基于波高和周期双指标的福建海域海浪危险性分析
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摘要
现行的海浪危险性评估方法仅以波高作为指标,没有考虑波浪周期对海上建筑物和船舶航行安全的影响。基于1979-2016年福建外海海浪数值后报结果,建立了基于周期的海浪强度和危险性等级划分标准,提出了基于波高和周期双指标的福建海域海浪危险性分析方法。结果表明,双指标下海浪危险等级分布结合了波高单指标下环状分布和周期单指标下带状分布的特点,以台湾海峡中南部海域海浪危险等级最高,闽南近岸海域海浪危险等级高于闽东和闽中海域,总体危险等级分布呈现南高北低的特征;双指标下的福建外海海浪危险等级分布比单指标考虑更为全面,不仅包含波高对结构物的影响还考虑了周期对浮式结构物和防波堤的作用,更加贴近真实情况下的海浪危险性特征。
The current wave risk assessment method only uses wave height as an indicator without considering the impact of wave period on the safety of offshore buildings and ships. Based on the numerical simulation results of Fujian offshore area from 1979 to 2016, the classification criteria of wave strength and risk level based on wave period are established, and the analysis method of wave risk in Fujian offshore area based on double indicator considering both wave height and wave period is proposed. The results show that the distribution of wave risk levels under the double indicator combines the characteristics of the ring distribution under the single indicator of wave height and the band distribution under the single indicator of wave period. The wave risk level is the highest in the central and southern Taiwan Strait, and the wave risk level in the coastal waters of southern Fujian is higher than that in the east and the middle of the area. The distribution of the overall wave risk level is characterized by a high level in southern area and a low one in north. The distribution of wave risk levels in Fujian offshore area under the double indicator is more comprehensive than the single indicator. It not only contains the influence of wave height on the structure but also the effect of wave period on the floating structure and breakwater. Results are more consistent with the wave risk characteristics in the real world.
The current wave risk assessment method only uses wave height as an indicator without considering the impact of wave period on the safety of offshore buildings and ships. Based on the numerical simulation results of Fujian offshore area from 1979 to 2016, the classification criteria of wave strength and risk level based on wave period are established, and the analysis method of wave risk in Fujian offshore area based on double indicator considering both wave height and wave period is proposed. The results show that the distribution of wave risk levels under the double indicator combines the characteristics of the ring distribution under the single indicator of wave height and the band distribution under the single indicator of wave period. The wave risk level is the highest in the central and southern Taiwan Strait, and the wave risk level in the coastal waters of southern Fujian is higher than that in the east and the middle of the area. The distribution of the overall wave risk level is characterized by a high level in southern area and a low one in north. The distribution of wave risk levels in Fujian offshore area under the double indicator is more comprehensive than the single indicator. It not only contains the influence of wave height on the structure but also the effect of wave period on the floating structure and breakwater. Results are more consistent with the wave risk characteristics in the real world.
引文
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刘小艳,2010.陕西省干旱灾害风险评估及区划.陕西:陕西师范大学.
裴晔,陶爱峰,张义丰,等,2016.东海E3海域低频涌浪生成机制研究.海洋湖沼通报,(1):17-24.
任孔愚,1996.用横摇周期检验船舶稳性的实用研究.航海技术,(4):18-24.
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王莺,沙莎,王素萍,等,2015.中国南方干旱灾害风险评估.草业学报,24(5):12-24.
王瑛,史培军,王静爱,2005.云南省农村乡镇地震灾害房屋损失评估.地震学报,27(5):551-560.
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徐新创,刘成武,2010.干旱风险评估研究综述.湖北科技学院学报,30(10):5-9.
闫澍旺,李嘉,雷震名,等,2016.涌浪环境中铺管船横摇机理及模型试验研究.海洋工程,34(4):16-22.
扬宪章,1989.长周期波的特性及对系泊船舶动态特性的影响.中国港湾建设,(6):37-43.
张东辉,2010.采用GIS和RS技术研究单体滑坡灾害风险评估模型.成都:成都理工大学.
张志,孔友南,程培军,2017.长周期波作用下防波堤透浪对港内系泊稳定影响分析.水道港口,38(6):561-566.
仲冰,2008.云南省新平县滑坡灾害风险评估研究.北京:中国地质大学.
Kazakis N,Kougias I,Patsialis T,2015.Assessment of flood hazard areas at a regional scale using an index-based approach and analytical hierarchy process:application in Rhodope-Evros region,Greece.Science of the Total Environment,538:555-563.
Ntajal J,Lamptey B L,Mahamadou I B,et al,2017.Flood disaster risk mapping in the Lower Mono River Basin in Togo,West Africa.International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction,23:93-103.
Shi J,Joly A,Zheng J H,et al,2017.Development of a sea-state database in the Northwest Pacific Ocean by long-term numerical hindcast modelling//International Conference on Nuclear Engineering.V004T14A008.
UN/ISDR,2004.Living with risk:a global review of disaster reduction initiatives,7(4):336-342.
Wang Y,Li Z,Tang Z,et al,2011.A GIS-based spatial multi-criteria approach for flood risk assessment in the Dongting Lake Region,Hunan,Central China.Water Resources Management,25(13):3465-3484.
Wang Z,Lai C,Chen X,et al,2015.Flood hazard risk assessment model based on random forest.Journal of Hydrology,527:1130-1141.
曹罗丹,2014.基于遥感与GIS的浙江省洪涝灾害风险评估.宁波:宁波大学.
何报寅,张海林,张穗,等,2002.基于GIS的湖北省洪水灾害危险性评价.自然灾害学报,11(4):84-89.
蒋卫国,李京,陈云浩,等,2008.区域洪水灾害风险评估体系(Ⅰ)--原理与方法.自然灾害学报,17(6):53-59.
李明志,臧俊岭,焦仁庆,2009.农业气象灾害风险评估研究综述.现代农业科技,(14):269-270.
刘娜,2013.南京市主城区暴雨内涝灾害风险评估.南京:南京信息工程大学.
刘文通,1998.波浪周期对海洋建筑物的影响.海岸工程,(3):1-5.
刘小艳,2010.陕西省干旱灾害风险评估及区划.陕西:陕西师范大学.
裴晔,陶爱峰,张义丰,等,2016.东海E3海域低频涌浪生成机制研究.海洋湖沼通报,(1):17-24.
任孔愚,1996.用横摇周期检验船舶稳性的实用研究.航海技术,(4):18-24.
苏和平,孙爽,马金珠,等,2016.甘肃省南部单沟泥石流灾害风险评估.山地学报,34(3):337-345.
王曦,周洪建,2015.区域地震灾害年度风险评估中的情景分析.灾害学,(2):70-74.
王莺,沙莎,王素萍,等,2015.中国南方干旱灾害风险评估.草业学报,24(5):12-24.
王瑛,史培军,王静爱,2005.云南省农村乡镇地震灾害房屋损失评估.地震学报,27(5):551-560.
冼国栋,吴森,潘国耀,等,2018.油气管道滑坡灾害危险性评价指标体系.油气储运,37(8):865-872.
徐新创,刘成武,2010.干旱风险评估研究综述.湖北科技学院学报,30(10):5-9.
闫澍旺,李嘉,雷震名,等,2016.涌浪环境中铺管船横摇机理及模型试验研究.海洋工程,34(4):16-22.
扬宪章,1989.长周期波的特性及对系泊船舶动态特性的影响.中国港湾建设,(6):37-43.
张东辉,2010.采用GIS和RS技术研究单体滑坡灾害风险评估模型.成都:成都理工大学.
张志,孔友南,程培军,2017.长周期波作用下防波堤透浪对港内系泊稳定影响分析.水道港口,38(6):561-566.
仲冰,2008.云南省新平县滑坡灾害风险评估研究.北京:中国地质大学.