定及其对麦田铬污染土壤修复效应研究[D].新乡:河南师范大学,2014.
[21]SRIVASTAVA S,THAKUR I S.Evaluation of bioremediation and detoxification potentiality of Aspergillus niger,for removal of hexavalent chromium in soil microcosm[J].Soil biology&biochemistry,2006,38(7):1904-1911.
[22]MARTA P,ROBERTO O G,MARI/A J A,et al,Bioremediation of chromium(VI)contaminated soil by Streptomyces sp.MC1[J].Journal of basic microbiology,2009,49(3):285-292.
[23]RAJKUMAR M,SANDHYA S,PRASAD M N,et al.Perspectives of plant-associated microbes in heavy metal phytoremediation[J].Biotechnology advances,2012,30(6):1562-1574.
[24]MA Y,PRASAD M N,RAJKUMAR M,et al.Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and endophytes accelerate phytoremediation of metalliferous soil[J].Biotechnology advances,2011,29(2):248.
[25]HO Y N,MATHEW D C,HSIAO S C,et al.Selection and application of endophytic bacterium Achromobacter xylosoxidans,strain F3B for improving phytoremediation of phenolic pollutants[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2012,219-220(12):43-49.
[26]LI Haiyan,WEI Daqiao,SHEN Mi,et al.Endophytes and their role in phytoremediation[J].Fungal diversity,2012,54(1):11-18.
[27]万勇.内生细菌在重金属植物修复中的作用机理及应用研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2013.
[28]LI Ya,WANG Qi,WANG Lu,et al.Increased growth and root Cu accumulation of Sorghum sudanense by endophytic Enterobacter sp.K3-2:Implications for Sorghum sudanense biomass production and phytostabilization[J].Ecotoxicology&environmental safety,2016,124:163.
[29]潘风山,陈宝,马晓晓,等.一株镉超积累植物东南景天特异内生细菌的筛选及鉴定[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(2):449-456.
[30]ZHANG Xingxu,LI Chunjie,NAN Zhibiao.Effects of cadmium stress on growth and anti-oxidative systems in Achnatherum inebrians symbiotic with Neotyphodium gansuense[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2010,175(1-3):703.
[31]Smith S E,David Read F.Mycorrhizal Symbiosis(Third Edition)[M].American:Academic Press,2008.
[32]MARTINA J,DANIELA R.Cadmium immobilization in the rhizosphere of arbuscular mycorrhizal plants by the fungal extraradical mycelium[J].Plant&soil,2010,332(1-2):511-520.
[33]Cornejo P,Pérez-Tienda J,Meier S,et al.Copper compartmentalization in spores as a survival strategy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Cu-polluted environments[J].Soil biology&biochemistry,2013,57(3):925-928.
[34]黄晶,凌婉婷,孙艳娣,等.丛枝菌根真菌对紫花苜蓿吸收土壤中镉和锌的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(1):99-105.
[35]WANG Fayuan,LIU Xueqin,SHI Zhaoyong,et al.Arbuscular mycorrhizae alleviate negative effects of zinc oxide nanoparticle and zinc accumulation in maize plants-A soil microcosm experiment[J].Chemosphere,2016,147:88.
[36]代威,王丹,李黎,等.不同丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对Co污染土壤下番茄生长和核素富集的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2015(9):264-267.
[37]娄晨.纳米材料-紫花苜蓿-根瘤菌复合体系对镉污染土壤修复技术的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[38]SRIPRANG R,HAYASHI M,Yamashita M,et al.A novel bioremediation system for heavy metals using the symbiosis between leguminous plant and genetically engineered rhizobia[J].Journal of biotechnology,2002,99(3):279-293.
[39]串丽敏,赵同科,郑怀国,等.土壤重金属污染修复技术研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2014(12):213-222.
[40]贺庭,刘婕,朱宇恩,等.重金属污染土壤木本-草本联合修复研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(11):237-242.
[2]SEREGIN I V,IVANOV V B.Physiological aspects of cadmium and lead toxic effects on higher plants[J].Russian journal of plant physiology,2001,48(4):523-544.
[3]张静静,周卫红,邹萌萌,等.城镇大面积农田土壤重金属检测与监测的原理、方法及应用展望[J].天津农业科学,2017,23(5):23-30.
[4]刘霞,刘树庆,唐兆宏.河北主要土壤中Cd、Pb形态与油菜有效性的关系[J].生态学报,2002,22(10):1688-1694.
[5]陈育明.“痛痛病”与镉污染[J].健康博览,1996(9):9.
[6]张杏锋,夏汉平,李志安,等.牧草对重金属污染土壤的植物修复综述[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(8):1640-1646.
[7]李广云,曹永富,赵书民,等.土壤重金属危害及修复措施[J].山东林业科技,2011,41(6):96-101.
[8]黄益宗,郝晓伟,雷鸣,等.重金属污染土壤修复技术及其修复实践[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,3(3):409-417.
[9]王静,王鑫,吴宇峰,等.农田土壤重金属污染及污染修复技术研究进展[J].绿色科技,2011(3):85-88.
[10]李雪梅,王祖伟,邓小文.天津郊区菜田土壤重金属污染环境质量评价[J].天津师范大学学报(自然版),2005,25(1):69-72.
[11]谢小进,康建成,闫国东,等.黄浦江中上游地区农用土壤重金属含量特征分析[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(8):1110-1117.
[12]罗辉,朱易春,冯秀娟.重金属污染土壤的生物修复技术研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2015(5):224-227.
[13]张娜.豆科牧草对重金属元素转运富集特性的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[14]张丽,赵颖,党晋华,等.牧草对重金属复合污染农田土壤的修复研究[C]//中国环境科学学会.2016中国环境科学学会学术年会论文集(第三卷),北京:中国环境出版社,2016:6.
[15]谷超,梁隆超,陈卓.4种牧草植物对红枫湖底泥中重金属污染的植物修复研究[J].环境工程,2015,33(7):148-151.
[16]李榜江.贵州山区煤矿废弃地重金属污染评价及优势植物修复效应研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2014.
[17]冯春雨,白红娟,肖根林,等.重金属污染土壤的生物修复研究现状[J].工业安全与环保,2010,36(4):27-28.
[18]俞慎,何振立,黄昌勇.重金属胁迫下土壤微生物和微生物过程研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(4):618-622.
[19]吴佳,涂书新.植物根系分泌物对污染胁迫响应的研究进展[J].核农学报,2010,24(6):1320-1327.
[20]胡永娟.抗铬菌株的筛选鉴定及其对麦田铬污染土壤修复效应研究[D].新乡:河南师范大学,2014.
[21]SRIVASTAVA S,THAKUR I S.Evaluation of bioremediation and detoxification potentiality of Aspergillus niger,for removal of hexavalent chromium in soil microcosm[J].Soil biology&biochemistry,2006,38(7):1904-1911.
[22]MARTA P,ROBERTO O G,MARI/A J A,et al,Bioremediation of chromium(VI)contaminated soil by Streptomyces sp.MC1[J].Journal of basic microbiology,2009,49(3):285-292.
[23]RAJKUMAR M,SANDHYA S,PRASAD M N,et al.Perspectives of plant-associated microbes in heavy metal phytoremediation[J].Biotechnology advances,2012,30(6):1562-1574.
[24]MA Y,PRASAD M N,RAJKUMAR M,et al.Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and endophytes accelerate phytoremediation of metalliferous soil[J].Biotechnology advances,2011,29(2):248.
[25]HO Y N,MATHEW D C,HSIAO S C,et al.Selection and application of endophytic bacterium Achromobacter xylosoxidans,strain F3B for improving phytoremediation of phenolic pollutants[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2012,219-220(12):43-49.
[26]LI Haiyan,WEI Daqiao,SHEN Mi,et al.Endophytes and their role in phytoremediation[J].Fungal diversity,2012,54(1):11-18.
[27]万勇.内生细菌在重金属植物修复中的作用机理及应用研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2013.
[28]LI Ya,WANG Qi,WANG Lu,et al.Increased growth and root Cu accumulation of Sorghum sudanense by endophytic Enterobacter sp.K3-2:Implications for Sorghum sudanense biomass production and phytostabilization[J].Ecotoxicology&environmental safety,2016,124:163.
[29]潘风山,陈宝,马晓晓,等.一株镉超积累植物东南景天特异内生细菌的筛选及鉴定[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(2):449-456.
[30]ZHANG Xingxu,LI Chunjie,NAN Zhibiao.Effects of cadmium stress on growth and anti-oxidative systems in Achnatherum inebrians symbiotic with Neotyphodium gansuense[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2010,175(1-3):703.
[31]Smith S E,David Read F.Mycorrhizal Symbiosis(Third Edition)[M].American:Academic Press,2008.
[32]MARTINA J,DANIELA R.Cadmium immobilization in the rhizosphere of arbuscular mycorrhizal plants by the fungal extraradical mycelium[J].Plant&soil,2010,332(1-2):511-520.
[33]Cornejo P,Pérez-Tienda J,Meier S,et al.Copper compartmentalization in spores as a survival strategy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Cu-polluted environments[J].Soil biology&biochemistry,2013,57(3):925-928.
[34]黄晶,凌婉婷,孙艳娣,等.丛枝菌根真菌对紫花苜蓿吸收土壤中镉和锌的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(1):99-105.
[35]WANG Fayuan,LIU Xueqin,SHI Zhaoyong,et al.Arbuscular mycorrhizae alleviate negative effects of zinc oxide nanoparticle and zinc accumulation in maize plants-A soil microcosm experiment[J].Chemosphere,2016,147:88.
[36]代威,王丹,李黎,等.不同丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对Co污染土壤下番茄生长和核素富集的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2015(9):264-267.
[37]娄晨.纳米材料-紫花苜蓿-根瘤菌复合体系对镉污染土壤修复技术的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[38]SRIPRANG R,HAYASHI M,Yamashita M,et al.A novel bioremediation system for heavy metals using the symbiosis between leguminous plant and genetically engineered rhizobia[J].Journal of biotechnology,2002,99(3):279-293.
[39]串丽敏,赵同科,郑怀国,等.土壤重金属污染修复技术研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2014(12):213-222.
[40]贺庭,刘婕,朱宇恩,等.重金属污染土壤木本-草本联合修复研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(11):237-242.
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