冬季生火室内气体的内能
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摘要
在1938年,Emden发表了一篇短文:"冬季为什么要生火?"。他将室内气体当作理想气体来处理,证明了生火使室内气体温度升高了,但没有改变室内气体的内能,气体的内能保持不变,这一结论很出乎内行人的意料,在此之后的学者也都是基于理想气体来研究这个问题。众所周知,范德瓦尔斯气体比理想气体更接近实际气体,如果将室内气体当作范德瓦尔斯气体来处理,却可得出如下的结论:生火后不但没有使室内气体内能增加,反而是略有减少的,这一结论可能更出乎内行人的意料。本文对该结论给出分析过程。
In 1938,Emden published a short article with the title,"Why do we have winter heating?"He treated indoor gas as ideal gas,and proved that the temperature of indoor gas was increased by heating,but the internal energy of indoor gas remained unchanged.This conclusion was quite unexpected for experts.After that,scholars have also studied this problem based on ideal gas.If the indoor gas is treated as van der Waals gas,which is closer to real gas than ideal gas as known,the following conclusion can be drawn:the internal energy of indoor gas does not increase but decreases slightly after heating,which may be more unexpected for experts.
In 1938,Emden published a short article with the title,"Why do we have winter heating?"He treated indoor gas as ideal gas,and proved that the temperature of indoor gas was increased by heating,but the internal energy of indoor gas remained unchanged.This conclusion was quite unexpected for experts.After that,scholars have also studied this problem based on ideal gas.If the indoor gas is treated as van der Waals gas,which is closer to real gas than ideal gas as known,the following conclusion can be drawn:the internal energy of indoor gas does not increase but decreases slightly after heating,which may be more unexpected for experts.
引文
[1]R.EMDEN.why do we have winter heating?[J].Nature,1938,141:908-909.
[2]Z.BILKADI,When you heat your house does the thermal energy content increase?[J].Chem.Educ.1972,49:493-494.
[3]CAMPBELL J A.Footnote to the house heating exemplum[J].Chem.Educ.1973,50:365-366.
[4]甘祥根,陈丽红.物理模型及其应用[J].物理通报,2005(1):27-29.GAN X G,CHEN L H.Physical model and its application[J].Physics Bulletin,2005(1):27-29.(in Chinese)
[5]刘大为.生火问题与高原反应[J].甘肃联合大学学报,2011,25(6):40-43.LIU D W.Lighting a fire and altitude sickness[J].Journal of GanSu Lianhe University,2011,25(6):40-43.(in Chinese)
[6]梁春艳.非理想气体热力学性质的研究[J].广西师范大学学报,2001(6):9-11.LIAN C Y.Research on the thermodynamic character of non-ideal gas[J].Journal of GuangXi Normal University,2001(6):9-11.(in Chinese)
[2]Z.BILKADI,When you heat your house does the thermal energy content increase?[J].Chem.Educ.1972,49:493-494.
[3]CAMPBELL J A.Footnote to the house heating exemplum[J].Chem.Educ.1973,50:365-366.
[4]甘祥根,陈丽红.物理模型及其应用[J].物理通报,2005(1):27-29.GAN X G,CHEN L H.Physical model and its application[J].Physics Bulletin,2005(1):27-29.(in Chinese)
[5]刘大为.生火问题与高原反应[J].甘肃联合大学学报,2011,25(6):40-43.LIU D W.Lighting a fire and altitude sickness[J].Journal of GanSu Lianhe University,2011,25(6):40-43.(in Chinese)
[6]梁春艳.非理想气体热力学性质的研究[J].广西师范大学学报,2001(6):9-11.LIAN C Y.Research on the thermodynamic character of non-ideal gas[J].Journal of GuangXi Normal University,2001(6):9-11.(in Chinese)